python 中的os.path.split()函数用法

基本概念

  os.path.split()通过一对链表的头和尾来划分路径名。链表的tail是是最后的路径名元素。head则是它前面的元素。

举个例子：

path name = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'

在上面的这个例子中，路径名字file.txt称之为tail 路径‘/home/User/Desktop/’ 称之为head。tail部分永远不会包含斜杠符号。如果这个路径名字以斜杠结束，那么tail就是为空。

如果没有斜杠在路径中，那么head是为空的。下面是详细的参数：

    path                             head                 tail
'/home/user/Desktop/file.txt'   '/home/user/Desktop/'   'file.txt'
'/home/user/Desktop/'           '/home/user/Desktop/'    {empty}
'file.txt'                           {empty}            'file.txt'

实例分析

1 实例一：

# Python program to explain os.path.split() method  

# importing os module
import os 

# path
path = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'

# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path) 

# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n") 

# path
path = '/home/User/Desktop/'

# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path) 

# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n") 

# path
path = 'file.txt'

# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path) 

# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1]) 

2 结果：

Head of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': /home/User/Desktop
Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': file.txt 

Head of '/home/User/Desktop/': /home/User/Desktop
Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/':  

Head of 'file.txt':
Tail of 'file.txt': file.txt

3 实例二

# Python program to explain os.path.split() method  

# importing os module
import os 

# path
path = '' 

# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path) 

# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s':" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s':" % path, head_tail[1]) 

# os.path.split() function
# will return empty
# head and tail if
# specified path is empty

4 测试结果：

Head of '':
Tail of '':

参考文档

1 经典案例