Rhel6-cacti+nagios+ganglia(apache)配置文档

(lamp平台)

系统环境: rhel6 x86_64 iptables and selinux disabled

主机: 192.168.122.119 server19.example.com

192.168.122.7 server7.example.com (注：时间需同步)

相关网址: rpm.pbone.net http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/mrtg/ cacti.net nagios.org https://trac.assembla.com/npc

所需的包:cacti-0.8.8b.tar.gz
cacti-spine-0.8.8b.tar.gz settings-v0.71-1.tgz monitor-v1.3-1.tgz
thold-v0.4.9-3.tgz nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2
nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz gd-devel-2.0.35-10.el6.x86_64.rpm fetion
linuxso_20101113.tar.gz nrpe-2.14.tar.gz ganglia-3.6.0.tar.gz
ganglia-web-3.5.10.tar.gz libconfuse-2.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
libconfuse-devel-2.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
rrdtool-devel-1.3.8-6.el6.x86_64.rpm npc-2.0.4.tar.gz
ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz

1.安装与配置cacti

[root@server19 kernel]# yum install httpd mysql-server php rrdtool -y

[root@server19 kernel]# yum install php-mysql php-xml mysql net-snmp net-snmp-utils.x86_64 -y

[root@server19 kernel]# rpm -ivh php-snmp-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm

中php的版本一致，可以通过rpm -q php查看php的版本.

[root@server19 kernel]# vim /etc/php.ini

safe_mode = Off

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

file_uploads = On

[root@server19 kernel]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

[root@server19 kernel]# mysql_secure_installation (给数据库设置密码)

[root@server19 kernel]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

(注:以下配置可在http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/mrtg/上查看)

#com2sec notConfigUser default public

com2sec local localhost public

com2sec mynetwork 192.168.122.0/24 public

#group notConfigGroup v1 notConfigUser

#group notConfigGroup v2c notConfigUser

group MyRWGroup v1 local

group MyRWGroup v2c local

group MyRWGroup usm local

group MyROGroup v1 mynetwork

group MyROGroup v2c mynetwork

group MyROGroup usm mynetwork

view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1

view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1

view all included .1 80

#access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none

access MyROGroup "" any noauth exact all none none

access MyRWGroup "" any noauth exact all all none

syslocation rhel6.4 (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)

syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)

[root@server19 kernel]# /etc/init.d/snmpd start

[root@server19 kernel]# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex (此命令可在http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/mrtg/上查看)

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 1

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.192.168.122.119 = INTEGER: 2

(出现类似上面的输出为正常)

[root@server19 kernel]# tar zxf cacti-0.8.8b.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/

[root@server19 kernel]# mysqladmin -uroot -pwestos create cacti

[root@server19 kernel]# cd /var/www/html/

[root@server19 html]# ln -s cacti-0.8.8b/ cacti

[root@server19 html]# cd cacti

[root@server19 cacti]# mysql -uroot -pwestos cacti < cacti.sql

[root@server19 cacti]# mysql -uroot -pwestos

mysql> grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by 'cacti';

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> quit

[root@server19 cacti]# cd /var/www/html/cacti/include/

[root@server19 include]# vim config.php

$database_type = "mysql";

$database_default = "cacti";

$database_hostname = "localhost";

$database_username = "cacti";

$database_password = "cacti";

$database_port = "3306";

$database_ssl = false;

$url_path = "/cacti/";

$cacti_session_name = "Cacti";

[root@server19 include]# useradd cacti

[root@server19 include]# chown cacti /var/www/html/cacti-0.8.8b/ -R

[root@server19 include]# su - cacti

[cacti@server19 ~]$ crontab -e

*/5 * * * * php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

[root@server19 include]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

访问server19.example.com/cacti出现如下页面:

注：net-snmp和rrdtool的版本设置需要与本机的版本匹配，可以通过rpm -q net-snmp和rpm -q rrdtool查看版本.

注:第一次登录会强制要求更改密码(初始用户名:admin,密码:admin)

出现类似上面图形说明可以正常采集到数据.

#安装并配置spine

[root@server19
kernel]# yum install net-snmp-devel mysql-devel openssl-devel
dos2unix autoconf automake binutils libtool gcc cpp glibc-headers
kernel-headers glibc-devel -y

中用mariadb替代了mysql,所以需要将mysql-devel换成mariadb-devel.

[root@server19
kernel]# tar zxf cacti-spine-0.8.8b.tar.gz

[root@server19
kernel]# cd cacti-spine-0.8.8b

[root@server19
cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# ./bootstrap

[root@server19
cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# ./configure

[root@server19
cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# make && make install

[root@server19
cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# cd /usr/local/spine/etc/

[root@server19
etc]# cp spine.conf.dist spine.conf

[root@server19
etc]# vim spine.conf

DB_Host
localhost

DB_Database
cacti

DB_User
cacti

DB_Pass
cacti

DB_Port
3306

DB_PreG
1

(注:如果你用的是cacti087g,将DB_PreG配置为0,否则将
DB_PreG配置为1.)

[root@server19
etc]# cp spine.conf /etc/

[root@server19
etc]# /usr/local/spine/bin/spine

PINE:
Using spine config file [spine.conf]

INE:
Version 0.8.8b starting

INE:
Time: 0.1288 s, Threads: 5, Hosts: 2

出现类似以上输出为正确.

选择Settings选项.

选择Paths选项.

如图填写并保存,然后选择Poller选项.

如图选择并保存.

注：观察图像，如果没有出现中断说明spine配置成功.

#安装插件

[root@server19 kernel]# tar zxf settings-v0.71-1.tgz -C /var/www/html/cacti/plugins

[root@server19 kernel]# tar zxf monitor-v1.3-1.tgz -C /var/www/html/cacti/plugins

[root@server19 kernel]# tar zxf thold-v0.4.9-3.tgz -C /var/www/html/cacti/plugins

在Configuration中就会出现Plugin Management这个选项,启动插件.

注：在新版的cacti中已经集成了Plugin Management这个功能，只需将要安装的插件包加压到cacti目录下的plugins目录中，然后在Plugin Management中安装激活即可使用

#配置thold插件进行报警并发送邮件到QQ邮箱

(注:QQ邮箱必须打开POP3/SMTP服务)

选择Setting

选择Mail|DNS

仿照上图进行配置并保存

选择Thresholds

仿照上图进行配置并保存

选择Threshold Templates

仿照上图配置并保存

选择Graph Managerment

按照上图配置

注：配置完毕后在thold选项中可以查看到类似如下内容：

当登录用户数超过上限或者低于下限时将发送警报到QQ邮箱.

#监控远程主机(server7.example.com)

以下步骤在server7上实施：

[root@server7 ~]# yum install net-snmp net-snmp-utils -y

[root@server7 ~]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

(注:以下配置可在http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/mrtg/上查看)

#com2sec notConfigUser default public

com2sec local localhost public

com2sec mynetwork 192.168.122.0/24 public

#group notConfigGroup v1 notConfigUser

#group notConfigGroup v2c notConfigUser

group MyRWGroup v1 local

group MyRWGroup v2c local

group MyRWGroup usm local

group MyROGroup v1 mynetwork

group MyROGroup v2c mynetwork

group MyROGroup usm mynetwork

view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1

view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1

view all included .1 80

#access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none

access MyROGroup "" any noauth exact all none none

access MyRWGroup "" any noauth exact all all none

syslocation rhel6.4 (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)

syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)

[root@server7 ~]# /etc/init.d/snmpd start

[root@server7 ~]# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex(此命令可在http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/mrtg/上查看)

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 1

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.192.168.122.7 = INTEGER: 2

注：出现类似上面输出,说明配置完成.

以下步骤在server19上实施：

[root@server19 kernel]# yum install net-snmp net-snmp-utils -y

[root@server19 kernel]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

(注:以下配置可在http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/mrtg/上查看)

#com2sec notConfigUser default public

com2sec local localhost public

com2sec mynetwork 192.168.122.0/24 public

#group notConfigGroup v1 notConfigUser

#group notConfigGroup v2c notConfigUser

group MyRWGroup v1 local

group MyRWGroup v2c local

group MyRWGroup usm local

group MyROGroup v1 mynetwork

group MyROGroup v2c mynetwork

group MyROGroup usm mynetwork

view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1

view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1

view all included .1 80

#access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none

access MyROGroup "" any noauth exact all none none

access MyRWGroup "" any noauth exact all all none

syslocation rhel6.4 (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)

syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)

[root@server19 kernel]# /etc/init.d/snmpd start

[root@server19 kernel]# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 192.168.122.7 IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex(此命令可在http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/mrtg/上查看)

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 1

IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.192.168.122.7 = INTEGER: 2

选择Devices选项，并选择add设备.

如上图填写并保存.

注：如果需要监控root分区的剩余空间，需要将/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf中的disk / 1000这一行的注释去掉，这样在创建图时才有相应的选项，否则无法监控。

选择所要创建的图.

将新添加的设备加入到树中.

至此cacti的安装及配置完毕！！！

2.安装与配置nagios

[root@server19 kernel]# useradd nagios

[root@server19 kernel]# usermod -G nagios apache(注：通过web更改nagios设置时，需要考虑此权限问题，例如：启动服务通知时)

[root@server19 kernel]# yum localinstall gd-devel-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpm -y

[root@server19 kernel]# tar jxf nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2

[root@server19 kernel]# cd nagios-cn-3.2.3

[root@server19 nagios-cn-3.2.3]# ./configure –enable-embedded-perl

此时会出现如下错误:

Can't locate ExtUtils/Embed.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .).

BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.

Can't locate ExtUtils/Embed.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .).

BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.

creating base/perlxsi.c

Can't locate ExtUtils/Embed.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .).

解决方法如下:

[root@server19
nagios-cn-3.2.3]# yum install perl-ExtUtils-Embed -y

[root@server19
nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make all

[root@server19
nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make install

[root@server19
nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make install-init

[root@server19
nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make install-commandmode

[root@server19
nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make install-config

[root@server19
nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make install-webconf

[root@server19
kernel]# tar zxf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

[root@server19
kernel]# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16

[root@server19
nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# yum install openssl-devel -y

[root@server19
nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# ./configure --enable-extra-opts
--enable-perl-modules --enable-libtap --with-nagios-user=nagios
--with-nagios-group=nagios

[root@server19
nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# make && make install

[root@server19
nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# htpasswd -m
/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

[root@server19
nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/ -R

[root@server19
nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# /etc/init.d/nagios start

[root@server19
nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

访问server19.example.com/nagios并登录（用户名为nagiosadmin）,出现如下页面为成功.（注:记得IP和域名的解析）

#配置nagios监控本机

[root@server19 ~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/

[root@server19 etc]# vim nagios.cfg

#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg

[root@server19 etc]# cd objects/

[root@server19 objects]# cp -p localhost.cfg hosts.cfg

[root@server19 objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define host{

use linux-server

host_name server19.example.com

alias HomeSwitch

address 192.168.122.119

icon_image switch.gif

statusmap_image switch.gd2

2d_coords 100,200

3d_coords 100,200,100

}

define hostgroup{

hostgroup_name linux-servers ;

alias Linux Servers ;

members * ;

}

[root@server19 objects]# cp -p localhost.cfg services.cfg

[root@server19 objects]# vim services.cfg

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 系统负荷检查

alias 负荷检查

members server19.example.com,进程总数,server19.example.com,登录用户数,server19.example.com,根分区,server19.example.com,交换空间利用率

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name *

service_description PING

check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name server19.example.com

service_description 根分区

check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name server19.example.com

service_description 登录用户数

check_command check_local_users!20!50

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name server19.example.com

service_description 进程总数

check_command check_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name server19.example.com

service_description 系统负荷

check_command check_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name server19.example.com

service_description 交换空间利用率

check_command check_local_swap!20!10

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name server19.example.com

service_description SSH

check_command check_tcp!22!1.0!10.0

notifications_enabled 0

}

define service{

use local-service ;

host_name server19.example.com

service_description http

check_command check_http

notifications_enabled 0

}

[root@server19 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg(检测配置是否有错误)

[root@server19 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

访问server19.example.com/nagios

#配置nagios监控远程主机上的服务(以mysql为例)

以下步骤在server7上实施：

[root@server7 kernel]# mysql

mysql> create database nagios;

mysql> grant select on nagios.* to nagios@'192.168.122.119';

mysql> quit

测试:在server19上执行/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mysql -H 192.168.122.7 -u nagios ,若出现类似如下输出说明正常:

Uptime: 9440 Threads: 1 Questions: 42 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second avg: 0.4

以下步骤在server19上实施：

先将
nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2
nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz装上

[root@server19
~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/

[root@server19
objects]# vim commands.cfg

#
'check_mysql'
command definition

define
command{

command_name
check_mysql

ommand_line
$USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u $ARG1$ -d $ARG2$

}

[root@server19
objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define
host{

use
linux-server

host_name
server7.example.com

alias
Mysql
server

address
192.168.122.7

}

[root@server19
objects]# vim services.cfg

define
service{

use
generic-service

host_name
server7.example.com

service_description
MYSQL

check_command
check_mysql!nagios!nagios

}

[root@server19
objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

访问server19.example.com/nagios查看如下图说明配置成功

#配置nagios监控远程主机

以下步骤在server7上实施：

先将nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz装上

[root@server7 kernel]# yum install xinetd -y

[root@server7 kernel]# tar zxf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz

[root@server7 kernel]# cd nrpe-2.14

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# ./configure

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# useradd nagios

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/ -R

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# make all

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# make install-plugin

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# make install-daemon

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# make install-daemon-config

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# make install-xinetd

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe

# default: on

# description: NRPE (Nagios Remote Plugin Executor)

service nrpe

{

flags = REUSE

socket_type = stream

port = 5666

wait = no

user = nagios

group = nagios

server = /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe

server_args = -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg --inetd

log_on_failure += USERID

disable = no

only_from = 192.168.122.119

}

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# vim /etc/services

nrpe 5666/tcp #NRPE

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20

command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

[root@server7 nrpe-2.14]# netstat -antple

tcp 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 0 40011 1407/xinetd

端口

以下步骤在server19上实施：

[root@server19
kernel]# tar zxf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz

[root@server19
kernel]# cd nrpe-2.14

[root@server19
nrpe-2.14]# ./configure

[root@server19
nrpe-2.14]# make all

[root@server19
nrpe-2.14]# make install-plugin

测试：执行/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
-H 192.168.122.7 -c check_disk 若出现如下输出为正常：

DISK
OK - free space: / 3367 MB (77% inode=90%);| /=975MB;3659;4116;0;4574

[root@server19
nrpe-2.14]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/

[root@server19
objects]# vim commands.cfg

#
'check_nrpe' command definition

define
command{

command_name
check_nrpe

command_line
$USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c
$ARG1$

}

[root@server19
objects]# vim services.cfg

define
service{

use
local-service

host_name
server7.example.com

service_description
根分区

check_command
check_nrpe!check_disk

}

define
service{

use
local-service

host_name
server7.example.com

service_description
登录用户数

check_command
check_nrpe!check_users

}

[root@server19
objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v
/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
(检测配置是否有错误)

[root@server19
objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

访问server19.example.com/nagios查看如下图说明配置成功

#配置飞信并与nagios整合

[root@server19 kernel]# mv fetion /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

[root@server19 kernel]# chmod +x /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion

[root@server19 kernel]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion

[root@server19 kernel]# tar zxf linuxso_20101113.tar.gz -C /lib

[root@server19 kernel]# su - nagios

[nagios@server19 ~]$ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion

此时会出现如下错误:

(1)/usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion: error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

(2)/usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion: error while loading shared libraries: libgssapi_krb5.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

(3)/usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion: error while loading shared libraries: libz.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决方法如下:

(1)[root@server19
kernel]# yum install libstdc++.so.6 -y

(2)[root@server19
kernel]# yum install libgssapi_krb5.so.2 -y

(3)[root@server19
kernel]# yum install libz.so.1 -y

注:出现以上输出为正常

测试：[root@server19 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion --mobile=13484476621 --pwd=westos --to=13484476621 --msg-utf8="hello"

图形验证码跟你的fetion脚本在同一个目录下

[root@server19 ~]# su - nagios

[nagios@server19 ~]$ cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

[nagios@server19 libexec]$ vim fetion.sh

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion --mobile=13484476621 --pwd=westos --to="$1" --msg-utf8="$2"

[nagios@server19 libexec]$ chmod +x fetion.sh

测试: [root@server19 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion.sh 13484476621 "hello world"

[nagios@server19 libexec]$ cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/

[nagios@server19 objects]$ vim commands.cfg

# 'notify-host-by-fetion' command definition

define command{

command_name notify-host-by-fetion

command_line $USER1$/fetion.sh $CONTACTPAGER$ "$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$"

}

#
'notify-service-by-fetion'
command definition

define
command{

command_name
notify-service-by-fetion

command_line
$USER1$/fetion.sh
$CONTACTPAGER$ "$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert:
$HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$"

}

[nagios@server19
objects]$ vim templates.cfg

define
contact{

name
generic-contact ;

service_notification_period
24x7 ;

host_notification_period
24x7 ;

service_notification_options
w,u,c,r,f,s ;

host_notification_options
d,u,r,f,s ;

service_notification_commands
notify-service-by-email,notify-service-by-fetion
;

host_notification_commands
notify-host-by-email,notify-host-by-fetion
;

register
0 ;

}

[nagios@server19
objects]$ vim contacts.cfg

define
contact{

contact_name
nagiosadmin ;

use
generic-contact ;

alias
Nagios Admin ;

email
nagios@localhost ;

pager
13484476621 ;

}

[root@server19
objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v
/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg (检测配置是否有错误)

[nagios@server19
objects]$ /etc/init.d/nagios reload

至此nagios的安装及配置完毕！！！

3.安装与配置ganglia

[root@server19 kernel]# yum install rpm-build -y

[root@server19 kernel]# rpmbuild -tb ganglia-3.6.0.tar.gz

此时会出现如下错误：

error: Failed build dependencies:

libart_lgpl-devel is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

gcc-c++ is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

python-devel is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

libconfuse-devel is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

pcre-devel is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

expat-devel is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

rrdtool-devel is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

apr-devel > 1 is needed by ganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64

解决方法如下:

[root@server19 kernel]# yum install libart_lgpl-devel python-devel expat-devel apr-devel pcre-devel gcc-c++ -y

[root@server19 kernel]# rpm -ivh rrdtool-devel-1.3.8-6.el6.x86_64.rpm

[root@server19 kernel]# rpm -ivh libconfuse-*

中由于对服务的管理机制不一样(由systemv到systemd)，所以在直接进行编译(rpmbuild -tb ganglia-3.6.0.tar.gz)时会出现如下错误:

make[2]: *** No rule to make target `gmetad.service.in', needed by `gmetad.service'. Stop.

make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/rpmbuild/BUILD/ganglia-3.6.0/gmetad'

make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1

make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/rpmbuild/BUILD/ganglia-3.6.0'

make: *** [all] Error 2

error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.J7WIYv (%build)

RPM
build errors:

bogus date in %changelog:
Thu Mar 28 2008 Brad Nicholes <bnicholes@novell.com>

bogus date in %changelog:
Wed Jul 10 2007 Bernard Li <bernard@vanhpc.org>

bogus date in %changelog:
Wed Jul 3 2007 Brad Nicholes <bnicholes@novell.com>

bogus date in %changelog:
Wed Jun 14 2007 Brad Nicholes <bnicholes@novell.com>

bogus date in %changelog:
Fri Feb 25 2006 Bernard Li <bli@bcgsc.ca>

Bad exit status from
/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.J7WIYv (%build)

解决方法如下：

[root@server19
kernel]# tar zxf ganglia-3.6.0.tar.gz

[root@server19
kernel]# cd ganglia-3.6.0

[root@server19
ganglia-3.6.0]# vim ganglia.spec (/files)

%files
gmetad

%defattr(-,root,root)

%attr(0755,nobody,nobody)/var/lib/ganglia/

%{_sbindir}/gmetad

/etc/init.d/gmetad

/usr/lib/systemd/system/gmetad.service

%config(noreplace)
/etc/sysconfig/gmetad

%{_mandir}/man1/gmetad*1*

%config(noreplace)
%{conf_dir}/gmetad.conf

…

%files
gmond

%defattr(-,root,root)

%{_bindir}/gmetric

%{_bindir}/gstat

%{_sbindir}/gmond

/etc/init.d/gmond

/usr/lib/systemd/system/gmond.service

%{_mandir}/man1/gmetric.1*

%{_mandir}/man1/gmond.1*

%{_mandir}/man1/gstat.1*

%{_mandir}/man5/gmond.conf.5*

[root@server19
ganglia-3.6.0]# cd gmetad

[root@server19
gmetad]# vim gmetad.service.in

[Unit]

Description=Ganglia
Meta Daemon

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=forking

PIDFile=/run/gmetad.pid

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/gmetad
--pid-file=/run/gmetad.pid

#EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/gmetad

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@server19
gmetad]# cd ../gmond/

[root@server19
gmond]# vim gmond.service.in

[Unit]

Description=Ganglia
Monitor Daemon

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=forking

PIDFile=/run/gmond.pid

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/gmond
--pid-file=/run/gmond.pid

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@server19
gmond]# cd /root/kernel

[root@server19
kernel]# rm -rf ganglia-3.6.0.tar.gz

[root@server19
kernel]# tar zcvf ganglia-3.6.0.tar.gz ganglia-3.6.0/ (重新打包)

[root@server19
kernel]# rpmbuild -tb ganglia-3.6.0.tar.gz

[root@server19
kernel]# cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/

[root@server19
x86_64]# rpm -ivh *

[root@server19
x86_64]# vim /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf

cluster
{

name
= "my
cluster"

owner = "unspecified"

latlong = "unspecified"

url = "unspecified"

}

[root@server19
x86_64]# /etc/init.d/gmetad start

[root@server19
x86_64]# /etc/init.d/gmond start

若配置成功在/var/lib/ganglia/rrds/会自动建立my
cluster和__SummaryInfo__两个文件夹，采集到的信息存储在my
cluster中.

#将ganglia以网页的形式发布

[root@server19
kernel]# rpmbuild -tb ganglia-web-3.5.10.tar.gz

中编译较新版本的ganglia-web时，可能会出现以下错误：

+
cd ganglia-web-3.6.2

+
/usr/bin/chmod -Rf a+rX,u+w,g-w,o-w .

+
/usr/bin/cp /root/apache.conf .

/usr/bin/cp:
cannot stat '/root/apache.conf': No such file or directory

error:
Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.zQclcS (%prep)

解决方法如下:

[root@server19
kernel]# tar zxf ganglia-web-3.6.2.tar.gz

[root@server19
kernel]# cd ganglia-web-3.6.2

[root@server19
ganglia-web-3.6.2]# cp apache.conf /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/

[root@server19
ganglia-web-3.6.2]# cp /root/kernel/ganglia-web-3.6.2.tar.gz
/root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/

[root@server19
ganglia-web-3.6.2]# rpmbuild -bb ganglia-web.spec

[root@server19
kernel]# cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/

[root@server19
noarch]# yum localinstall ganglia-web-3.5.10-1.noarch.rpm -y

中使用较新的ganglia-web时可能出现如下错误：

解决方法如下:

[root@server19 noarch]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/

[root@server19 conf.d]# rm -rf ganglia-web.conf

此时会刷新页面会出现如下错误：

解决方法如下:

[root@server19 conf.d]# chmod 777 /var/lib/ganglia-web/dwoo/*

#配置ganglia监控远程主机并进行分组监控

以下步骤在server19上实施：

[root@server19 ~]# cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/

[root@server19 x86_64]# scp ganglia-gmond-* ganglia-devel-3.6.0-1.x86_64.rpm libganglia-3.6.0-1.x86_64.rpm root@192.168.122.7:~/kernel

[root@server19 x86_64]# vim /etc/ganglia/gmetad.conf

# data_source "my cluster" 10 localhost my.machine.edu:8649 1.2.3.5:8655

# data_source "my grid" 50 1.3.4.7:8655 grid.org:8651 grid-backup.org:8651

# data_source "another source" 1.3.4.7:8655 1.3.4.8

data_source
"webcluster" localhost:8680
192.168.122.7:8680

[root@server19
x86_64]# vim /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf

cluster
{

name = "webcluster"

owner = "unspecified"

latlong = "unspecified"

url = "unspecified"

}

…

udp_send_channel
{

#bind_hostname = yes # Highly recommended, soon to be default.

# This option tells gmond to use a source
address

# that resolves to the machine's hostname.
Without

# this, the metrics may appear to come from any

# interface and the DNS names associated with

# those IPs will be used to create the RRDs.

mcast_join = 239.2.11.71

port = 8680

ttl = 1

}

…

udp_recv_channel
{

mcast_join = 239.2.11.71

port = 8680

bind = 239.2.11.71

retry_bind = true

# Size of the UDP buffer. If you are handling lots of metrics you
really

# should bump it up to e.g. 10MB or even higher.

# buffer = 10485760

}

…

tcp_accept_channel
{

port = 8680

# If you want to gzip XML output

gzip_output = no

}

以下步骤在server7上实施：

[root@server7
~]# cd ~/kernel/

[root@server7
kernel]# rpm -ivh ganglia-gmond-*

此时会出现如下错误：

error:
Failed dependencies:

libconfuse.so.0()(64bit)
is needed by ganglia-gmond-3.6.0-1.x86_64

libganglia-3.6.0.so.0()(64bit)
is needed by ganglia-gmond-3.6.0-1.x86_64

libconfuse.so.0()(64bit)
is needed by ganglia-gmond-modules-python-3.6.0-1.x86_64

解决方法如下：

[root@server7
kernel]# rpm -ivh libconfuse-*

[root@server7
kernel]# rpm -ivh libganglia-3.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm

[root@server7
kernel]# rpm -ivh ganglia-devel-3.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm

此时会出现如下错误：

error:
Failed dependencies:

apr-devel
> 1 is needed by ganglia-devel-3.6.0-1.x86_64

expat-devel
is needed by ganglia-devel-3.6.0-1.x86_64

解决方法如下：

[root@server7
kernel]# yum install apr-devel expat-devel -y

[root@server7
kernel]# vim /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf

cluster
{

name = "webcluster"

owner = "unspecified"

latlong = "unspecified"

url = "unspecified"

}

…

udp_send_channel
{

#bind_hostname = yes # Highly recommended, soon to be default.

# This option tells gmond to use a source
address

# that resolves to the machine's hostname.
Without

# this, the metrics may appear to come from any

# interface and the DNS names associated with

# those IPs will be used to create the RRDs.

mcast_join = 239.2.11.71

port = 8680

ttl = 1

}

…

udp_recv_channel
{

mcast_join = 239.2.11.71

port = 8680

bind = 239.2.11.71

retry_bind = true

# Size of the UDP buffer. If you are handling lots of metrics you
really

# should bump it up to e.g. 10MB or even higher.

# buffer = 10485760

}

…

tcp_accept_channel
{

port = 8680

# If you want to gzip XML output

gzip_output = no

}

[root@server7
kernel]# /etc/init.d/gmond start

若在server19的/var/lib/ganglia/rrds/my\
cluster/ 下出现server7.example.com的目录说明配置成功

注：数据存储在/var/lib/ganglia/rrds中，如果重新配置了组名等信息，需要先暂停gmetad和gmond服务,将/var/lib/ganglia/rrds中的文件全部清空，然后启动服务，让服务自动重新建立数据文件。

至此ganglia的安装及配置完毕！！！

4.将nagios与ganglia整合

[root@server19
~]# find / -name check_ganglia.py

[root@server19
~]# cp /root/rpmbuild/BUILD/ganglia-3.4.0/contrib/check_ganglia.py
/usr/local/nagios/libexec/

[root@server19
~]# chmod +x /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ganglia.py

[root@server19
~]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ganglia.py

[root@server19
~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ganglia.py

if
critical > warning:

if value >= critical:

print "CHECKGANGLIA
CRITICAL: %s is %.2f" % (metric, value)

sys.exit(2)

elif value >= warning:

print
"CHECKGANGLIA WARNING: %s is %.2f" % (metric, value)

sys.exit(1)

else:

print "CHECKGANGLIA
OK: %s is %.2f" % (metric, value)

sys.exit(0)

else:

if critical
>= value:

print "CHECKGANGLIA
CRITICAL: %s is %.2f" % (metric, value)

sys.exit(2)

elif warning
>= value:

print "CHECKGANGLIA
WARNING: %s is %.2f" % (metric, value)

sys.exit(1)

else:

print "CHECKGANGLIA
OK: %s is %.2f" % (metric, value)

sys.exit(0)

测试:

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ganglia.py
-h server7.example.com -m disk_free_percent_rootfs -w 20 -c 10

CHECKGANGLIA
OK:
disk_free_percent_rootfs is 73.57

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ganglia.py
-h server7.example.com -m disk_free_percent_rootfs -w 80 -c 70

CHECKGANGLIA
WARNING: disk_free_percent_rootfs is
73.57

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ganglia.py
-h server7.example.com -m disk_free_percent_rootfs -w 90 -c 80

CHECKGANGLIA CRITICAL:
disk_free_percent_rootfs is 73.57

注：-h后所指定的主机名或IP需要与/var/lib/ganglia/rrds/my
cluster/中的文件夹名称对应

[root@server19
~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/

[root@server19
objects]# vim commands.cfg

#
'check_ganglia'
command definition

define
command{

command_name
check_ganglia

command_line
$USER1$/check_ganglia.py
-h $HOSTNAME$ -m $ARG1$ -w $ARG2$ -c $ARG3$

}

[root@server19
objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define
host{

use
linux-server

host_name
server7.example.com

alias
ganglia
and mysql client

address
192.168.122.7

}

define
hostgroup {

hostgroup_name
ganglia-servers

alias
ganglia-servers

members
server7.example.com

}

[root@server19
objects]# vim templates.cfg

define
service {

use generic-service

name ganglia-service

hostgroup_name
ganglia-servers

service_groups
ganglia-metrics

}

[root@server19
objects]# vim services.cfg

define
servicegroup {

servicegroup_name
ganglia-metrics

alias
ganglia-metrics

}

define
service{

use ganglia-service

service_description
根空闲

check_command
check_ganglia!disk_free_percent_rootfs!20!10

}

define
service{

use ganglia-service

service_description
内存空间

check_command
check_ganglia!mem_free!50000!30000(少于50M警告，少于30M紧急)

}

[root@server19
objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v
/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg (检测配置是否有错误)

[root@server19
objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

访问server19.example.com/nagios出现如下页面说明配置成功.

至此nagios和ganglia整合完毕！！！

5.将nagios与cacti整合

可参考： https://trac.assembla.com/npc

首先确保你的php支持pdo和json模块

[root@server19 kernel]# tar zxf npc-2.0.4.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/cacti/plugins

启动npc插件

选择Setting

选择NPC

如上图配置并保存

[root@server19 kernel]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

broker_module=/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndomod.o config_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

[root@server19 kernel]# tar zxf ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz (ndoutils负责将nagios采集到的数据存到数据库中,通过rrdtool进行绘图)

[root@server19 kernel]# cd ndoutils-1.5.2

[root@server19 ndoutils-1.5.2]# ./configure

[root@server19 ndoutils-1.5.2]# make

[root@server19 ndoutils-1.5.2]# cd src/

[root@server19 src]# cp ndomod-3x.o /usr/local/nagios/bin/ndomod.o

[root@server19 src]# cp ndo2db-3x /usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db

[root@server19 src]# cd ../config

[root@server19 config]# cp ndomod.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

[root@server19 config]# cp ndo2db.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

[root@server19 config]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/bin/ -R

[root@server19 config]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/ -R

[root@server19 config]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/

[root@server19 etc]# vim ndo2db.cfg

ndo2db_user=nagios

ndo2db_group=nagios

#socket_type=unix

socket_type=tcp

socket_name=/usr/local/nagios/var/ndo.sock

tcp_port=5668

db_servertype=mysql

db_host=localhost

db_port=3306

db_name=cacti

db_prefix=npc_

db_user=cacti

db_pass=cacti

max_timedevents_age=1440

max_systemcommands_age=10080

max_servicechecks_age=10080

max_hostchecks_age=10080

max_eventhandlers_age=44640

max_externalcommands_age=44640

debug_level=1

debug_verbosity=1

debug_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/ndo2db.debug

max_debug_file_size=1000000

[root@server19 etc]# vim ndomod.cfg

instance_name=default

output_type=tcpsocket

#output_type=unixsocket

output=127.0.0.1

#output=/usr/local/nagios/var/ndo.sock

tcp_port=5668

output_buffer_items=5000

buffer_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/ndomod.tmp

file_rotation_interval=14400

file_rotation_timeout=60

reconnect_interval=15

reconnect_warning_interval=15

data_processing_options=-1

config_output_options=2

[root@server19 etc]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

[root@server19 etc]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

[root@server19 etc]# ps ax

7877 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db -c /usr/local/nagios/etc

查看到类似如上进程为正常

访问server19.example.com/cacti可在npc下看到如下页面

此时执行cat /var/log/messages可看到如下报错：

Oct 13 15:43:29 server19 ndo2db: mysql_error: 'Unknown column 'long_output' in 'field list''

解决方法如下：

当使用的npc插件版本较低时使用如下sql语句向数据库中添加字段：

[root@server19 kernel]# mysql cacti < add-old.sql

add-old.sql中的内容为:

ALTER TABLE `npc_hostchecks` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER TABLE `npc_hoststatus` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER TABLE `npc_servicechecks` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER TABLE `npc_servicestatus` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER TABLE `npc_statehistory` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER TABLE `npc_eventhandlers` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER TABLE `npc_systemcommands` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER TABLE `npc_notifications` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

当使用的npc插件版本较高时使用如下sql语句向数据库中添加字段：

[root@server19
kernel]# mysql cacti < add-new.sql

add-new.sql中的内容为:

CREATE
TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `npc_service_parentservices` (

`service_parentservice_id`
int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,

`instance_id` smallint(6)
NOT NULL default '0',

`service_id` int(11) NOT
NULL default '0',

`parent_service_object_id`
int(11) NOT NULL default '0',

PRIMARY KEY
(`service_parentservice_id`),

UNIQUE KEY `instance_id`
(`service_id`,`parent_service_object_id`)

)
ENGINE=MyISAM COMMENT='Parent services';

ALTER
TABLE `npc_hostchecks` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_hoststatus` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_servicechecks` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_servicestatus` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_statehistory` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_eventhandlers` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_systemcommands` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_notifications` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT
NULL default '' AFTER `output`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_services` ADD COLUMN `importance` varchar(8192) NOT NULL
default '' AFTER `icon_image_alt`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_contacts` ADD COLUMN `minimum_importance` varchar(8192)
NOT NULL default '' AFTER `notify_host_downtime`;

ALTER
TABLE `npc_hosts` ADD COLUMN `importance` varchar(8192) NOT NULL
default '' AFTER `z_3d`;

访问server19.example.com/cacti能看到如下页面说明配置成功.

至此nagios和cacti整合完毕！！！

监控系统配置完毕！！！