VM Workstation 虚拟机下如何安装VMtools

不同版本Linux原理类似，这里以Debian为例。

1 根据提示点击Install Tools，CDROM中出现VmwareTools的安装包，在你的主文件夹下新建一个文件夹（随便叫什么都行，我新建了一个软件文件夹），复制进去，再右击解压缩。（我在虚拟机中右键不好用，鼠标还没移动到"解压缩到此处"就自动点击第一个新建文件夹了，我右击之后按上下箭头，然后按回车搞定的）

 

2 打开一个终端，我们要定位到刚才解压的目录下（命令很像DOS）

cd /：指进入根目录

ls：指列出该目录下所有文件

cd home：再进入home目录

ls：再列举home目录下所有文件

……

进入了vmware-tools-distrib目录（注意，很长的路径你不需要完全打出来，你敲代码的时候，按cd vm，然后按Tab可以自动补全）

 

3 马上要安装软件了，先获取root权限。

输入su root，回车

输入root账户的密码，再回车

发现命令前面的$变成了#，表示已经是root权限

 

4为了保险起见，现在做一个快照好了，因为待会儿如果VM Tools安装失败了，直接回到这里再试，就不用重复前面的操作了。

 

5 开始正式安装

输入./vmware-install.pl（注意同样不需要一个字母一个字母敲，敲到./vm的时候按Tab就可以自动补全了）

接下来会弹出一系列问题（In which directory……？）,不管他提示什么问题，直接按回车就可以了（就跟Windows安装软件的猛点下一步一样如果提示Is it what you want?[yes]你就输入yes之后回车，反正不是回车就是yes+回车）

 

6 安装完成之后需要重启。从下图可以发现已经支持拖拽了。

 

注意，有些系统默认没有安装GCC之类的编译器，所以安装VMTools过程中会报错，笔者在安装CentOS的时候就碰到了这个问题。

Searching for GCC...

The path "" is not valid path to the gcc binary.

Searching for a valid kernel header path...

The path "" is not valid.

 

解决办法是在终端中输入如下命令，将编译环境一次装好（需要联网下载这些包，有好几十兆，网速差的得等好久了，或者又牵扯到软件源，需要改变一下软件源才能快点下载）：

yum install gcc gcc-c++ automake make

 

最后附上在Debian上完整的安装过程代码。

ace@debian:~$ cd /

ace@debian:/$ ls

bin dev initrd.img media proc selinux tmp vmlinuz

boot etc lib mnt root srv usr

cdrom home lost+found opt sbin sys var

ace@debian:/$ cd home

ace@debian:/home$ ls

ace

ace@debian:/home$ cd ace

ace@debian:~$ ls

Desktop 软件

ace@debian:~$ cd 软件

ace@debian:~/软件$ ls

VMwareTools-8.4.2-261024.tar.gz vmware-tools-distrib

ace@debian:~/软件$ cd vmware-tools-distrib/

ace@debian:~/软件/vmware-tools-distrib$ ls

bin doc etc FILES INSTALL installer lib vmware-install.pl

ace@debian:~/软件/vmware-tools-distrib$ su root

密码：

debian:/home/ace/软件/vmware-tools-distrib# ./vmware-install.pl

Creating a new VMware Tools installer database using the tar4 format.

 

Installing VMware Tools.

 

In which directory do you want to install the binary files?

[/usr/bin]

 

What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?

[/etc]

 

What is the directory that contains the init scripts?

[/etc/init.d]

 

In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?

[/usr/sbin]

 

In which directory do you want to install the library files?

[/usr/lib/vmware-tools]

 

The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is

going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?

[yes] yes

 

In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?

[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]

 

The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program

is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you

want? [yes] yes

 

The installation of VMware Tools 8.4.2 build-261024 for Linux completed

successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any

time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".

 

Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by

invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want

this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes] yes

 

Initializing...

 

 

Stopping VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:

Guest operating system daemon: done

Virtual Printing daemon: done

Unmounting HGFS shares: done

Guest filesystem driver: done

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for vmmemctl. Installing it...

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for vmhgfs. Installing it...

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for vmxnet. Installing it...

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for vmblock. Installing it...

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for vmci. Installing it...

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for vsock. Installing it...

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for vmxnet3. Installing it...

 

 

Found a compatible pre-built module for pvscsi. Installing it...

 

 

 

 

Detected X.org version 7.3.2.

 

 

Host resolution detected as "1280 x 800".

 

 

Please choose one of the following display sizes that X will start with:

 

[1] "320x200"

[2] "320x240"

[3] "400x300"

[4] "512x384"

[5] "640x400"

[6] "640x480"

[7] "720x480"

[8] "800x480"

[9] "854x480"

[10] "720x576"

[11] "800x600"

[12]< "1024x768"

Please enter a number between 1 and 12:

 

[12] 12

 

 

X.Org X Server 1.4.2

Release Date: 11 June 2008

X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0

Build Operating System: Linux Debian (xorg-server 2:1.4.2-10)

Current Operating System: Linux debian 2.6.26-1-686 #1 SMP Sat Jan 10 18:29:31 UTC 2009 i686

Build Date: 09 January 2009 02:57:16AM

 

    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org

    to make sure that you have the latest version.

Module Loader present

Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,

    (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,

    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.

(++) Log file: "/tmp/vmware-config0/XF86ConfigLog.3656", Time: Wed May 9 19:00:18 2012

(++) Using config file: "/tmp/vmware-config0/XF86Config.3656"

(II) Module "ramdac" already built-in

 

X is running fine with the new config file.

 

FreeFontPath: FPE "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc" refcount is 2, should be 1; fixing.

Creating a new initrd boot image for the kernel.

update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.26-1-686

Checking acpi hot plug done

Starting VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:

Switching to guest configuration: done

Paravirtual SCSI module: done

Guest filesystem driver: done

Mounting HGFS shares: failed

Guest memory manager: done

Guest vmxnet fast network device: done

VM communication interface: done

VM communication interface socket family: done

Blocking file system: done

Guest operating system daemon: done

Virtual Printing daemon: done

 

The configuration of VMware Tools 8.4.2 build-261024 for Linux for this running

kernel completed successfully.

 

You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take

effect.

 

You can now run VMware Tools by invoking "/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox-cmd" from the

command line or by invoking "/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox" from the command line

during an X server session.

 

To enable advanced X features (e.g., guest resolution fit, drag and drop, and

file and text copy/paste), you will need to do one (or more) of the following:

1. Manually start /usr/bin/vmware-user

2. Log out and log back into your desktop session; and,

3. Restart your X session.

 

To use the vmxnet driver, restart networking using the following commands:

/etc/init.d/networking stop

rmmod pcnet32

rmmod vmxnet

modprobe vmxnet

/etc/init.d/networking start

 

Enjoy,

 

--the VMware team

 

Found VMware Tools CDROM mounted at /media/cdrom0. Ejecting device /dev/hdc ...