【nginx】root alias 区别，以及server root ， location root 区别

nginx-root-alias-详解

最近在研究前后端分离站点配置在同一域名下，发现root,alias有区别，而且所有的root如果都放置在location下面访问无效的问题，才有此总结，本文只是作者自己的个人见解，非喜勿喷

root , alias 区别

• root的配置 带匹配路径的

location /i/ {
    root /data/w3/;
}
### 如果访问 www.domain.com/i/test.png 最后返回的结果为 /data/w3/i/test.png ,root 配置最后的/要不要都行

• alias的配置 不带匹配路径的，而且最后一定要加/，nginx可以处理多个////为一个/

location /i/ {
    alias /data/w3/;
}
### 如果访问 www.domain.com/i/test.png 最后返回的结果为 /data/w3/test.png ,root 配置最后的/一定是要的，否则返回结果会变成  /data/w3test.png  而返回的404

server root , location root 区别

root 指的是请求的根目录，引用nginx官网的解释：

Sets the root directory for requests . A path to the file is constructed by merely adding a URI to the value of the root directive 翻译：设置请求的根目录，设置的文件路径要加上root后面匹配的URI

Note that the root directive is placed in the server context. Such root directive is used when the location block selected for serving a request does not include own root directive. 如果匹配的location里面没有自己的root指令，才用server里面的root指令

总结：location里面的root优先级高于server

 ### 如果不想使用root的目录转换功能而需要做重定向，应该提取root在location的外面
root   "C:/Users/flint/PhpstormProjects/basic/web/";
location ~ ^/admin/ {
    index  test.php ;
    autoindex  on;
    try_files $uri $uri/ /test.php?$args;
}

贴上完整的 xc.com 站点配置文档 xc.com.conf

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  xc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root   "C:/Users/flint/PhpstormProjects/basic/web/";
        location ~ ^/admin/ {
	    index  test.php ;
            autoindex  on;
	    try_files $uri $uri/ /test.php?$args;
        }

	location / {
	  root   "E:/vue-admin-template/dist";
	  set $cors_origin "";
	  if ($http_origin ~* "^xc.com:9528$") {
	        set $cors_origin $http_origin;
	  }
	  if ($http_origin ~* "^xc.com$") {
	        set $cors_origin $http_origin;
	  }
	  if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin $cors_origin;
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers *;
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods POST,OPTIONS;
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials true;
		return 204;
	  }
	  index  index.html ;
          autoindex  on;
       }

	# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php(.*)$  {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_split_path_info  ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO  $fastcgi_path_info;
            fastcgi_param  PATH_TRANSLATED  $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

    }