安装ssh-batch工具

关于sshbatch

sshbatch是用perl写了非常方便操作管理集群的一个工具，项目的源码在GitHub托管。

关于sshbatch以及其详细的使用方法，春哥在GitHub上介绍的非常详细了，详情可以前往sshbatch主页查询。

安装

源码安装

可以在从GitHub下载源码，并使用源码安装，安装步骤如下

perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
sudo make install

cpan安装

sshbatch是perl语言写，在Perl程序库CPAN里也存在，我们也可以使用cpan命令来快速安装

首先你要确定下你机器上是否有安装了cpan，可以在命令行中直接输入cpan来查看是安装

 $ cpan
 -bash: cpan: command not found

若果出现上面提示，说明机器上还没有安装cpan命令

你可以使用  sudo yum install cpan 进行安装cpan（centos机器安装命令，其他机器使用相应命令下载）

 ➜  ~ cpan
 Terminal does not support AddHistory.

 cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v2.)
 Enter 'h' for help.

 cpan[]>

如果出现以上提示，证明机器上安装了cpan

这时我们就可以使用 sudo cpan SSH::Batch 进行安装sshbatch了

若果sshbatch所以来的包都存在，此时都会出现以下提示

 Running make install
 Installing /usr/local/share/perl5/SSH/Batch.pm
 Installing /usr/local/share/perl5/SSH/Batch/ForNodes.pm
 Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/fornodes.
 Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/key2nodes.
 Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/tonodes.
 Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/atnodes.
 Installing /usr/local/share/man/man3/SSH::Batch::ForNodes.3pm
 Installing /usr/local/share/man/man3/SSH::Batch.3pm
 Installing /usr/local/bin/fornodes
 Installing /usr/local/bin/key2nodes
 Installing /usr/local/bin/tonodes
 Installing /usr/local/bin/atnodes
 Appending installation info to /usr/lib64/perl5/perllocal.pod
   AGENT/SSH-Batch-0.030.tar.gz
   /bin/make install  -- OK

说明我们已经安装成功了，可以拿我们最常用的atnodes命令来测试下是否正确安装(可能由于某种原因你还需要使用绝对路径/usr/local/bin/atnodes来使用atnodes)

 atnodes -h
 USAGE:

     atnodes [OPTIONS] COMMAND... -- HOST_PATTERN... [OPTIONS]
     atnodes [OPTIONS] COMMAND HOST_PATTERN... [OPTIONS]

 OPTIONS:
     -c <num>      Set SSH concurrency limit. (default: ,
                   when -tty is on, this setting will no use)
     -h            Print this help.
     -l            List the hosts and do nothing else.
     -L            Use the line-mode output format, i.e., prefixing
                   every output line with the machine name.
                   (could be controlled by the env SSH_BATCH_LINE_MODE)
     -p <port>     Port for the remote SSH service.
     -ssh <path>   Specify an alternate ssh program.
                   (This overrides the SSH_BATCH_SSH_CMD environment.)
     -t <timeout>  Specify timeout for net traffic.
     -u <user>     User account for SSH login.
     -v            Be verbose.
     -w            Prompt for password (used for both login and sudo,
                   could be privided by SSH_BATCH_PASSWORD).
     -W            Prompt for password (just for sudo),
                   should not be used with -w.
     -P            Prompt for passphrase (used for login,
                   could be privided by SSH_BATCH_PASSPHRASE).
     -tty          Pseudo-tty.
     -q            Run SSH in quiet mode

可见现在我们已经可以正常使用atnodes了

问题列表

可是现实往往不是这样的，无论你是用源码安装还是用cpan安装，你都有可能遇到各种各样的问题，不然你也不会看到这篇文章，下面是我安装时遇到的一些问题，记录下来，方便自己以后安装此工具

问题1

命令

sudo cpan SSH::Batch

问题

 Test Summary Report
 -------------------
 t/atnodes.t        (Wstat:  Tests:  Failed: )
   Failed tests:  , , , , -, , -,
   Non-zero exit status:
 t/fornodes.t       (Wstat:  Tests:  Failed: )
   Failed tests:  , , -, -, , -, -, -
                 -, , , , -
   Non-zero exit status:
 t/tonodes.t        (Wstat:  Tests:  Failed: )
   Failed tests:  , , , , , -, -, , -
                 , -, , -, -, -
   Non-zero exit status:
 Files=, Tests=,   wallclock secs ( 0.06 usr  0.01 sys +  0.94 cusr  0.29 csys =  1.30 CPU)
 Result: FAIL
 Failed / test programs. / subtests failed.
 make: *** [test_dynamic] Error
   AGENT/SSH-Batch-0.030.tar.gz
  dependencies missing (File::HomeDir,Net::OpenSSH); additionally test harness failed
   /bin/make test -- NOT OK
 //hint// to see the cpan-testers results for installing this module, try:
   reports AGENT/SSH-Batch-0.030.tar.gz
 Running make install
   make test had returned bad status, won't install without force

从第19行可以看出，sshbatch依赖的两个包不存在，安装失败，那我们只能缺什么安装什么了，

解决方法

 sudo cpan File::HomeDir
 sudo cpan Net::OpenSSH

问题2

安装File::HomeDir时，提示依赖包File::Which不存在，使用cpan安装File::Which

命令

sudo cpan File::Which

问题

 t/00_diag.t ..... ok
 t/01_compile.t .. ok
 t/02_all.t ...... Can't locate Env.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /root/.cpan/build/File-Which-1.22-7sw4CO/blib/lib /root/.cpan/build/File-Which-1.22-7sw4CO/blib/arch /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at t/02_all.t line 3.
 BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/02_all.t line .
 t/02_all.t ...... Dubious, test returned  (wstat , 0x200)
 No subtests run
 t/03_simple.t ... Can't locate Env.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /root/.cpan/build/File-Which-1.22-7sw4CO/blib/lib /root/.cpan/build/File-Which-1.22-7sw4CO/blib/arch /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at t/03_simple.t line 6.
 BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/03_simple.t line .
 # Looks like your test exited with  before it could output anything.
 t/03_simple.t ... Dubious, test returned  (wstat , 0x200)
 Failed / subtests
 t/04_pwhich.t ... ok

 Test Summary Report
 -------------------
 t/02_all.t    (Wstat:  Tests:  Failed: )
   Non-zero exit status:
   Parse errors: No plan found in TAP output
 t/03_simple.t (Wstat:  Tests:  Failed: )
   Non-zero exit status:
   Parse errors: Bad plan.  You planned  tests but ran .
 Files=, Tests=,   wallclock secs ( 0.02 usr  0.01 sys +  0.28 cusr  0.03 csys =  0.34 CPU)
 Result: FAIL
 Failed / test programs. / subtests failed.
 make: *** [test_dynamic] Error
   PLICEASE/File-Which-1.22.tar.gz
   /bin/make test -- NOT OK
 //hint// to see the cpan-testers results for installing this module, try:
   reports PLICEASE/File-Which-1.22.tar.gz
 Running make install
   make test had returned bad status, won't install without force

解决方法

从Test Summary Report中可以看到（16~21行），这次是由于安装前的test没有全部成功导致的，其中t/02_all.t和t/03_simple.t两个test失败。

从第3行和第7行可以看出我们机器上还是少了点什么？虽然少什么我看不明白，但我会google啊，原来获取Env.pm需要使用perl-Env包

解决办法

sudo yum install perl-Env -y

问题总结

以前没有用过perl也没有使用cpan安装过perl程序，在遇到这个问题时，自己根本没有认真看错误的原因，扫了眼看到了

Parse errors: No plan found in TAP output

以为是这就是根本原因，就使用这个关键字在使用google，自然白忙活一阵，也没有找到解决办法。所以以后要认真看下错误提示，找到根本原因。

问题3

安装完perl-Env后，我们就可以很顺利的把File::HomeDir以及他的依赖程序安装完成，在安装Net::OpenSSH时，又出现一下问题

问题

 t/1_run.t .... Can't locate Digest/MD5.pm in @INC (@INC contains: ./t /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/lib /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/arch /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/lib/Net/OpenSSH.pm line 23.
 BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/lib/Net/OpenSSH.pm line .
 Compilation failed in require at t/1_run.t line .
 BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/1_run.t line .
 t/1_run.t .... Dubious, test returned  (wstat , 0x200)
 No subtests run
 t/quoting.t .. # unable to exec csh -c echo good
 # unable to exec tcsh -c echo good
 # unable to exec ksh -c echo good
 # unable to exec dash -c echo good
 # unable to exec ash -c echo good
 # unable to exec pdksh -c echo good
 # unable to exec mksh -c echo good
 # unable to exec zsh -c echo good
 # unable to exec fish -c echo good
 # running tests for shells sh bash
 t/quoting.t .. ok
 t/uri.t ...... Can't locate Digest/MD5.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/lib /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/arch /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/lib/Net/OpenSSH.pm line 23.
 BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /root/.cpan/build/Net-OpenSSH-0.77-rRapXd/blib/lib/Net/OpenSSH.pm line .
 Compilation failed in require at t/uri.t line .
 BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/uri.t line .
 t/uri.t ...... Dubious, test returned  (wstat , 0x200)
 No subtests run

 Test Summary Report
 -------------------
 t/1_run.t  (Wstat:  Tests:  Failed: )
   Non-zero exit status:
   Parse errors: No plan found in TAP output
 t/uri.t    (Wstat:  Tests:  Failed: )
   Non-zero exit status:
   Parse errors: No plan found in TAP output
 Files=, Tests=,   wallclock secs ( 0.07 usr  0.01 sys +  0.58 cusr  0.67 csys =  1.33 CPU)
 Result: FAIL
 Failed / test programs. / subtests failed.
 make: *** [test_dynamic] Error
   SALVA/Net-OpenSSH-0.77.tar.gz
   /bin/make test -- NOT OK
 //hint// to see the cpan-testers results for installing this module, try:
   reports SALVA/Net-OpenSSH-0.77.tar.gz
 Running make install
   make test had returned bad status, won't install without force

解决办法

跟问题2类似，我们使用强大的google很快就能找到解决方案

sudo yum install perl-Digest-MD5 -y

参考

https://github.com/agentzh/sshbatch

http://blog.51cto.com/wanglq/872463

https://superuser.com/questions/1181310/perl-script-cant-locate-env-pm-in-inc

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34248737/cant-locate-digest-md5-pm-directadmin