springMVC:SSM整合

环境要求

环境：

IDEA
MySQL 5.7.19
Tomcat 9
Maven 3.6

要求：

需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识，简单的前端知识；

数据库环境

创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (

  `bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',

  `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',

  `bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',

  `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',

  KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)

) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES

(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),

(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),

(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

基本环境搭建

新建一Maven项目！ ssmbuild ，添加web的支持

导入相关的pom依赖！

<dependencies>

    <!--Junit-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>junit</groupId>

        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

        <version>4.12</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--数据库驱动-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>mysql</groupId>

        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

        <version>5.1.47</version>

    </dependency>

    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>

        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>

        <version>0.9.5.2</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--Servlet - JSP -->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>

        <version>2.5</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>

        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>

        <version>2.2</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

        <version>1.2</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--Mybatis-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>

        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>

        <version>3.5.2</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>

        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>

        <version>2.0.2</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--Spring-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

        <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

        <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

</dependencies>

Maven资源过滤设置

<build>

    <resources>

        <resource>

            <directory>src/main/java</directory>

            <includes>

                <include>**/*.properties</include>

                <include>**/*.xml</include>

            </includes>

            <filtering>false</filtering>

        </resource>

        <resource>

            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>

            <includes>

                <include>**/*.properties</include>

                <include>**/*.xml</include>

            </includes>

            <filtering>false</filtering>

        </resource>

    </resources>

</build>

建立基本结构和配置框架！

com.kuang.pojo
com.kuang.dao
com.kuang.service
com.kuang.controller

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE configuration

        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"

        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

Mybatis层编写

数据库配置文件 database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

jdbc.username=root

jdbc.password=123456

IDEA关联数据库

编写MyBatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE configuration

        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"

        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

    <typeAliases>

        <package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>

    </typeAliases>

    <mappers>

        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/BookMapper.xml"/>

    </mappers>

</configuration>

编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books
使用lombok插件！

package com.kuang.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;

import lombok.Data;

import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data

@AllArgsConstructor

@NoArgsConstructor

public class Books {

    private int bookID;

    private String bookName;

    private int bookCounts;

    private String detail;

}

编写Dao层的 Mapper接口！

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {

    //增加一个Book

    int addBook(Books book);

    //根据id删除一个Book

    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新Book

    int updateBook(Books books);

    //根据id查询,返回一个Book

    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查询全部Book,返回list集合

    List<Books> queryAllBook();

}

编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE mapper

        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"

        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper">

    <!--增加一个Book-->

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">

        insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)

        values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})

    </insert>

    <!--根据id删除一个Book-->

    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">

        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}

    </delete>

    <!--更新Book-->

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">

        update ssmbuild.books

        set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}

        where bookID = #{bookID}

    </update>

    <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book-->

    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">

        select * from ssmbuild.books

        where bookID = #{bookID}

    </select>

    <!--查询全部Book-->

    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">

        SELECT * from ssmbuild.books

    </select>

</mapper>

编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口：

package com.kuang.service;

import com.kuang.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

//BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层

public interface BookService {

    //增加一个Book

    int addBook(Books book);

    //根据id删除一个Book

    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新Book

    int updateBook(Books books);

    //根据id查询,返回一个Book

    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查询全部Book,返回list集合

    List<Books> queryAllBook();

}

实现类：

package com.kuang.service;

import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper;

import com.kuang.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

    //调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理

    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {

        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;

    }

    public int addBook(Books book) {

        return bookMapper.addBook(book);

    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {

        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);

    }

    public int updateBook(Books books) {

        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);

    }

    public Books queryBookById(int id) {

        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);

    }

    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {

        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();

    }

}

OK，到此，底层需求操作编写完毕！

Spring层

配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；

我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件； spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置整合mybatis -->

    <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->

    <!--数据库连接池

dbcp  半自动化操作  不能自动连接

c3p0  自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）

    -->

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">

<!-- 配置连接池属性 -->

<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>

<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>

<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>

<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->

<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>

<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>

<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->

<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>

<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->

<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>

<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->

<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">

<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

<!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->

<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->

    <!--解释 ： https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->

    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">

<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->

<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>

<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->

<property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/>

    </bean>

</beans>

Spring整合service层

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service" />

    <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->

    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl">

<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

    </bean>

</beans>

Spring层搞定！再次理解一下，Spring就是一个大杂烩，一个容器！对吧！

SpringMVC层

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"

         version="4.0">

    <!--DispatcherServlet-->

    <servlet>

        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--encodingFilter-->

    <filter>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <filter-class>

            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter

        </filter-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>encoding</param-name>

            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>

        </init-param>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session过期时间-->

    <session-config>

        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>

    </session-config>

</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

    https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->

    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->

    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />

        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />

    </bean>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller" />

</beans>

Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>

    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>

    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>

</beans>

配置文件，暂时结束！Controller 和视图层编写

BookController 类编写，方法一：查询全部书籍

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/book")

public class BookController {

    @Autowired

    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")

    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("/allBook")

    public String list(Model model) {

        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();

        model.addAttribute("list", list);

        return "allBook";

    }

}

编写首页 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML>

<html>

<head>

    <title>首页</title>

    <style type="text/css">

        a {

            text-decoration: none;

            color: black;

            font-size: 18px;

        }

        h3 {

            width: 180px;

            height: 38px;

            margin: 100px auto;

            text-align: center;

            line-height: 38px;

            background: deepskyblue;

            border-radius: 4px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<h3>

    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>

</h3>

</body>

</html>

书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>

<head>

    <title>书籍列表</title>

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->

    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">

        <div class="col-md-12 column">

            <div class="page-header">

                <h1>

                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>

                </h1>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-md-4 column">

            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">

        <div class="col-md-12 column">

            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">

                <thead>

                <tr>

                    <th>书籍编号</th>

                    <th>书籍名字</th>

                    <th>书籍数量</th>

                    <th>书籍详情</th>

                    <th>操作</th>

                </tr>

                </thead>

                <tbody>

                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">

                    <tr>

                        <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>

                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>

                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>

                        <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>

                        <td>

                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |

                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>

                        </td>

                    </tr>

                </c:forEach>

                </tbody>

            </table>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

BookController 类编写，方法二：添加书籍

@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")

public String toAddPaper() {

    return "addBook";

}

@RequestMapping("/addBook")

public String addPaper(Books books) {

    System.out.println(books);

    bookService.addBook(books);

    return "redirect:/book/allBook";

}

添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>

<head>

    <title>新增书籍</title>

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->

    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">

        <div class="col-md-12 column">

            <div class="page-header">

                <h1>

                    <small>新增书籍</small>

                </h1>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">

        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>

        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>

        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>

        <input type="submit" value="添加">

    </form>

</div>

BookController 类编写，方法三：修改书籍

@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")

public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {

    Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);

    System.out.println(books);

    model.addAttribute("book",books );

    return "updateBook";

}

@RequestMapping("/updateBook")

public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {

    System.out.println(book);

    bookService.updateBook(book);

    Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());

    model.addAttribute("books", books);

    return "redirect:/book/allBook";

}

修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>

<head>

    <title>修改信息</title>

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->

    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">

        <div class="col-md-12 column">

            <div class="page-header">

                <h1>

                    <small>修改信息</small>

                </h1>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">

        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>

        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>

        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>

        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>

        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>

    </form>

</div>

BookController 类编写，方法四：删除书籍

@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")

public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {

    bookService.deleteBookById(id);

    return "redirect:/book/allBook";

}

配置Tomcat，进行运行！

到目前为止，这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了，可以直接运行进行测试！这个练习十分的重要，大家需要保证，不看任何东西，自己也可以完整的实现出来！

项目结构图

小结及展望

这个是同学们的第一个SSM整合案例，一定要烂熟于心！

SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的，学到这里，大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这只是增删改查的基本操作。可以说学到这里，大家才算是真正的步入了后台开发的门。也就是能找一个后台相关工作的底线。

或许很多人，工作就做这些事情，但是对于个人的提高来说，还远远不够！

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