MySQL 50题练习

表名和字段

– 1.学生表

- Student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) –学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别

– 2.课程表

- Course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – –课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号

– 3.教师表

- Teacher(t_id,t_name) –教师编号,教师姓名

– 4.成绩表

- Score(s_id,c_id,s_score) –学生编号,课程编号,分数

• set sql_mode = '';
• set sql_mode = 'NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES';

测试数据

建表

• 学生表
  
  CREATE TABLE Student(
  
  s_id VARCHAR(20),
  
  s_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  
  s_birth VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  
  s_sex VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  
  PRIMARY KEY(s_id)
  
  );

• 课程表
  
  CREATE TABLE Course(
  
  c_id VARCHAR(20),
  
  c_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  
  t_id VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
  
  PRIMARY KEY(c_id)
  
  );

• 教师表
  
  CREATE TABLE Teacher(
  
  t_id VARCHAR(20),
  
  t_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  
  PRIMARY KEY(t_id)
  
  );

• 成绩表
  
  CREATE TABLE Score(
  
  s_id VARCHAR(20),
  
  c_id VARCHAR(20),
  
  s_score INT(3),
  
  PRIMARY KEY(s_id,c_id)
  
  );

• 插入学生表测试数据
  
  insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
  
  insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
  
  insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
  
  insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
  
  insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
  
  insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
  
  insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
  
  insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');

• 课程表测试数据
  
  insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
  
  insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
  
  insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

• 教师表测试数据
  
  insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
  
  insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
  
  insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

• 成绩表测试数据
  
  insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);
  
  insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);
  
  insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);
  
  insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);
  
  insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);
  
  insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);
  
  insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);
  
  insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);
  
  insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);
  
  insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);
  
  insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);
  
  insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);
  
  insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);
  
  insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);
  
  insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);
  
  insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);
  
  insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);
  
  insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);

MySQL50题

• 1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

  • 解法1：分别把课程01的成绩和课程02的成绩查询出来之后再比较
    
    SELECT a.*, d.01_score, d.02_score FROM student a INNER JOIN
    
    (SELECT b.s_id, b.01_score, c.02_score FROM
    
    (SELECT s_id, s_score as 01_score FROM score WHERE c_id='01')b INNER JOIN
    
    (SELECT s_id, s_score as 02_score FROM score WHERE c_id='02')c ON b.s_id=c.s_id
    
    WHERE b.01_score > c.02_score)d ON a.s_id=d.s_id;
  • 解法2：全部查出来多重条件筛选
    
    SELECT a.*, b.s_score as 01_score, c.s_score as 02_score FROM student a, score b, score c
    
    WHERE a.s_id = c.s_id AND
    
    a.s_id = b.s_id AND
    
    b.c_id = '01' AND
    
    c.c_id = '02' AND
    
    b.s_score > c.s_score;
  • 解法3：
    
    select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from
    
    student a
    
    join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01'
    
    left join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' or c.c_id = NULL where b.s_score>c.s_score;

• 2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数

  • 同上题解法

• 3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
  
  SELECT a.s_name, ROUND(AVG(b.s_score), 2) as avg_score
  
  FROM student a JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id
  
  GROUP BY a.s_id
  
  HAVING avg_score >= 60
  
  ORDER BY avg_score DESC;

• 4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩 (包括有成绩的和无成绩的)
  
  SELECT b.s_name, b.s_id, ROUND(SUM(a.s_score)/COUNT(a.c_id),2) as avg_score
  
  FROM score a JOIN student b ON a.s_id=b.s_id
  
  GROUP BY a.s_id HAVING avg_score < 60
  
  UNION SELECT a.s_name, a.s_id, 0 as avg_score FROM student a WHERE a.s_id NOT in (SELECT DISTINCT s_id FROM score);

• 5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩
  
  SELECT a.s_id, a.s_name, COUNT(b.c_id)as sum_course, SUM(b.s_score) as sum_score FROM student a JOIN score b on a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name
  
  UNION SELECT a.s_id, a.s_name, 0 as sum_sourse, 0 as sum_score FROM student a WHERE a.s_id NOT in (SELECT DISTINCT s_id FROM score);

• 6、查询"李"姓老师的数量
  
  SELECT COUNT(t_id) as '李姓老师数量' FROM teacher WHERE t_name LIKE "李%" GROUP BY t_id;

• 7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
  
  SELECT a.* FROM student a, score b, teacher c, course d
  
  WHERE a.s_id=b.s_id AND
  
  b.c_id = d.c_id AND
  
  c.t_id = d.t_id AND
  
  c.t_name = '张三';

• 8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
  
  SELECT a.* FROM student a WHERE a.s_id NOT in (SELECT a.s_id FROM student a, score b, teacher c, course d
  
  WHERE a.s_id=b.s_id AND
  
  b.c_id = d.c_id AND
  
  c.t_id = d.t_id AND
  
  c.t_name = '张三');

• 9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息
  
  SELECT a.* FROM student a JOIN
  
  (SELECT a.s_id FROM (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id='01')a INNER JOIN (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id='02')b on a.s_id=b.s_id)d on a.s_id=d.s_id;

• 10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息
  
  SELECT c.* FROM student c JOIN
  
  (SELECT a.s_id FROM score a WHERE a.c_id='01' AND a.s_id NOT in (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id='02'))d ON c.s_id=d.s_id;

• 11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
  
  SELECT a.*, COUNT(b.c_id) as sum_course FROM student a JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY a.s_id HAVING sum_course < 3;

• 12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息
  
  SELECT DISTINCT a.* FROM student a JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id WHERE b.c_id in
  
  (SELECT c.c_id FROM score c WHERE c.s_id='01');

• 13、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息

  • GROUP_CONCAT(expr) 配合 GROUP BY 可以将同一个分组中产生的值连接起来

• SELECT c.*, d.course FROM student c JOIN
  
  (SELECT a.s_id, a.course FROM
  
  (SELECT s_id, GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) as course FROM score GROUP BY s_id)a JOIN (SELECT s_id, GROUP_CONCAT(c_id) as course FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING s_id='01')b
  
  ON a.course=b.course)d ON c.s_id=d.s_id WHERE c.s_id not in (1);

• 14、查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分： 以如下形式显示：

• 课程 ID，课程 name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率

• 及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90 要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列
  
  SELECT a.c_id, b.c_name, MAX(a.s_score) as max_score, MIN(a.s_score) as min_score, ROUND(AVG(a.s_score), 2) as avg_score, COUNT(a.s_id)as count_stu,
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(SUM(CASE when a.s_score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(), 2)100, '%') as '及格率',
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(SUM(CASE when a.s_score >= 70 and a.s_score < 80 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(), 2)100, '%') as '中等率',
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(SUM(CASE when a.s_score >= 80 and a.s_score < 80 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(),2)100, '%') as '优良率',
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(SUM(CASE when a.s_score >= 90 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(),2)100, '%') as '优秀率'
  
  FROM score a JOIN course b ON a.c_id=b.c_id GROUP BY a.c_id ORDER BY count_stu DESC, a.c_id ASC;

• 15、按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时保留名次空缺

• 15.1 按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时合并名次
  
  select a.s_id,a.c_id,
  
  @i:=@i +1 as i, #保留排名,
  
  @k:=(case when @score=a.s_score then @k else @i end) as rank, #不保留排名,
  
  @score:=a.s_score as score
  
  from (
  
  select s_id,c_id,s_score from score GROUP BY s_id,c_id,s_score ORDER BY s_score DESC
  
  )a,(select @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s;

• 16、查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时保留名次空缺

• 16.1 查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时不保留名次空缺
  
  SELECT a.s_id, a.sum_score,
  
  @i:=@i+1 as i, # 保留排名
  
  @k:=(CASE WHEN @score=a.sum_score THEN @k ELSE @i END) as rank, # 不保留排名
  
  @score:=a.sum_score as score FROM
  
  (SELECT s_id, sum(s_score)as sum_score FROM score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY sum_score DESC)a, (SELECT @k:=0, @i:=0, @score:=0)s;

• 17、统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号，课程名称，[100-85]，[85-70]，[70-60]，[60-0] 及所占百分比
  
  SELECT score.c_id, c_name,
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(sum(CASE WHEN s_score <=100 and s_score>85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(),2)100,'%') as '[100-85]',
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(sum(CASE WHEN s_score <=85 and s_score>70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(),2)100,'%') as '[85-70]',
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(sum(CASE WHEN s_score <=70 and s_score>60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(),2)100,'%') as '[70-60]',
  
  CONCAT(ROUND(sum(CASE WHEN s_score <=60 and s_score>=0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(),2)100,'%') as '[60-0]'
  
  FROM score JOIN course ON score.c_id=course.c_id GROUP BY score.c_id;

• 18、查询各科成绩前三名的记录
  
  (SELECT c_id, s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = '01' ORDER BY s_score DESC LIMIT 3)
  
  UNION (SELECT c_id, s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = '02' ORDER BY s_score DESC LIMIT 3)
  
  UNION (SELECT c_id, s_score FROM score WHERE c_id = '03' ORDER BY s_score DESC LIMIT 3);

• 19、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
  
  SELECT c_id, COUNT(s_id)as sum_stu FROM score GROUP BY c_id;

• 20、查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名
  
  SELECT a.s_id, b.s_name, COUNT(a.c_id)as sum_course FROM score a JOIN student b ON a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY a.s_id HAVING sum_course = 2;

• 21、查询男生、女生人数
  
  SELECT s_sex, COUNT(s_id)as sex_count FROM student GROUP BY s_sex;

• 22、查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息
  
  SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_name LIKE '%风%';

• 23、查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数
  
  SELECT s_name,s_sex, count(*)as '同名人数'
  
  FROM student
  
  GROUP BY s_name,s_sex
  
  HAVING COUNT(*) >1;

• 24、查询 1990 年出生的学生名单
  
  SELECT * FROM student WHERE YEAR(s_birth)='1990';

• 25、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列
  
  SELECT c_id, ROUND(AVG(s_score),2)as avg_score FROM score GROUP BY c_id ORDER BY avg_score DESC, c_id;

• 26、查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
  
  SELECT a.s_id,b.s_name, ROUND(SUM(a.s_score)/COUNT(a.c_id), 2) as avg_score FROM score a JOIN student b on a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY a.s_id ORDER BY avg_score DESC

• 27、查询课程名称为「数学」，且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数
  
  SELECT a.s_id, b.c_name,c.s_name, a.s_score FROM score a JOIN course b on a.c_id=b.c_id JOIN student c ON a.s_id=c.s_id WHERE b.c_name='数学' AND a.s_score < 60;

• 28、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况（存在学生没成绩，没选课的情况）
  
  SELECT * FROM score

• 29、查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的学生姓名、课程名称和分数

  • 取反，先把所有课程成绩在70分以下的学生id找出来(总课程计数和70以下课程计数一样的就是全部课程成绩在70分以下的)，取反就是任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的同学
    
    SELECT d.s_name, f.c_name, e.s_score FROM student d JOIN score e ON d.s_id=e.s_id JOIN course f ON e.c_id = f.c_id WHERE d.s_id NOT in
    
    (SELECT a.s_id FROM
    
    (SELECT s_id, COUNT(c_id)as course_count FROM score GROUP BY s_id)a JOIN
    
    (SELECT s_id, COUNT(c_id)as course_count FROM score WHERE s_score < 70 GROUP BY s_id)b ON (a.course_count=b.course_count and a.s_id=b.s_id));

• 30、查询不及格的课程
  
  SELECT a.s_id,b.s_name, c.c_name, a.s_score FROM score a JOIN student b ON a.s_id=b.s_id JOIN course c ON a.c_id=c.c_id WHERE s_score < 60;

• 31、查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名
  
  SELECT a.s_id, b.s_name, a.c_id,a.s_score FROM score a JOIN student b ON a.s_id=b.s_id WHERE a.c_id='01' AND a.s_score >= 80;

• 32、求每门课程的学生人数
  
  SELECT c_id, COUNT(s_id) as count_stu FROM score GROUP BY c_id;

• 33、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩
  
  SELECT d.*, b.c_name, c.s_score FROM teacher a
  
  JOIN course b ON a.t_id=b.t_id
  
  JOIN score c ON b.c_id=c.c_id
  
  JOIN student d ON c.s_id=d.s_id
  
  WHERE a.t_name='张三' ORDER BY c.s_score DESC LIMIT 1;

• select a.*,b.s_score,b.c_id,c.c_name from student a
  
  LEFT JOIN score b on a.s_id = b.s_id
  
  LEFT JOIN course c on b.c_id=c.c_id
  
  where b.c_id =(select c_id from course c,teacher d where c.t_id=d.t_id and d.t_name='张三')
  
  and b.s_score in (select MAX(s_score) from score where c_id='02')

• 34、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩
  
  select DISTINCT b.s_id,b.c_id,b.s_score from score a,score b where a.c_id != b.c_id and a.s_score = b.s_score;

• 35、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

• 查询两张score表，找出b表中比a表中单科成绩高的计数（双循环比较 O(n^2)），小于等于2那就是找到了前两位
  
  select a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score from score a
  
  where (select COUNT(1) from score b where b.c_id=a.c_id and b.s_score>=a.s_score)<=2 ORDER BY a.c_id;

• 36、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过5人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列
  
  SELECT c_id, COUNT(s_id)as stu_count FROM score GROUP BY c_id HAVING stu_count > 5 ORDER BY stu_count DESC, c_id;

• 37、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
  
  SELECT s_id, COUNT(c_id)as course_count FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING course_count >= 2;

• 38、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息
  
  SELECT b.*,COUNT(a.c_id) as course_count FROM score a JOIN student b ON a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY a.s_id HAVING course_count=(SELECT COUNT(c_id) FROM course);

• 39、查询各学生的年龄

  • 按照出生日期来算，当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则，年龄减一

• SELECT s_name, s_birth, (DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(),'%Y')-DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%Y') -
  
  (CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(),'%m%d') > DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%m%d')THEN 0 ELSE 1 END ))as age FROM student;

• 40、查询本周过生日的学生
  
  SELECT s_name FROM student WHERE WEEK(CURDATE()) = WEEK(s_birth);

• 41、查询下周过生日的学生
  
  SELECT s_name FROM student WHERE WEEK(CURDATE())+1 = WEEK(s_birth);

• 42、查询本月过生日的学生
  
  SELECT s_name FROM student WHERE MONTH(CURDATE()) = MONTH(s_birth)

• 43、查询本月过生日的学生
  
  SELECT s_name FROM student WHERE MONTH(CURDATE())+1 = MONTH(s_birth)