iconv命令
iconv 用法：
Usage: iconv [OPTION...] [FILE...]
Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another. Input/Output format specification:
-f, --from-code=NAME encoding of original text
-t, --to-code=NAME encoding for output Information:
-l, --list list all known coded character sets Output control:
-c omit invalid characters from output
-o, --output=FILE output file
-s, --silent suppress warnings
--verbose print progress information -?, --help Give this help list
--usage Give a short usage message
-V, --version Print program version Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or optional
for any corresponding short options. For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/bugs.html>.
iconv是知名的开源跨平台编码转换库，iconv.exe是iconv库在windows下的命令行工具，
iconv.exe的一般用法：
iconv.exe -f gbk -t utf- gbk.txt > utf-.txt
其中 -f gbk 指明转换前的文件编码是gbk，-t utf-8 指明转换后的文件编码是utf-8，gbk....
功能
对于给定文件把它的内容从一种编码转换成另一种编码。
描述
-f encoding :把字符从encoding编码开始转换。
-t encoding :把字符转换到encoding编码。
-l :列出已知的编码字符集合
-o file :指定输出文件
-c :忽略输出的非法字符
-s :禁止警告信息，但不是错误信息
--verbose :显示进度信息
-f和-t所能指定的合法字符在-l选项的命令里面都列出来了。
1. iconv -l 列出所有相应的编码
The following list contain all the coded character sets known. This does
not necessarily mean that all combinations of these names can be used for
the FROM and TO command line parameters. One coded character set can be
listed with several different names (aliases).
, , 500V1, , , , , , , , , , , , ,
, 866NAV, , , , , , , 8859_1, 8859_2, 8859_3, 8859_4,
8859_5, 8859_6, 8859_7, 8859_8, 8859_9, -:, -:/UCS4,
ANSI_X3.-, ANSI_X3.-, ANSI_X3., ANSI_X3.-, ANSI_X3.,
ARABIC, ARABIC7, ARMSCII-, ASCII, ASMO-, ASMO_449, BALTIC, BIG-,
BIG-FIVE, BIG5-HKSCS, BIG5, BIG5HKSCS, BIGFIVE, BRF, BS_4730, CA, CN-BIG5,
CN-GB, CN, CP-AR, CP-GR, CP-HU, CP037, CP038, CP273, CP274, CP275, CP278,
CP280, CP281, CP282, CP284, CP285, CP290, CP297, CP367, CP420, CP423, CP424,
CP437, CP500, CP737, CP770, CP771, CP772, CP773, CP774, CP775, CP803, CP813,
CP819, CP850, CP851, CP852, CP855, CP856, CP857, CP860, CP861, CP862, CP863,
CP864, CP865, CP866, CP866NAV, CP868, CP869, CP870, CP871, CP874, CP875,
CP880, CP891, CP901, CP902, CP903, CP904, CP905, CP912, CP915, CP916, CP918,
CP920, CP921, CP922, CP930, CP932, CP933, CP935, CP936, CP937, CP939, CP949,
CP950, CP1004, CP1008, CP1025, CP1026, CP1046, CP1047, CP1070, CP1079,
CP1081, CP1084, CP1089, CP1097, CP1112, CP1122, CP1123, CP1124, CP1125,
CP1129, CP1130, CP1132, CP1133, CP1137, CP1140, CP1141, CP1142, CP1143,
CP1144, CP1145, CP1146, CP1147, CP1148, CP1149, CP1153, CP1154, CP1155,
CP1156, CP1157, CP1158, CP1160, CP1161, CP1162, CP1163, CP1164, CP1166,
CP1167, CP1250, CP1251, CP1252, CP1253, CP1254, CP1255, CP1256, CP1257,
CP1258, CP1282, CP1361, CP1364, CP1371, CP1388, CP1390, CP1399, CP4517,
CP4899, CP4909, CP4971, CP5347, CP9030, CP9066, CP9448, CP10007, CP12712,
CP16804, CPIBM861, CSA7-, CSA7-, CSASCII, CSA_T500-, CSA_T500,
CSA_Z243.--, CSA_Z243.--, CSA_Z243., CSA_Z243.,
CSDECMCS, CSEBCDICATDE, CSEBCDICATDEA, CSEBCDICCAFR, CSEBCDICDKNO,
CSEBCDICDKNOA, CSEBCDICES, CSEBCDICESA, CSEBCDICESS, CSEBCDICFISE,
CSEBCDICFISEA, CSEBCDICFR, CSEBCDICIT, CSEBCDICPT, CSEBCDICUK, CSEBCDICUS,
CSEUCKR, CSEUCPKDFMTJAPANESE, CSGB2312, CSHPROMAN8, CSIBM037, CSIBM038,
CSIBM273, CSIBM274, CSIBM275, CSIBM277, CSIBM278, CSIBM280, CSIBM281,
CSIBM284, CSIBM285, CSIBM290, CSIBM297, CSIBM420, CSIBM423, CSIBM424,
CSIBM500, CSIBM803, CSIBM851, CSIBM855, CSIBM856, CSIBM857, CSIBM860,
CSIBM863, CSIBM864, CSIBM865, CSIBM866, CSIBM868, CSIBM869, CSIBM870,
CSIBM871, CSIBM880, CSIBM891, CSIBM901, CSIBM902, CSIBM903, CSIBM904,
CSIBM905, CSIBM918, CSIBM921, CSIBM922, CSIBM930, CSIBM932, CSIBM933,
CSIBM935, CSIBM937, CSIBM939, CSIBM943, CSIBM1008, CSIBM1025, CSIBM1026,
CSIBM1097, CSIBM1112, CSIBM1122, CSIBM1123, CSIBM1124, CSIBM1129, CSIBM1130,
CSIBM1132, CSIBM1133, CSIBM1137, CSIBM1140, CSIBM1141, CSIBM1142, CSIBM1143,
CSIBM1144, CSIBM1145, CSIBM1146, CSIBM1147, CSIBM1148, CSIBM1149, CSIBM1153,
CSIBM1154, CSIBM1155, CSIBM1156, CSIBM1157, CSIBM1158, CSIBM1160, CSIBM1161,
CSIBM1163, CSIBM1164, CSIBM1166, CSIBM1167, CSIBM1364, CSIBM1371, CSIBM1388,
CSIBM1390, CSIBM1399, CSIBM4517, CSIBM4899, CSIBM4909, CSIBM4971, CSIBM5347,
CSIBM9030, CSIBM9066, CSIBM9448, CSIBM12712, CSIBM16804, CSIBM11621162,
CSISO4UNITEDKINGDOM, CSISO10SWEDISH, CSISO11SWEDISHFORNAMES,
CSISO14JISC6220RO, CSISO15ITALIAN, CSISO16PORTUGESE, CSISO17SPANISH,
CSISO18GREEK7OLD, CSISO19LATINGREEK, CSISO21GERMAN, CSISO25FRENCH,
CSISO27LATINGREEK1, CSISO49INIS, CSISO50INIS8, CSISO51INISCYRILLIC,
CSISO58GB1988, CSISO60DANISHNORWEGIAN, CSISO60NORWEGIAN1, CSISO61NORWEGIAN2,
CSISO69FRENCH, CSISO84PORTUGUESE2, CSISO85SPANISH2, CSISO86HUNGARIAN,
CSISO88GREEK7, CSISO89ASMO449, CSISO90, CSISO92JISC62991984B, CSISO99NAPLPS,
CSISO103T618BIT, CSISO111ECMACYRILLIC, CSISO121CANADIAN1, CSISO122CANADIAN2,
CSISO139CSN369103, CSISO141JUSIB1002, CSISO143IECP271, CSISO150,
CSISO150GREEKCCITT, CSISO151CUBA, CSISO153GOST1976874, CSISO646DANISH,
CSISO2022CN, CSISO2022JP, CSISO2022JP2, CSISO2022KR, CSISO2033,
CSISO5427CYRILLIC, CSISO5427CYRILLIC1981, CSISO5428GREEK, CSISO10367BOX,
CSISOLATIN1, CSISOLATIN2, CSISOLATIN3, CSISOLATIN4, CSISOLATIN5, CSISOLATIN6,
CSISOLATINARABIC, CSISOLATINCYRILLIC, CSISOLATINGREEK, CSISOLATINHEBREW,
CSKOI8R, CSKSC5636, CSMACINTOSH, CSNATSDANO, CSNATSSEFI, CSN_369103,
CSPC8CODEPAGE437, CSPC775BALTIC, CSPC850MULTILINGUAL, CSPC862LATINHEBREW,
CSPCP852, CSSHIFTJIS, CSUCS4, CSUNICODE, CSWINDOWS31J, CUBA, CWI-, CWI,
CYRILLIC, DE, DEC-MCS, DEC, DECMCS, DIN_66003, DK, DS2089, DS_2089, E13B,
EBCDIC-AT-DE-A, EBCDIC-AT-DE, EBCDIC-BE, EBCDIC-BR, EBCDIC-CA-FR,
EBCDIC-CP-AR1, EBCDIC-CP-AR2, EBCDIC-CP-BE, EBCDIC-CP-CA, EBCDIC-CP-CH,
EBCDIC-CP-DK, EBCDIC-CP-ES, EBCDIC-CP-FI, EBCDIC-CP-FR, EBCDIC-CP-GB,
EBCDIC-CP-GR, EBCDIC-CP-HE, EBCDIC-CP-IS, EBCDIC-CP-IT, EBCDIC-CP-NL,
EBCDIC-CP-NO, EBCDIC-CP-ROECE, EBCDIC-CP-SE, EBCDIC-CP-TR, EBCDIC-CP-US,
EBCDIC-CP-WT, EBCDIC-CP-YU, EBCDIC-CYRILLIC, EBCDIC-DK-NO-A, EBCDIC-DK-NO,
EBCDIC-ES-A, EBCDIC-ES-S, EBCDIC-ES, EBCDIC-FI-SE-A, EBCDIC-FI-SE, EBCDIC-FR,
EBCDIC-GREEK, EBCDIC-INT, EBCDIC-INT1, EBCDIC-IS-FRISS, EBCDIC-IT,
EBCDIC-JP-E, EBCDIC-JP-KANA, EBCDIC-PT, EBCDIC-UK, EBCDIC-US, EBCDICATDE,
EBCDICATDEA, EBCDICCAFR, EBCDICDKNO, EBCDICDKNOA, EBCDICES, EBCDICESA,
EBCDICESS, EBCDICFISE, EBCDICFISEA, EBCDICFR, EBCDICISFRISS, EBCDICIT,
EBCDICPT, EBCDICUK, EBCDICUS, ECMA-, ECMA-, ECMA-, ECMA-CYRILLIC,
ECMACYRILLIC, ELOT_928, ES, ES2, EUC-CN, EUC-JISX0213, EUC-JP-MS, EUC-JP,
EUC-KR, EUC-TW, EUCCN, EUCJP-MS, EUCJP-OPEN, EUCJP-WIN, EUCJP, EUCKR, EUCTW,
FI, FR, GB, GB2312, GB13000, GB18030, GBK, GB_1988-, GB_198880,
GEORGIAN-ACADEMY, GEORGIAN-PS, GOST_19768-, GOST_19768, GOST_1976874,
GREEK-CCITT, GREEK, GREEK7-OLD, GREEK7, GREEK7OLD, GREEK8, GREEKCCITT,
HEBREW, HP-GREEK8, HP-ROMAN8, HP-ROMAN9, HP-THAI8, HP-TURKISH8, HPGREEK8,
HPROMAN8, HPROMAN9, HPTHAI8, HPTURKISH8, HU, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-,
IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM-, IBM037, IBM038, IBM256, IBM273,
IBM274, IBM275, IBM277, IBM278, IBM280, IBM281, IBM284, IBM285, IBM290,
IBM297, IBM367, IBM420, IBM423, IBM424, IBM437, IBM500, IBM775, IBM803,
IBM813, IBM819, IBM848, IBM850, IBM851, IBM852, IBM855, IBM856, IBM857,
IBM860, IBM861, IBM862, IBM863, IBM864, IBM865, IBM866, IBM866NAV, IBM868,
IBM869, IBM870, IBM871, IBM874, IBM875, IBM880, IBM891, IBM901, IBM902,
IBM903, IBM904, IBM905, IBM912, IBM915, IBM916, IBM918, IBM920, IBM921,
IBM922, IBM930, IBM932, IBM933, IBM935, IBM937, IBM939, IBM943, IBM1004,
IBM1008, IBM1025, IBM1026, IBM1046, IBM1047, IBM1089, IBM1097, IBM1112,
IBM1122, IBM1123, IBM1124, IBM1129, IBM1130, IBM1132, IBM1133, IBM1137,
IBM1140, IBM1141, IBM1142, IBM1143, IBM1144, IBM1145, IBM1146, IBM1147,
IBM1148, IBM1149, IBM1153, IBM1154, IBM1155, IBM1156, IBM1157, IBM1158,
IBM1160, IBM1161, IBM1162, IBM1163, IBM1164, IBM1166, IBM1167, IBM1364,
IBM1371, IBM1388, IBM1390, IBM1399, IBM4517, IBM4899, IBM4909, IBM4971,
IBM5347, IBM9030, IBM9066, IBM9448, IBM12712, IBM16804, IEC_P27-, IEC_P271,
INIS-, INIS-CYRILLIC, INIS, INIS8, INISCYRILLIC, ISIRI-, ISIRI3342,
ISO--CN-EXT, ISO--CN, ISO--JP-, ISO--JP-, ISO--JP,
ISO--KR, ISO--, ISO--, ISO--, ISO--, ISO--,
ISO--, ISO--, ISO--, ISO--, ISO--9E, ISO--,
ISO--, ISO--, ISO--, ISO--, ISO--,
ISO--UCS-, ISO-, ISO-/UCS2, ISO-/UCS4, ISO-/UTF-,
ISO-/UTF8, ISO-CELTIC, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR--, ISO-IR--,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-,
ISO-IR-, ISO-IR-, ISO/TR_11548-, ISO646-CA, ISO646-CA2, ISO646-CN,
ISO646-CU, ISO646-DE, ISO646-DK, ISO646-ES, ISO646-ES2, ISO646-FI, ISO646-FR,
ISO646-FR1, ISO646-GB, ISO646-HU, ISO646-IT, ISO646-JP-OCR-B, ISO646-JP,
ISO646-KR, ISO646-NO, ISO646-NO2, ISO646-PT, ISO646-PT2, ISO646-SE,
ISO646-SE2, ISO646-US, ISO646-YU, ISO2022CN, ISO2022CNEXT, ISO2022JP,
ISO2022JP2, ISO2022KR, ISO6937, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-,
ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-9E,
ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-, ISO8859-,
ISO11548-, ISO88591, ISO88592, ISO88593, ISO88594, ISO88595, ISO88596,
ISO88597, ISO88598, ISO88599, ISO88599E, ISO885910, ISO885911, ISO885913,
ISO885914, ISO885915, ISO885916, ISO_646.IRV:, ISO_2033-, ISO_2033,
ISO_5427-EXT, ISO_5427, ISO_5427:, ISO_5427EXT, ISO_5428, ISO_5428:,
ISO_6937-, ISO_6937-:, ISO_6937, ISO_6937:, ISO_8859-,
ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:,
ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-,
ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-,
ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-9E, ISO_8859-,
ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-,
ISO_8859-:, ISO_8859-, ISO_8859-:, ISO_9036, ISO_10367-BOX,
ISO_10367BOX, ISO_11548-, ISO_69372, IT, JIS_C6220--RO,
JIS_C6229--B, JIS_C62201969RO, JIS_C62291984B, JOHAB, JP-OCR-B, JP, JS,
JUS_I.B1., KOI-, KOI-, KOI8-R, KOI8-RU, KOI8-T, KOI8-U, KOI8, KOI8R,
KOI8U, KSC5636, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L10, LATIN-, LATIN-GREEK-,
LATIN-GREEK, LATIN1, LATIN2, LATIN3, LATIN4, LATIN5, LATIN6, LATIN7, LATIN8,
LATIN9, LATIN10, LATINGREEK, LATINGREEK1, MAC-CENTRALEUROPE, MAC-CYRILLIC,
MAC-IS, MAC-SAMI, MAC-UK, MAC, MACCYRILLIC, MACINTOSH, MACIS, MACUK,
MACUKRAINIAN, MIK, MS-ANSI, MS-ARAB, MS-CYRL, MS-EE, MS-GREEK, MS-HEBR,
MS-MAC-CYRILLIC, MS-TURK, MS932, MS936, MSCP949, MSCP1361, MSMACCYRILLIC,
MSZ_7795., MS_KANJI, NAPLPS, NATS-DANO, NATS-SEFI, NATSDANO, NATSSEFI,
NC_NC0010, NC_NC00-, NC_NC00-:, NF_Z_62-, NF_Z_62-010_(),
NF_Z_62-010_1973, NF_Z_62010, NF_Z_62010_1973, NO, NO2, NS_4551-, NS_4551-,
NS_45511, NS_45512, OS2LATIN1, OSF00010001, OSF00010002, OSF00010003,
OSF00010004, OSF00010005, OSF00010006, OSF00010007, OSF00010008, OSF00010009,
OSF0001000A, OSF00010020, OSF00010100, OSF00010101, OSF00010102, OSF00010104,
OSF00010105, OSF00010106, OSF00030010, OSF0004000A, OSF0005000A, OSF05010001,
OSF100201A4, OSF100201A8, OSF100201B5, OSF100201F4, OSF100203B5, OSF1002011C,
OSF1002011D, OSF1002035D, OSF1002035E, OSF1002035F, OSF1002036B, OSF1002037B,
OSF10010001, OSF10010004, OSF10010006, OSF10020025, OSF10020111, OSF10020115,
OSF10020116, OSF10020118, OSF10020122, OSF10020129, OSF10020352, OSF10020354,
OSF10020357, OSF10020359, OSF10020360, OSF10020364, OSF10020365, OSF10020366,
OSF10020367, OSF10020370, OSF10020387, OSF10020388, OSF10020396, OSF10020402,
OSF10020417, PT, PT2, PT154, R8, R9, RK1048, ROMAN8, ROMAN9, RUSCII, SE, SE2,
SEN_850200_B, SEN_850200_C, SHIFT-JIS, SHIFT_JIS, SHIFT_JISX0213, SJIS-OPEN,
SJIS-WIN, SJIS, SS636127, STRK1048-, ST_SEV_358-, T.-8BIT, T.,
T.618BIT, TCVN-, TCVN, TCVN5712-, TCVN5712-:, THAI8, TIS-,
TIS620-, TIS620.-, TIS620.-, TIS620, TS-, TSCII, TURKISH8,
UCS-, UCS-2BE, UCS-2LE, UCS-, UCS-4BE, UCS-4LE, UCS2, UCS4, UHC, UJIS, UK,
UNICODE, UNICODEBIG, UNICODELITTLE, US-ASCII, US, UTF-, UTF-, UTF-,
UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE, UTF-, UTF-32BE, UTF-32LE, UTF7, UTF8, UTF16, UTF16BE,
UTF16LE, UTF32, UTF32BE, UTF32LE, VISCII, WCHAR_T, WIN-SAMI-, WINBALTRIM,
WINDOWS-31J, WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-,
WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-,
WINDOWS-, WINDOWS-, WINSAMI2, WS2, YU
所有编码
2.将文件file1转码,转后文件输出到fil2
模板：iconv -f SrcEncoding -t DestEncoding InputFile -o OutputFile
iconv -f gb2312 -t UTF- file1 -o file2 //没-o那么会输出到标准输出.
模板：iconv -f SrcEncoding -t DestEncoding InputFile -c -o OutputFile
3.从hive中取出的数据是utf8的，要load到mysql中，gbk编码。所以在load之前要先对文件进行转码
mysql_cmd = "iconv -c -f utf-8 -t gbk ./data/al_ver_" + yesterday_time + ".xls -o ./data/GBK_al_ver_" + yesterday_time + ".xls "
print(mysql_cmd)
os.system(mysql_cmd) mysql_cmd = "mysql -h60.28.200.78 -uroot -pyeelion -A LogStat_RT -e \"load data local infile \'./data/GBK_al_ver_" + yesterday_time + ".xls ' into table HiveData_508\""
print(mysql_cmd)
os.system(mysql_cmd)
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