SFTP客户端代码示例

参考链接：SFTP客户端代码示例

操作系统：Windows7/8，VS2013

环境：libssh2 1.4.3、zlib-1.2.8、openssl-1.0.1g

原文：

“从http://www.libssh2.org/下载libssh2-1.4.3.tar.gz文件，解压后打开libssh2.dsw文件升级项目到VisualStudio 2013，里面有两个项目，只要编译libssh2项目就可以了。编译前需要添加zlib和openssl的头文件和库文件链接位置，如果编译libssh2提示找不到msvcrt.lib，为链接库添加下面的路径

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft VisualStudio 12.0\VC\lib

提示找不到ws2_32.lib或odbc32.lib，添加下面的链接路径

C:\Program Files (x86)\MicrosoftSDKs\Windows\v7.1A\Lib

编译通过后文件输出到\libssh2-1.4.3\win32\Release_lib路径下”

更新：

http://www.libssh2.org/网址访问不通，故换个方式下载了libssh2-1.4.3.tar.gz文件，下载地址：百度网盘（密码：2hwo）

libssh2.dsw文件位置：\libssh2-1.4.3\libssh2-1.4.3\win32

zlib的头文件是zlib.h，库文件是：zlib.lib

openssl的头文件是：opensslconf.h，库文件是：libeay32.lib，ssleay32.lib

zlib的头文件（zlib.h）位置：\libssh2-1.4.3\zte\zlib-1.2.5，库文件（zlib.lib）位置：\libssh2-1.4.3\zte\openssl-1.0.0b staticlib\Debug

openssl头文件（opensslconf.h）位置：\libssh2-1.4.3\zte\openssl-1.0.1l\include\openssl，库文件（libeay32.lib，ssleay32.lib）位置：\libssh2-1.4.3\zte\openssl-1.0.0b staticlib\Debug

分两个步骤：

1.先编译输出libssh2.lib

（1）配置好zlib和openssl的头文件和库文件链接位置后，编译libssh2项目即可，这时可以把tests项目卸载，反正用不到嘛；

编译成功后，输出libssh2.lib到\libssh2-1.4.3\win32\Release_lib路径下，（ps:我这里生成的是libssh2d.lib，我把文件名改为libssh2.lib后可以正常使用）

2.执行客户端，进行下载图片；

新建个项目，把下文三个文件拷贝到项目中，配置libssh2.h，libssh2.lib链接位置后，即可执行成功；

注意：路径及文件名不能含有中文，否则会报错；

下面是SFTP客户端示例代码：

三个文件的下载地址：百度网盘（密码：1qhf）

main.cpp

 #include "SFTP_Libssh2.h"
 #include <iostream>

 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     //下面的代码只要在进程初始化的时候执行
     kagula::network::SFTP_Init();

     //测试SFTP链接
     kagula::network::SFTP_Libssh2* client = kagula::network::SFTP_Libssh2::Inst();
     std::string ip = "192.168.19.130";
     uint16_t port = ;
     std::string usr = "kagula";
     std::string pwd = "";
     if (false == client->IsAbilityConn(ip, port, usr, pwd))
     {
         std::cout << client->strLastError << std::endl;
         return -;
     }

     //测试文件上传,d:\\temp\\a.html
     if ( != client->upload(ip, , usr, pwd, "d:\\temp\\a.html", "/home/kagula/a.html"))
     {
         std::cout << "Error:" << client->strLastError << std::endl;
     } else
     {
         std::cout << client->strLastError << std::endl;
     }

     //测试文件下载
     if ( != client->download(ip, , usr, pwd, "/home/kagula/a.html","d:\\temp\\b.html" ))
     {
         std::cout << "Error:" << client->strLastError << std::endl;
     }
     else
     {
         std::cout << client->strLastError << std::endl;
     }

     //进程准备结束，释放资源的时候，运行下面的代码
     kagula::network::SFTP_Exit();
     return ;
 }

SFTP_Libssh2.h

 #pragma once

 #include <string>
 #include <atomic>

 /*
 功能：SFTP协议的文件传输功能
 最后更新日期：2014-5-17
 简介：借助Libssh2库很容易实现sftp,ssh2客户端，这里给出
       如何实现Sftp客户端的代码
 测试环境:Windows 8.1 64bit、Visual Studio 2013 Professional SP1
        OpenSSL 1.0.1g、zlib-1.2.8、libssh2  1.4.3
        Win32控制台项目
 注意：动态链接需要把“libssh2.dll”文件复制到当前项目路径下
 说明：原来的代码支持多线程，从应用程序抽出来的时候简化了，
      你可以修改代码使它同时支持上传或下载多个文件。
 建议:[1]第三方库直接下载源代码自己编译免得库由于编译器版本的
      不同或设置的不同链接的时候一大堆麻烦。
      [2]读懂代码根据项目需求作相应修改
 补充阅读资料：
 《使用libssh2库实现支持密码参数的ssh2客户端》
 http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-24382173-id-229823.html
 */
 namespace kagula {
     namespace network {
         int SFTP_Init();
         void SFTP_Exit();

         class SFTP_BKCall
         {
         public:
             /* progress返回值范围[0.0,1.0] */
             virtual void OnProgress(float progress) = ;
         };

         class SFTP_Libssh2
         {
         public:
             static SFTP_Libssh2* Inst()
             {
                 static SFTP_Libssh2 inst;

                 return &inst;
             }

             /*
             入口参数使用说明
             ip:      就填一个IP地址就好了，例如“127.0.0.1”。
             port: 端口，SFTP服务器默认端口为22。
             username:
             password:
             sftppath: 远程路径“/”开头 ，例如“/a.jpg”
             localpath: 本地路径，例如“d:\\temp\\test.jpg”
             strLastError: 错误信息
             出口参数
             返回不等于零，代表失败！
             */
             int upload(std::string ip, unsigned short port, std::string username,
                 std::string password, std::string localpath, std::string remotepath);
             int download(std::string ip, unsigned short port, std::string username,
                 std::string password, std::string sftppath, std::string localpath);

             //测试SFTP服务器是否可以链接
             bool IsAbilityConn(std::string ip, unsigned short port, std::string username,
                 std::string password);

             //设置回掉函数
             void SetBKCall(SFTP_BKCall *bkCall)    { m_bkCall = bkCall; }

             //存放最近的错误信息
             std::string   strLastError;

             //用于停止当前上传或下载线程
             void stop() { m_isBreak.store(true); }
         private:
             SFTP_Libssh2() :m_bkCall(NULL) { m_isBreak.store(false); };//防止直接初始化
             SFTP_Libssh2(const SFTP_Libssh2&);                 //防止拷贝复制
             SFTP_Libssh2& operator=(const SFTP_Libssh2&);      //防止分配(运算符函数的调用)

             SFTP_BKCall  *m_bkCall;
             std::atomic_bool m_isBreak; //带读写保护的bool值
         };
     }
 }

SFTP_Libssh2.cpp

 //SFTP_Libssh2.cpp文件清单
 #include "SFTP_Libssh2.h"

 #include <libssh2.h>
 #include <libssh2_sftp.h>

 #ifdef HAVE_WINSOCK2_H
 #include <winsock2.h>
 #endif
 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #endif
 #ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #endif
 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 #ifdef HAVE_ARPA_INET_H
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #endif
 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #endif

 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <ctype.h>

 #include <sstream>
 #include <iomanip>

 #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

 #pragma comment(lib, "libeay32.lib")
 #pragma comment(lib, "libssh2.lib")  

 namespace kagula {
     namespace network
     {
         //初始化进程的时候调用
         //如果非0表示初始化失败！
         int SFTP_Init()
         {
             WSADATA wsadata;
             int rc = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(, ), &wsadata);
             if (rc != ) {
                 return rc;
             }

             rc = libssh2_init();

             return rc;
         }

         //进程结束的时候调用
         void SFTP_Exit()
         {
             libssh2_exit();

             WSACleanup();
         }

         bool SFTP_Libssh2::IsAbilityConn(std::string ip, unsigned short port, std::string username,
             std::string password)
         {
             unsigned long hostaddr;
             struct sockaddr_in sin;
             const char *fingerprint;
             LIBSSH2_SESSION *session;
             int rc;
             bool bR = false;
             FILE *local;
             LIBSSH2_SFTP *sftp_session;
             LIBSSH2_SFTP_HANDLE *sftp_handle;

             hostaddr = inet_addr(ip.c_str());//hostaddr = htonl(0x7F000001);

             //新建连接
             int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, );

             sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
             sin.sin_port = htons(port);
             sin.sin_addr.s_addr = hostaddr;
             if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)(&sin),
                 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) != ) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "]failed to connect" << ip << "!" << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 return bR;
             }

             //新建对话实例
             session = libssh2_session_init();
             if (!session)
             {
                 closesocket(sock);
                 return bR;
             }

             //设置调用阻塞
             libssh2_session_set_blocking(session, );

             //进行握手
             rc = libssh2_session_handshake(session, sock);
             if (rc) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "]Failure establishing SSH session: " << rc << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 libssh2_session_free(session); closesocket(sock);
                 return bR;
             }

             //检查主机指纹
             std::ostringstream ostr;
             fingerprint = libssh2_hostkey_hash(session, LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA1);
             ostr << "Fingerprint: ";
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++) {
                 unsigned char c = fingerprint[i];
                 int nT = c;
                 ostr << std::hex << std::setw() << std::setfill('') << nT;
             }
             strLastError = ostr.str();

             //通过密码验证登陆用户身份
             if (libssh2_userauth_password(session, username.c_str(), password.c_str())) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "]Authentication by password failed." << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();
                 goto shutdown;
             }

             sftp_session = libssh2_sftp_init(session);

             if (!sftp_session) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "]Unable to init SFTP session " << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 goto shutdown;
             }

             bR = true;

             libssh2_sftp_shutdown(sftp_session);

         shutdown:
             libssh2_session_disconnect(session,
                 "Normal Shutdown, Thank you for playing");
             libssh2_session_free(session);
             closesocket(sock);
             return bR;
         }

         /*
         源码参考地址
         http://www.libssh2.org/examples/sftp_write.html
         */
         int SFTP_Libssh2::upload(std::string ip, unsigned short port, std::string username, std::string password,
             std::string localpath, std::string remotepath)
         {
             if (ip.length()< || username.length()< || password.length()< || localpath.length()< || remotepath.length()<)
             {
                 return -;
             }

             int nR = ;
             unsigned long hostaddr;
             struct sockaddr_in sin;
             const char *fingerprint;
             LIBSSH2_SESSION *session;
             int rc = -;
             FILE *local = NULL;
             LIBSSH2_SFTP *sftp_session;
             LIBSSH2_SFTP_HANDLE *sftp_handle;

             hostaddr = inet_addr(ip.c_str());//hostaddr = htonl(0x7F000001);

             if (fopen_s(&local, localpath.c_str(), "rb") != ) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "]Can't open local file " << localpath << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 return -;
             }

             //取待上传文件整个size.
             fseek(local, , SEEK_END);
             size_t filesize = ftell(local);//local file大小，在readFromDisk中被引用
             fseek(local, , SEEK_SET);//文件指针重置到文件头

             //新建连接
             int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, );

             sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
             sin.sin_port = htons(port);
             sin.sin_addr.s_addr = hostaddr;
             if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)(&sin),
                 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) != ) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] failed to connect " << ip << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 fclose(local);
                 return -;
             }

             //创建会话实例
             session = libssh2_session_init();
             if (!session)
             {
                 fclose(local); closesocket(sock);
                 return -;
             }

             //阻塞方式调用libssh2
             libssh2_session_set_blocking(session, );

             //进行握手
             rc = libssh2_session_handshake(session, sock);
             if (rc) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] Failure establishing SSH session:" << rc << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 fclose(local); libssh2_session_free(session); closesocket(sock);
                 return -;
             }

             //获取主机指纹
             std::ostringstream ostr;
             fingerprint = libssh2_hostkey_hash(session, LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA1);
             ostr << "Fingerprint: ";
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++) {
                 unsigned char c = fingerprint[i];
                 int nT = c;//这样转是为了防止符号位扩展
                 ostr << std::hex << std::setw() << std::setfill('') << nT;
             }
             strLastError = ostr.str();

             //通过密码验证
             if (libssh2_userauth_password(session, username.c_str(), password.c_str())) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] Authentication by password failed ["
                     << username << "][" << password << "]" << rc << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 goto shutdown;
             }

             sftp_session = libssh2_sftp_init(session);

             if (!sftp_session) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] Unable to init SFTP session" << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 goto shutdown;
             }

             //向SFTP服务器发出新建文件请求
             sftp_handle =
                 libssh2_sftp_open(sftp_session, remotepath.c_str(),
                 LIBSSH2_FXF_WRITE | LIBSSH2_FXF_CREAT | LIBSSH2_FXF_TRUNC,
                 LIBSSH2_SFTP_S_IRUSR | LIBSSH2_SFTP_S_IWUSR |
                 LIBSSH2_SFTP_S_IRGRP | LIBSSH2_SFTP_S_IROTH);

             if (!sftp_handle) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] Unable to open file with SFTP.  ip="
                     << ip <<"] remotepath=[" << remotepath << "]" << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 nR = -;

                 goto shutdown;
             }

             char mem[ * ];
             size_t nread;
             char *ptr;
             size_t count = ;

             do {
                 nread = fread(mem, , sizeof(mem), local);
                 if (nread <= ) {
                     //到达文件尾部
                     break;
                 }
                 ptr = mem;
                 do {
                     // 向服务器写数据，直到数据写完毕
                     rc = libssh2_sftp_write(sftp_handle, ptr, nread);
                     if (rc < )
                         break;
                     ptr += rc; count += nread;
                     nread -= rc;

                     //如果设置了回调，进行回调
                     if (m_bkCall)
                     {
                         float p = count / (float)filesize;
                         m_bkCall->OnProgress(p);
                     }
                     //callback.end
                 } while (nread);

                 if ( m_isBreak.load() == true )
                 {
                     std::ostringstream ostr;
                     ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 上传文件任务被用户break!" << std::endl;
                     strLastError = ostr.str();

                     nR = -;
                     break;
                 }
             } while (rc > );

             libssh2_sftp_close(sftp_handle);
             libssh2_sftp_shutdown(sftp_session);

         shutdown:
             libssh2_session_disconnect(session,
                 "Normal Shutdown, Thank you for playing");
             libssh2_session_free(session);

             closesocket(sock);

             fclose(local);

             return nR;//返回“0”表示成功
         }

         /*
         源码参考地址
         http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_12_10717
         */
         int SFTP_Libssh2::download(std::string ip, unsigned short port, std::string username, std::string password,
             std::string sftppath, std::string localpath)
         {
             unsigned long hostaddr;
             int sock, i, auth_pw = ;
             struct sockaddr_in sin;
             const char *fingerprint;
             char *userauthlist;
             LIBSSH2_SESSION *session;
             int rc;
             LIBSSH2_SFTP *sftp_session;
             LIBSSH2_SFTP_HANDLE *sftp_handle;

             hostaddr = inet_addr(ip.c_str()); //hostaddr = htonl(0x7F000001);

             /*
             * The application code is responsible for creating the socket
             * and establishing the connection
             */
             sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, );

             sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
             sin.sin_port = htons(port);
             sin.sin_addr.s_addr = hostaddr;
             if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)(&sin),
                 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) != ) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 连接失败!" << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();
                 return -;
             }

             /* Create a session instance
             */
             session = libssh2_session_init();

             if (!session)
                 return -;

             /* Since we have set non-blocking, tell libssh2 we are blocking */
             libssh2_session_set_blocking(session, );

             /* ... start it up. This will trade welcome banners, exchange keys,
             * and setup crypto, compression, and MAC layers
             */
             rc = libssh2_session_handshake(session, sock);

             if (rc) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 建立SSH会话失败" << rc << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 return -;
             }

             /* At this point we havn't yet authenticated.  The first thing to do
             * is check the hostkey's fingerprint against our known hosts Your app
             * may have it hard coded, may go to a file, may present it to the
             * user, that's your call
             */
             fingerprint = libssh2_hostkey_hash(session, LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA1);

             std::ostringstream ostr;
             fingerprint = libssh2_hostkey_hash(session, LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA1);
             ostr << "Fingerprint: ";
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++) {
                 unsigned char c = fingerprint[i];
                 int nT = c;
                 ostr << std::hex << std::setw() << std::setfill('') << nT;
             }
             strLastError = ostr.str();

             /* check what authentication methods are available */
             userauthlist = libssh2_userauth_list(session, username.c_str(), username.length());
             if (strstr(userauthlist, "password") == NULL)
             {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 服务器不支持输入password方式验证!" << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();
                 goto shutdown;
             }

             /* We could authenticate via password */
             if (libssh2_userauth_password(session, username.c_str(), password.c_str())) {

                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 密码错误!" << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();
                 goto shutdown;
             }

             sftp_session = libssh2_sftp_init(session);
             if (!sftp_session) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 初始化FTL对话失败!" << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();
                 goto shutdown;
             }

             /* Request a file via SFTP */
             sftp_handle =
                 libssh2_sftp_open(sftp_session, sftppath.c_str(), LIBSSH2_FXF_READ, );

             if (!sftp_handle) {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 打开文件失败! " << libssh2_sftp_last_error(sftp_session) << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();

                 goto shutdown;
             }

             FILE *stream;
             if (fopen_s(&stream, localpath.c_str(), "wb") == )
             {
                 do {
                     char mem[];

                     /* loop until we fail */
                     rc = libssh2_sftp_read(sftp_handle, mem, sizeof(mem));

                     if (rc > ) {
                         //从内存到磁盘
                         fwrite(mem, , rc, stream);
                     }
                     else {
                         break;
                     }
                 } while ();

                 fclose(stream);
             }
             else {
                 std::ostringstream ostr;
                 ostr << "[" << __FILE__ << "][" << __LINE__ << "] 新建本地文件失败 " << localpath << std::endl;
                 strLastError = ostr.str();
             }

             libssh2_sftp_close(sftp_handle);

             libssh2_sftp_shutdown(sftp_session);

         shutdown:

             libssh2_session_disconnect(session, "Normal Shutdown, Thank you for playing");
             libssh2_session_free(session);

             closesocket(sock);//INVALID_SOCKET

             return ;
         }
     }
 }

根据上述环境编译成功的libssh2.lib，csdn下载地址：https://download.csdn.net/download/zkfopen/10606098