50个常用的Linux命令

1.tar

tar -xvf archive_name.tar  解压文件

tar -cvf archive_name.tar file 把文件file压缩成archive_name.tar

tar -tvf archive_name.tar 查看压缩文件

2.grep

grep 'this' demo_file   单个文件
 grep 'this' demo_*     多个文件

grep -i "the" demo_file  忽略大小写

grep "lines.*empty" demo_file

• ? The preceding item is optional and matched at most once.
• * The preceding item will be matched zero or more times.
• + The preceding item will be matched one or more times.
• {n} The preceding item is matched exactly n times.
• {n,} The preceding item is matched n or more times.
• {,m} The preceding item is matched at most m times.
• {n,m} The preceding item is matched at least n times, but not more than m times.

grep -iw "is" demo_file   -w全文本匹配

grep -A 3 -i "example" demo_text  查找example之后，显示符合的后三行，-B之前的前几行，-C 之前之后的几行

grep -r 'py' CEE_api_test

grep -v "go" demo_text    查找不带‘go'的行

$ cat test-file.txt
a
b
c
d
 
$ grep -v -e "a" -e "b" -e "c" test-file.txt
d
 
grep -c "go" demo_text  查找go的个数
6
grep -v -c this demo_file    不包含this的有几行
 
grep -l import *.py   查找以py结尾且包含import的文件
grep -n 'go' demo_text  显示带go的行数

grep -o "is.*line" demo_file  只显示符合查找patten的数据

grep -o -b "3" temp-file.txt
2:3
8:3

https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2009/03/15-practical-unix-grep-command-examples/
 
find -name 'MyCProgram.c'  找到名字为MyCProgram.c的文件
find -iname 'MyCProgram.c'  忽略大小写查找
find / -name passwd 指定路径查找文件
find / -maxdepth 2 -name passwd  最大深度为2级
find / -maxdepth 3 -name passwd  1，2，3级的都显示出来
find -mindepth 3 -maxdepth 5 -name passwd  解释Find the password file between sub-directory level 2 and 4.
find -iname 'MyCProgram.c' -exec md5sum {} \;
find -maxdepth 1 -not -iname 'MyCProgram.c'   查找文件不是MyCProgram.c的文件；

# touch "test-file-name"
# touch "test-file-name "
[Note: There is a space at the end]
# ls -1 test*
test-file-name
test-file-name

# ls -i1 test*
16187429 test-file-name
16187430 test-file-name

find -inum 16187430 -exec mv {} new-test-file-name \;
 
# ls -i1 *test*
16187430 new-test-file-name
16187429 test-file-name

find -inum 16187430 -exec mv {} new-test-file-name \;

find ~ -empty   Find all empty files (zero byte file) in your home directory and its subdirectory

find . -type f -exec ls -s {} \; | sort -n -r | head -5   Finding the Top 5 Big Files

find . -type f -exec ls -s {} \; | sort -n  | head -5   Finding the Top 5 Small Files 

find . -not -empty -type f -exec ls -s {} \; | sort -n  | head -5   other than the ZERO byte files.
 
find . -type s   Find only the socket files.

find . -type d   Find all directories

find . -type f   Find only the normal files

find . -type f -name ".*"   Find all the hidden files

find -type d -name ".*"    Find all the hidden directories

find ~ -size +100M   Find files bigger than the given size，Note: – means less than the give size, + means more than the given size, and no symbol means exact given size.

alias rmao="find . -iname a.out -exec rm {} \;"
rmao

find / -type f -name *.zip -size +100M -exec rm -i {} \;"   The following command removes *.zip files that are over 100M.

文章出处：http://gywbd.github.io/posts/2014/8/50-linux-commands.html