SqlServer性能优化即席查询（十三）

执行计划，查询类别：

1.即席查询 2.预定义查询

select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.Size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.ProductSubcategoryKey=

c.ProductCategoryKey where p.Size>'1'


--查询执行计划是否被缓存

 select c.usecounts,c.size_in_bytes,c.objtype,t.text from sys.dm_exec_cached_plans as c

cross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(c.plan_handle) as t

dbcc freeproccache--清空执行计划


--没有join 的形式会生成简单参数化

select EnglishProductName,Color,Size from Product where size>'1'--简单参数化

select EnglishProductName,Color,Size from Product where size>'2'--简单参数化

select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.Size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.aProductSubcategoryKey=

c.ProductCategoryKey where p.Size>'2'

语句一样时即席查询才会重用执行计划。

优化：打开开关

exec sp_configure 'show advanced options',1

reconfigure with override

为ad hoc的查询优化：

exec sp_configure 'Optimize for ad hoc workloads',1

reconfigure with override

--使用参数化

alter database HRDB

set Parameterization forced

　set Parameterization forced 强制参数化（like无法识别）　

select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.Size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.ProductSubcategoryKey=

c.ProductCategoryKey where p.Size>'2'

select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.Size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.ProductSubcategoryKey=

c.ProductCategoryKey where p.Size like '2%'

预定义查询：

预定义查询--参数化执行计划：

存储过程：

1.创建时延时检查

2.第一次执行时编译并生成执行计划

3.减少网络传输量

4.封装变化点

5.增强安全性，隔离访问控制

创建存储过程：

create procedure p_querycp @size varchar(500)

as

select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.ProductSubcategoryKey=c.ProductCategoryKey

where p.Size>@size

做跟踪(以前有对应得截图)：

执行存储过程：

create procedure p_querycp @size varchar(500)

as

select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.ProductSubcategoryKey=c.ProductCategoryKey

where p.Size>@size

--清空执行计划

dbcc freeproccache

--执行

exec p_querycp '1'

执行重复的语句：

dbcc freeproccache

exec p_querycp @size='1'

exec p_querycp @size='2'

查看缓存计划：

select c.usecounts,c.size_in_bytes,c.objtype,t.text from sys.dm_exec_cached_plans as c

cross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(c.plan_handle) as t

预定义查询---参数化执行计划：

SP_ExecuteSql

避免了自己维护存储过程管理成本

可重用执行计划

Unicode字符串作为参数值与类型

大小写敏感

把存储过程定义成传递参数的：

declare @sqltext nvarchar(500)

set @sqltext=N'

select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.ProductSubcategoryKey=c.ProductCategoryKey

where p.Size>@size

'

declare @params	nvarchar(500)

set @params=N'@size varchar(500)'

 exec sp_executesql @sqltext,@params,@size='1'

把size 的大小换成  2

在.net中调用：（两种写法）

        public object getCp(string size)

        {

            HRUser dbcontext = new HRUser();

            var cps = from p in dbcontext.Product

                      join c in dbcontext.ProductCategory

                      on p.ProductSubcategoryKey equals c.ProductCategoryKey

                      where p.Size == size

                      //返回匿名对象

                      select new

                      {

                          CName = c.EnglishProductCategoryName,

                          PName = p.EnglishProductName,

                          Color = p.Color,

                          Size = p.Size

                      };

            return cps.ToList();

        }

        public object  getcp(string size)

        {

            HRUser dbcontext = new HRUser();

            var cps = dbcontext.Product.Join(dbcontext.ProductCategory, a => a.ProductSubcategoryKey, ar => ar.ProductCategoryKey, (a, ar) => new

            {

                CName = ar.EnglishProductCategoryName,

                PName = a.EnglishProductName,

                Color = a.Color,

                Size = a.Size

            }).Where(p => p.Size == size);

            return cps.ToList();

        }

页面：

  <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

    <asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" OnClick="Button2_Click" Text="显示产品" />

    <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server">

    </asp:GridView>

点击后的事件：

  protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Product p = new Product();

            var cps = p.getCp(TextBox1.Text.Trim());

            GridView1.DataSource = cps;

            GridView1.DataBind();

        }

--动态构建语句（执行带参数的方法）

 declare @size varchar(500)

set @size='2'

execute('select c.EnglishProductCategoryName,p.EnglishProductName,p.Color,p.size

from Product as p inner join ProductCategory as c on p.ProductSubcategoryKey=c.ProductCategoryKey

where p.Size>'+''''+@size+'''')

dbcc freeproccache

--执行计划 缓存

select c.usecounts,c.size_in_bytes,c.objtype,t.text from sys.dm_exec_cached_plans as c

cross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(c.plan_handle) as t

形成两个缓存计划：

创建存储过程：

create  procedure p_querye @vacationhours  int

as

select e.LoginID,e.JobTitle from EmployeeOp as e where VacationHours>@vacationhours

exec p_querye 2--实际执行计划 表扫描

exec p_querye 99--实际执行计划 表扫描 应用用索引更好

--重新编译的执行计划

exec p_querycp 99 with recompile

手工的指定执行几乎：

--手工的指定执行计划

exec  sp_create_plan_guide @name='执行任务计划指南之EmployeeOp Vacation',

--转成Unicode编码格式

@stmt=N'select e.LoginID,e.JobTitle from EmployeeOp as e where VacationHours>@vacationhours',

@type=N'Object',

--执行计划的名字

@module_or_batch ='p_querye',

@params =null,

--提示

@hints =N'OPTION(OPTIMIZE FOR(@vacationhours=''99''))'

清除执行计划：执行（会参考上面指定的执行计划）

exec p_querye 2

存储过程重编译：

临时结果集：

定义跟踪的模板：

一：使用物理表进行临时结果集

--1.做一张物理表

create procedure p_physicaltb

as

CREATE TABLE PhysicalTB(

	[SalesOrderID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[SalesOrderDetailID] [int]  NOT NULL,

	[CarrierTrackingNumber] [nvarchar](25) NULL,

	[OrderQty] [smallint] NOT NULL,

	[ProductID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[SpecialOfferID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[UnitPrice] [money] NOT NULL,

	[UnitPriceDiscount] [money] NOT NULL,

	[LineTotal] [numeric](38, 6) NOT NULL,

	[rowguid] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL,

	[ModifiedDate] [datetime] NOT NULL

)

insert into PhysicalTB select * from OrderDetail

select * from PhysicalTB

set statistics time on

exec p_physicaltb   --cpu:391  total:1762

set statistics time off

跟踪的情况：

删除之后再次创建执行。

物理表每次执行都会有重编译的过程（不建议使用物理表来存储临时结果集）

第二种方式：

临时表存储临时结果集

create procedure p_temptb

as

CREATE TABLE #PhysicalTB(

	[SalesOrderID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[SalesOrderDetailID] [int]  NOT NULL,

	[CarrierTrackingNumber] [nvarchar](25) NULL,

	[OrderQty] [smallint] NOT NULL,

	[ProductID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[SpecialOfferID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[UnitPrice] [money] NOT NULL,

	[UnitPriceDiscount] [money] NOT NULL,

	[LineTotal] [numeric](38, 6) NOT NULL,

	[rowguid] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL,

	[ModifiedDate] [datetime] NOT NULL

)

insert into #PhysicalTB select * from OrderDetail

select * from #PhysicalTB

drop table #PhysicalTB

set statistics time on

exec p_temptb  --cpu:110  total:1494

set statistics time off

sp_helpdb 'tempdb'--16064,768

第一次执行时重新编译，第二次就不会重新编译了。

用到了tempdb临时表：

第三种方式：表变量存储临时结果集

--表变量存储临时结果集

create procedure p_tabletb

as

--申明表变量

declare @PhysicalTB table(

	[SalesOrderID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[SalesOrderDetailID] [int]  NOT NULL,

	[CarrierTrackingNumber] [nvarchar](25) NULL,

	[OrderQty] [smallint] NOT NULL,

	[ProductID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[SpecialOfferID] [int] NOT NULL,

	[UnitPrice] [money] NOT NULL,

	[UnitPriceDiscount] [money] NOT NULL,

	[LineTotal] [numeric](38, 6) NOT NULL,

	[rowguid] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL,

	[ModifiedDate] [datetime] NOT NULL

)

insert into @PhysicalTB select * from OrderDetail

select * from @PhysicalTB

set statistics time on

exec p_tabletb  --cpu:110  total:1494

set statistics time off

sp_helpdb 'tempdb'--17064,768

执行时不会重新编译　　

第四种方式：

--CTE(通用表表达式)存储临时结果集  完全放在内存中 不会操作任何数据库中的东西

create procedure p_ctetb

as

begin

--会自动推断数据类型

;with PhysicalTB(

	[SalesOrderID],

	[SalesOrderDetailID],

	[CarrierTrackingNumber],

	[OrderQty] ,

	[ProductID],

	[SpecialOfferID],

	[UnitPrice] ,

	[UnitPriceDiscount] ,

	[LineTotal] ,

	[rowguid] ,

	[ModifiedDate]

) as (select * from OrderDetail)

--访问通用表表达式

select * from PhysicalTB

end

跟踪的结果：

没有重新编译的过程，纯粹操作内存。tempdb数据库不会有任何的变化。

set statistics time on

exec p_ctetb  --cpu:100  total:1300

set statistics time off

sp_helpdb 'tempdb'--17064,768

高版本的通用表达式可以进行多次的使用：

create procedure p_ctetb1

as

begin

;with PhysicalTB(

	[SalesOrderID],

	[SalesOrderDetailID],

	[CarrierTrackingNumber],

	[OrderQty] ,

	[ProductID],

	[SpecialOfferID],

	[UnitPrice] ,

	[UnitPriceDiscount] ,

	[LineTotal] ,

	[rowguid] ,

	[ModifiedDate]

) as (select * from OrderDetail)

select * from PhysicalTB

select * from PhysicalTB

end

exec p_ctetb1

08之前的数据库，只要把表达式在创建一次就可以了

临时数据集的优化处理：

优化查询：编译指南。

--清空执行计划

dbcc freeproccache

select * from EmployeeOp where VacationHours>1 option(use plan N'

<ShowPlanXML xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan" Version="1.2" Build="12.0.2000.8">

  <BatchSequence>

    <Batch>

      <Statements>

        <StmtSimple StatementText="select * from EmployeeOp where VacationHours>99" StatementId="1" StatementCompId="1" StatementType="SELECT" RetrievedFromCache="true" StatementSubTreeCost="0.00657038" StatementEstRows="1" StatementOptmLevel="FULL" QueryHash="0x7E06C77E90EB9FBB" QueryPlanHash="0x64478FC6152D2A83" StatementOptmEarlyAbortReason="GoodEnoughPlanFound" CardinalityEstimationModelVersion="120" ParameterizedText="(@1 tinyint)SELECT * FROM [EmployeeOp] WHERE [VacationHours]>@1">

          <StatementSetOptions QUOTED_IDENTIFIER="true" ARITHABORT="true" CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL="true" ANSI_NULLS="true" ANSI_PADDING="true" ANSI_WARNINGS="true" NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT="false" />

          <QueryPlan CachedPlanSize="40" CompileTime="6" CompileCPU="6" CompileMemory="232">

            <MemoryGrantInfo SerialRequiredMemory="0" SerialDesiredMemory="0" />

            <OptimizerHardwareDependentProperties EstimatedAvailableMemoryGrant="206857" EstimatedPagesCached="51714" EstimatedAvailableDegreeOfParallelism="2" />

            <RelOp NodeId="0" PhysicalOp="Nested Loops" LogicalOp="Inner Join" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0" EstimateCPU="4.18e-006" AvgRowSize="830" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00657038" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row">

              <OutputList>

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="BusinessEntityID" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="NationalIDNumber" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="LoginID" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="OrganizationNode" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="OrganizationLevel" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="JobTitle" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="BirthDate" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="MaritalStatus" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="Gender" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="HireDate" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="SalariedFlag" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="VacationHours" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="SickLeaveHours" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="CurrentFlag" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="rowguid" />

                <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="ModifiedDate" />

              </OutputList>

              <NestedLoops Optimized="0">

                <OuterReferences>

                  <ColumnReference Column="Bmk1000" />

                </OuterReferences>

                <RelOp NodeId="1" PhysicalOp="Index Seek" LogicalOp="Index Seek" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0.003125" EstimateCPU="0.0001581" AvgRowSize="19" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0032831" TableCardinality="290" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row">

                  <OutputList>

                    <ColumnReference Column="Bmk1000" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="VacationHours" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="SickLeaveHours" />

                  </OutputList>

                  <IndexScan Ordered="1" ScanDirection="FORWARD" ForcedIndex="0" ForceSeek="0" ForceScan="0" NoExpandHint="0" Storage="RowStore">

                    <DefinedValues>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Column="Bmk1000" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="VacationHours" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="SickLeaveHours" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                    </DefinedValues>

                    <Object Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Index="[nc_Employee_vacationsickleave]" IndexKind="NonClustered" Storage="RowStore" />

                    <SeekPredicates>

                      <SeekPredicateNew>

                        <SeekKeys>

                          <StartRange ScanType="GT">

                            <RangeColumns>

                              <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="VacationHours" />

                            </RangeColumns>

                            <RangeExpressions>

                              <ScalarOperator ScalarString="(99)">

                                <Const ConstValue="(99)" />

                              </ScalarOperator>

                            </RangeExpressions>

                          </StartRange>

                        </SeekKeys>

                      </SeekPredicateNew>

                    </SeekPredicates>

                  </IndexScan>

                </RelOp>

                <RelOp NodeId="3" PhysicalOp="RID Lookup" LogicalOp="RID Lookup" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0.003125" EstimateCPU="0.0001581" AvgRowSize="826" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0032831" TableCardinality="290" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row">

                  <OutputList>

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="BusinessEntityID" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="NationalIDNumber" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="LoginID" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="OrganizationNode" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="OrganizationLevel" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="JobTitle" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="BirthDate" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="MaritalStatus" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="Gender" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="HireDate" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="SalariedFlag" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="CurrentFlag" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="rowguid" />

                    <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="ModifiedDate" />

                  </OutputList>

                  <IndexScan Lookup="1" Ordered="1" ScanDirection="FORWARD" ForcedIndex="0" ForceSeek="0" ForceScan="0" NoExpandHint="0" Storage="RowStore">

                    <DefinedValues>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="BusinessEntityID" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="NationalIDNumber" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="LoginID" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="OrganizationNode" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="OrganizationLevel" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="JobTitle" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="BirthDate" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="MaritalStatus" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="Gender" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="HireDate" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="SalariedFlag" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="CurrentFlag" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="rowguid" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                      <DefinedValue>

                        <ColumnReference Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" Column="ModifiedDate" />

                      </DefinedValue>

                    </DefinedValues>

                    <Object Database="[HRDB]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[EmployeeOp]" TableReferenceId="-1" IndexKind="Heap" Storage="RowStore" />

                    <SeekPredicates>

                      <SeekPredicateNew>

                        <SeekKeys>

                          <Prefix ScanType="EQ">

                            <RangeColumns>

                              <ColumnReference Column="Bmk1000" />

                            </RangeColumns>

                            <RangeExpressions>

                              <ScalarOperator ScalarString="[Bmk1000]">

                                <Identifier>

                                  <ColumnReference Column="Bmk1000" />

                                </Identifier>

                              </ScalarOperator>

                            </RangeExpressions>

                          </Prefix>

                        </SeekKeys>

                      </SeekPredicateNew>

                    </SeekPredicates>

                  </IndexScan>

                </RelOp>

              </NestedLoops>

            </RelOp>

            <ParameterList>

              <ColumnReference Column="@1" ParameterCompiledValue="(99)" />

            </ParameterList>

          </QueryPlan>

        </StmtSimple>

      </Statements>

    </Batch>

  </BatchSequence>

</ShowPlanXML>

')  --表扫描

select * from sys.dm_exec_cached_plans

select * from sys.dm_exec_sql_text

select * from  sys.dm_exec_query_plan

select * from EmployeeOp where VacationHours>99  -- 索引

select c.plan_handle,p.text from sys.dm_exec_cached_plans as c cross apply  sys.dm_exec_sql_text(c.plan_handle) as p

select * from  sys.dm_exec_query_plan(0x06000A00CD253E14207CA0290200000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)

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