python开发_logging_日志处理

在很多编程语言中，都会出现日志处理操作，python也不例外...

接下来我们来看看python中的logging模块

'''
    python中，logging模块主要是处理日志的。
    所谓日志，可理解为在软件运行过程中，所记录的的一些运行情况信息
    软件开发人员可以根据自己的需求添加日志，日志可以帮助软件开发人员
    了解软件的运行信息，对软件的维护尤为重要。

    日志级别：

       Level                              When it's used
      DEBUG                         detailed information,typically of interest only when diagnosing problems
      INFO                          confirmation that things are working as expected
      WARNING                       An indication that something unexpected happended,or indicative of some problem in the near future.The software is still working as expected
      ERROR                         Due to a more serious problem,the software has not been able to perform some funciton
      CRITICAL                      A serious error, indication that the program itself may be unable to continue running.

    The default level is WARNING.

    Here is an Example:

    import logging
    logging.info('this is an info log!')
    logging.warning('this is a warn log!')

    you can see the result:
    WARNING:root:this is a warn log!

    如果你想看到级别比较低的一些日志，你可以这样做：

    Here is an Example:
    import logging
    logging.basicConfig(filename = 'c:\\test\\hongten.log', level = logging.DEBUG)
    logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
    logging.info('this is an info log!')
    logging.warning('this is a warn log!')

    you can see the result:
    DEBUG:root:this is a debug log!
    INFO:root:this is an info log!
    WARNING:root:this is a warn log!

    如果你想格式化输出日志，你可以这样做：

    Here is an Example:
    import logging
    logging.basicConfig(format = '%(levelname)s:%(message)s', level = logging.DEBUG)
    logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
    logging.info('this is an info log!')
    logging.warning('this is a warn log!')

    you can see the result:
    DEBUG:this is a debug log!
    INFO:this is an info log!
    WARNING:this is a warn log!

    下面是LogRecord attributes,在格式化输出日志的时候需要用到：
    Attribute name                     Format                                   Description
    args                              You shouldn’t need to format              The tuple of arguments merged into msg to produce message.
                                      this yourself.
    asctime                           %(asctime)s                               时间格式
    created                           %(created)s                               创建时间
    filename                          %(filename)s                              文件名称
    levelname                         %(levelname)s                             日志级别
    levelno                           %(levelno)s                               日志id号
    lineno                            %(lineno)s                                行号
    module                            %(module)s                                模块名称
    mescs                             %(mescs)s                                 Millisecond portion of the time when the LogRecord was created.
    message                           %(message)s                               日志信息
    name                              %(name)s                                  日志名称
    pathname                          %(pathname)s                              文件绝对路径
    process                           %(process)s                               进程id
    processName                       %(processName)s                           进程名称
    relativeCreated                   %(relativeCreated)s                       Time in milliseconds when the LogRecord was created,
                                                                                relative to the time the logging module was loaded.
    thread                            %(thread)s                                线程id
    threadName                        %(threadName)s                            线程名称

'''

以下是我做的demo：

运行效果：

Python 3.3.2 (v3.3.2:d047928ae3f6, May 16 2013, 00:03:43) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
##################################################
##################################################
##################################################
##################################################
2013-08-26 11:01:58,076 - root - DEBUG - this is a debug log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,080 - root - INFO - this is an info log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,085 - root - WARNING - this is a warn log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,088 - root - ERROR - this is an error log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,091 - root - CRITICAL - this is a critical log!
>>> 

============================================================

代码部分：

============================================================

 #python logging

 #Author  : Hongten
 #Mailto  : hongtenzone@foxmail.com
 #Blog    : http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten
 #QQ      : 648719819
 #Create  ： 2013-08-26
 #Version : 1.0

 import logging
 import logging.config

 '''
     python中，logging模块主要是处理日志的。
     所谓日志，可理解为在软件运行过程中，所记录的的一些运行情况信息
     软件开发人员可以根据自己的需求添加日志，日志可以帮助软件开发人员
     了解软件的运行信息，对软件的维护尤为重要。

     日志级别：

        Level                              When it's used
       DEBUG                         detailed information,typically of interest only when diagnosing problems
       INFO                          confirmation that things are working as expected
       WARNING                       An indication that something unexpected happended,or indicative of some problem in the near future.The software is still working as expected
       ERROR                         Due to a more serious problem,the software has not been able to perform some funciton
       CRITICAL                      A serious error, indication that the program itself may be unable to continue running.

     The default level is WARNING.

     Here is an Example:

     import logging
     logging.info('this is an info log!')
     logging.warning('this is a warn log!')

     you can see the result:
     WARNING:root:this is a warn log!

     如果你想看到级别比较低的一些日志，你可以这样做：

     Here is an Example:
     import logging
     logging.basicConfig(filename = 'c:\\test\\hongten.log', level = logging.DEBUG)
     logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
     logging.info('this is an info log!')
     logging.warning('this is a warn log!')

     you can see the result:
     DEBUG:root:this is a debug log!
     INFO:root:this is an info log!
     WARNING:root:this is a warn log!

     如果你想格式化输出日志，你可以这样做：

     Here is an Example:
     import logging
     logging.basicConfig(format = '%(levelname)s:%(message)s', level = logging.DEBUG)
     logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
     logging.info('this is an info log!')
     logging.warning('this is a warn log!')

     you can see the result:
     DEBUG:this is a debug log!
     INFO:this is an info log!
     WARNING:this is a warn log!

     下面是LogRecord attributes,在格式化输出日志的时候需要用到：
     Attribute name                     Format                                   Description
     args                              You shouldn’t need to format              The tuple of arguments merged into msg to produce message.
                                       this yourself.
     asctime                           %(asctime)s                               时间格式
     created                           %(created)s                               创建时间
     filename                          %(filename)s                              文件名称
     levelname                         %(levelname)s                             日志级别
     levelno                           %(levelno)s                               日志id号
     lineno                            %(lineno)s                                行号
     module                            %(module)s                                模块名称
     mescs                             %(mescs)s                                 Millisecond portion of the time when the LogRecord was created.
     message                           %(message)s                               日志信息
     name                              %(name)s                                  日志名称
     pathname                          %(pathname)s                              文件绝对路径
     process                           %(process)s                               进程id
     processName                       %(processName)s                           进程名称
     relativeCreated                   %(relativeCreated)s                       Time in milliseconds when the LogRecord was created,
                                                                                 relative to the time the logging module was loaded.
     thread                            %(thread)s                                线程id
     threadName                        %(threadName)s                            线程名称

 '''

 def test_log1():
     '''因为logging的默认级别是:WARNING
     所以，这里只会输出：this is a warn log!'''
     logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
     logging.info('this is an info log!')

 def test_log_2_file(path):
     '''把运行的日志信息记录到指定的日志文件中
     并且把日志的操作级别设置为:DEBUG模式'''
     logging.basicConfig(filename = path, level = logging.DEBUG)
     logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
     logging.info('this is an info log!')
     logging.warning('this is a warn log!')

 def logging_variable_data():
     '''可变数据的日志'''
     logging.warning('%s + %s = %s', 3, 4, 3+4)

 def logging_format():
     '''格式化日志'''
     logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s --%(lineno)s -- %(levelname)s:%(message)s', level=logging.DEBUG)
     logging.debug('This message should appear on the console')
     logging.info('So should this')
     logging.warning('And this, too')

 def logging_from_config():
     '''
     c:\\hongten_logging.conf配置文件信息如下：
     [loggers]
     keys=root,simpleExample

     [handlers]
     keys=consoleHandler

     [formatters]
     keys=simpleFormatter

     [logger_root]
     level=DEBUG
     handlers=consoleHandler

     [logger_simpleExample]
     level=DEBUG
     handlers=consoleHandler
     qualname=simpleExample
     propagate=0

     [handler_consoleHandler]
     class=StreamHandler
     level=DEBUG
     formatter=simpleFormatter
     args=(sys.stdout,)

     [formatter_simpleFormatter]
     format=%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s
     datefmt=
     '''
     logging.config.fileConfig('c:\\hongten_logging.conf')
     logger = logging.getLogger('root')
     logger.debug('this is a debug log!')
     logger.info('this is an info log!')
     logger.warn('this is a warn log!')
     logger.error('this is an error log!')
     logger.critical('this is a critical log!')

 def main():
     '''在这里，请一个一个的打开测试'''
     #test_log_2_file('c:\\hongten.log')
     print('#' * 50)
     #test_log1()
     print('#' * 50)
     #logging_variable_data()
     print('#' * 50)
     #logging_format()
     print('#' * 50)
     logging_from_config()

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()