基于Nginx 和 uwsgi 搭建 django.

第一篇博客，不是很懂语法之类的，希望通过多写点东西，记录自己的成长，早点成为一个pyer.

就写下这两天折腾的这个nginx-uwsgi-django.

首先附上官方文档链接 http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html

环境 python == Python 2.7.3, os == centos6.5 x86_64

django == 1.8.1

uwsgi == uWSGI 2.0.15 (64bit) #都是pip 直接安装的

nginx == 1.10.1      #yum install -y

1.刚刚创建的project

$django-admin startproject test_nginx_uwsgi
$cd test_nginx_uwsgi/
$tree
.
├── manage.py
└── test_nginx_uwsgi
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── settings.py
    ├── urls.py
    └── wsgi.py

2.当前目录下创建test.py文件，代码如下：

#test.py
def application(env, start_response):
    start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
    return "Hello World" #国际惯例,helloworld

运行代码：

$uwsgi --http : --wsgi-file test.py
##中间东西很多,又看不懂，乱七八糟的,我就不贴了##
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI worker  (and the only) (pid: , cores: )

参数含义简介：

• :9111 > 想必大家都知道，运行的端口
• wsgi-file > 指定加载的文件
• 报错[uwsgi: command not found]的话，ln -s /your-python-dir/bin/* /usr/bin/*

如图所示，第一步完成！

3.测试您的django 是否能够正常运行！ps:为了方便起见我们直接用admin网站测试好了~~

$python manage.py syncdb #创建superuser
$python manage.py makemigration
$python manage.py migrate
$python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:

大家有目共睹

4.使用Uwsgi 跑 django项目

cmd: (其中test_nginx_uwsgi.wsgi指的就是test_nginx_uwsgi目录下的wsgi.py，django1.8自动生成)

$ uwsgi --http : --module test_nginx_uwsgi.wsgi

又成功了一步~可以对比上面的，同样的url，这里却很难看，是因为没有加载static文件

但是可以说明  web-client <-> Uwsgi <-> Django 是连通的,下面的就要看Nginx.

5.配置Nginx.

由于版本的问题，如果这里也用官方的源码就不行了。

1. 收集静态文件

   #首先setting.py中添加
   STATIC_ROOT = '/root/django/test_nginx_uwsgi/static_root/'
   ------------------------------我是换行------------------------------
   $python manage.py collectstatic
   You have requested to collect static files at the destination
   location as specified in your settings:
   
       /root/django/test_nginx_uwsgi/static_root
   
   This will overwrite existing files!
   Are you sure you want to do this?
   
   Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes
   #·······省略~
    static files copied to '/root/django/test_nginx_uwsgi/static_root'.

2. nginx配置文件在 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ,其中include -> /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf  [这个，相信大多数linux服务如出一辙]
3. vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/test_nginx_uwsgi.conf,代码如下

   # test_nginx_uwsgi.conf
   
   # the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
   upstream django_test { #加上_test，因为和原来的冲突了，这里备注下
       # server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
       server 127.0.0.1:; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first) 类似uwsgi端口
   }
   # configuration of the server
   server {
       # the port your site will be served on
       listen      ;  #nginx 运行端口
       # the domain name it will serve for
       server_name .example.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
       charset     utf-;
   
       # max upload size
       client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste
   
       # Django media
       location /media  {
           alias /root/django/test_nginx_uwsgi/media;  # 加载你的meida,
       }
       location /static {
           alias /root/django/test_nginx_uwsgi/static_root; # 加载你的静态文件
       }
       # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
       location / {
           uwsgi_pass  django_test;
           include     /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params; #官方说要把文件cp到项目目录，感觉没必要
       }
   }

4. 重启 nginx (不知道是我这机器有毛病还是····，光restart不行)

[root@lzy test_nginx_uwsgi]# /etc/init.d/nginx restart
stopping nginx.... Done.
starting nginx..
[root@lzy test_nginx_uwsgi]# nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[root@lzy test_nginx_uwsgi]# nginx -s reload
[root@lzy test_nginx_uwsgi]# lsof -i :
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE   DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
nginx    root    9u  IPv4       0t0  TCP *: (LISTEN)
#可以看到8090端口已经在运行 nginx 了,说明配置文件有效果了

6.接下来官网Balala了一堆,我这种fish压根不懂，我也没按他的做，跳过这一步··

7.配置test_nginx_uwsgi_uwsgi.ini 启动配置文件

　　ps:参考了http://www.runoob.com/django/django-nginx-uwsgi.html

　　创建test_nginx_uwsgi_uwsgi.ini  就在项目根目录

#test_nginx_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings

socket = :
# the base directory (full path)
chdir = /root/django/test_nginx_uwsgi

# Django s wsgi file
module = test_nginx_uwsgi.wsgi

# process-related settings
# master
master = true

# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 

# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket =
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true

8.配置完成，就剩下启动了

启动就很简单呢

#首先启动uwsgi 指定配置文件ini
$uwsgi --ini test_nginx_uwsgi.ini #也可以 nohup uwsgi --ini test_nginx_uwsgi.ini & 后台执行，无输出
#其次重启Nginx,参照上面重启步骤

#浏览器打开 192.168.8.199:/admin

大功告成~现在就是通过nginx端口打开的django，如果nginx Listen 80，那么浏览器不用输端口也行呢

#error: /var/log/nginx/nginx.log提示 13 Pemmer deied【权限问题】，修改/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，user nginx -> user root