Python-气象-大气科学-可视化绘图系列（一）——利用xarray读取netCDF文件并画图（代码+示例）

本文原创链接：https:////www.cnblogs.com/zhanling/p/12192978.html
 
 1 import numpy as np
 import xarray as xr
 import cartopy.crs as ccrs
 import cartopy.feature as cfeat
 from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
 ds = xr.open_dataset('2039071310.003.nc')
 t =  ds['value']
 lons = ds.lon.data
 lats = ds.lat.data
 temp = xr.DataArray(t.data.T, coords=[lats,lons], dims=['latitude','longitude'])
 
 # 创建画图空间
 proj = ccrs.PlateCarree()  #创建投影
 fig = plt.figure(figsize=(16,9))  #创建页面
 ax = fig.subplots(1, 1, subplot_kw={'projection': proj})  #子图
 # 设置地图属性:加载国界、海岸线、河流、湖泊
 ax.add_feature(cfeat.BORDERS.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.8, zorder=1)
 ax.add_feature(cfeat.COASTLINE.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.6, zorder=1)
 ax.add_feature(cfeat.RIVERS.with_scale('50m'), zorder=1)
 ax.add_feature(cfeat.LAKES.with_scale('50m'), zorder=1)
 # 设置网格点属性
 gl = ax.gridlines(crs=ccrs.PlateCarree(), draw_labels=True,
   linewidth=1.2, color='k', alpha=0.5, linestyle='--')
 gl.xlabels_top = False  #关闭顶端标签
 gl.ylabels_right = False  #关闭右侧标签
 gl.xformatter = LONGITUDE_FORMATTER  #x轴设为经度格式
 gl.yformatter = LATITUDE_FORMATTER  #y轴设为纬度格式
 # 设置colorbar
 cbar_kwargs = {
    'orientation': 'horizontal',
    'label': 'Potential',
    'shrink': 0.8,
 }
 # 画图
 levels = np.arange(0,1,0.1)
 temp.plot.contourf(ax=ax, levels=levels, cmap='Spectral_r',
     cbar_kwargs=cbar_kwargs, transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
 plt.savefig('test.jpg')

示例效果（强对流概率预报结果）：