RabbitMQ 延迟队列实现订单支付结果异步阶梯性通知

在第三方支付中，例如支付宝、或者微信，对于订单请求，第三方支付系统采用的是消息同步返回、异步通知+主动补偿查询的补偿机制。

由于互联网通信的不可靠性，例如双方网络、服务器、应用等因素的影响，不管是同步返回、异步通知、主动查询报文都可能出现超时无响应、报文丢失等情况，所以像支付业务，对结果的通知一般采用几种方案结合的补偿机制，不能完全依赖某一种机制。

例如一个支付结果的通知，一方面会在支付页面跳转时候返回支付结果（一般只用作前端展示使用，非最终状态），同时会采用后台异步通知机制（有前台、后台通知的，以后台异步通知结果为准），但由于前台跳转、后台结果通知都可能失效，因此还以定时补单+请求方主动查询接口作为辅助手段。
常见的补单操作，任务调度策略一般设定30秒、60秒、3分钟、6分钟、10分钟调度多次（以自己业务需要），如果调度接收到响应确认报文，补单成功，则中止对应订单的调度任务；如果超过补单上限次数，则停止补单，避免无谓的资源浪费。请求端随时可以发起请求报文查询对应订单的状态。

在日常开发中，对于网站前端来说，支付计费中心对于订单请求信息的处理也是通过消息同步返回、异步通知+主动补偿查询相结合的机制，其中对于订单的异步通知，目前的通知策略为3s、30s、60s、120s、180、300s的阶梯性通知。返回成功情况下就不继续通知了，本来打算使用将失败的消息写到数据库等待发送，然后每秒查询数据库获取消息通知前端。但觉得这样的处理方式太粗暴。存在以下缺点：

1 、每秒请求有点儿浪费资源； 2 、通知方式不稳定； 3 、无法承受大数据量等等

所以最终打算使用rabbitmq的消息延迟+死信队列来实现。消息模型如下：

producer发布消息，通过exchangeA的消息会被分发到QueueA,Consumer监听queueA，一旦有消息到来就被消费，这边的消费业务就是通知前端，如果通知失败，就创建一个延迟队列declareQueue，设置每个消息的ttl然后通过declare_exchange将消息分发到declare_queue,因为declare_queue没有consumer并且declare_queue中的消息设置了ttl，当ttl到期后，将通过DEX路由到queueA,被重新消费。

代码如下：DeclareQueue.java

package org.delayQueue;





	





import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;





import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;





import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;





import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;





 





public class DeclareQueue {





	public static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "notifyExchange";





 





	public static void init() {





		ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();





		factory.setHost("localhost");





		factory.setPort(5672);





 





		Connection connection = null;





		try {





			connection = factory.newConnection();





			Channel channel = connection.createChannel();





			channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, BuiltinExchangeType.TOPIC);





			String routingKey = "AliPaynotify";





			String message = "http://localhost:8080/BossCenter/payGateway/notifyRecv.jsp?is_success=T¬ify_id=4ab9bed148d043d0bf75460706f7774a¬ify_time=2014-08-29+16%3A22%3A02¬ify_type=trade_status_sync&out_trade_no=1421712120109862&total_fee=424.42&trade_no=14217121201098611&trade_status=TRADE_SUCCESS";





			channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, routingKey, null, message.getBytes());





			System.out.println(" [x] Sent :" + message);





		} catch (Exception e) {





			// TODO Auto-generated catch block





			e.printStackTrace();





		} finally {





			if (connection != null) {





				try {





					connection.close();





				} catch (Exception ignore) {





				}





			}





		}





	}





 





	public static void main(String args[]) {





		init();





	}





 





}

DeclareConsumer.java

package org.delayQueue;





 





import java.io.BufferedReader;





import java.io.IOException;





import java.io.InputStreamReader;





import java.util.ArrayList;





import java.util.HashMap;





import java.util.List;





import java.util.Map;





import java.util.Map.Entry;





 





import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;





import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;





import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;





import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;





import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;





 





import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;





import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;





import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;





import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;





import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;





import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;





import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;





 





public class DeclareConsumer {





	public static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "notifyExchange";





	public static String QU_declare_15S = "Qu_declare_15s";





	public static String EX_declare_15S = "EX_declare_15s";





	public static String ROUTINGKEY = "AliPaynotify";





	public static Connection connection = null;





	public static Channel channel = null;





	public static Channel DECLARE_15S_CHANNEL = null;





	public static String declare_queue = "init";





	public static String originalExpiration = "0";





	public static void init() throws Exception {





		ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();





		factory.setHost("localhost");





		factory.setPort(5672);





		connection = factory.newConnection();





		channel = connection.createChannel();





		DECLARE_15S_CHANNEL = connection.createChannel();





	}





 





	public static void consume() {





		try {





			channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");





			final String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();





 





			channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY);





			System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");





			final Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {





				@Override





				public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {





					String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");





					Map<String, Object> headers = properties.getHeaders();





					if (headers != null) {





						List<Map<String, Object>> xDeath = (List<Map<String, Object>>) headers.get("x-death");





						System.out.println("xDeath--- > " + xDeath);





						if (xDeath != null && !xDeath.isEmpty()) {





							Map<String, Object> entrys = xDeath.get(0);





							// for(Entry<String, Object>





							// entry:entrys.entrySet()){





							// System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue());





							// }





							originalExpiration = entrys.get("original-expiration").toString();





						}





					}





					System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + envelope.getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'" + "time" + System.currentTimeMillis());





					HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();





					HttpPost post = new HttpPost(message);





					HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);





					BufferedReader inreader = null;





					if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {





						inreader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent(), "UTF-8"));





						StringBuffer responseBody = new StringBuffer();





						String line = null;





						while ((line = inreader.readLine()) != null) {





							responseBody.append(line);





						}





						if (!responseBody.equals("success")) {





							// putDeclre15s(message);





							if (originalExpiration.equals("0")) {





								putDeclreQueue(message, 3000, QU_declare_15S);





							}





							if (originalExpiration.equals("3000")) {





								putDeclreQueue(message, 30000, QU_declare_15S);





							}





							if (originalExpiration.equals("30000")) {





								putDeclreQueue(message, 60000, QU_declare_15S);





							}





							if (originalExpiration.equals("60000")) {





								putDeclreQueue(message, 120000, QU_declare_15S);





							}





							if (originalExpiration.equals("120000")) {





								putDeclreQueue(message, 180000, QU_declare_15S);





							}





							if (originalExpiration.equals("180000")) {





								putDeclreQueue(message, 300000, QU_declare_15S);





							}





							if (originalExpiration.equals("300000")) {





//								channel.basicConsume(QU_declare_300S,true, this);





								System.out.println("finish notify");





							}





						}





					} else {





						System.out.println(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());





					}





				}





			};





 





			channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);





		} catch (Exception e) {





			e.printStackTrace();





		} finally {





		}





	}





 





 





 





	static Map<String, Object> xdeathMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();





	static List<Map<String, Object>> xDeath = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();





	static Map<String, Object> xdeathParam = new HashMap<String, Object>();





 





	public static void putDeclre15s(String message) throws IOException {





		channel.exchangeDeclare(EX_declare_15S, "topic");





		Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<String, Object>();





		args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", EXCHANGE_NAME);// 死信exchange





		AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder builder = new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder();





		builder.expiration("3000").deliveryMode(2);// 设置消息TTL





		AMQP.BasicProperties properties = builder.build();





		channel.queueDeclare(QU_declare_15S, false, false, false, args);





		channel.queueBind(QU_declare_15S, EX_declare_15S, ROUTINGKEY);





		channel.basicPublish(EX_declare_15S, ROUTINGKEY, properties, message.getBytes());





		System.out.println("send message in QA_DEFERRED_15S" + message + "time" + System.currentTimeMillis());





	}





 





	public static void putDeclreQueue(String message, int mis, String queue) throws IOException {





		channel.exchangeDeclare(EX_declare_15S, "topic");





		Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<String, Object>();





		args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", EXCHANGE_NAME);// 死信exchange





		AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder builder = new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder();





		builder.expiration(String.valueOf(mis)).deliveryMode(2);// 设置消息TTL





		AMQP.BasicProperties properties = builder.build();





		channel.queueDeclare(queue, false, false, false, args);





		channel.queueBind(queue, EX_declare_15S, ROUTINGKEY);





		channel.basicPublish(EX_declare_15S, ROUTINGKEY, properties, message.getBytes());





		System.out.println("send message in " + queue + message + "time============" + System.currentTimeMillis());





	}





 





	public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {





		init();





		consume();





	}





}

消息通过dlx转发的情况下，header头部会带有x-death的一个数组，里面包含消息的各项属性，比如说消息成为死信的原因reason，original-expiration这个字段表示消息在原来队列中的过期时间，根据这个值来确定下一次通知的延迟时间应该是多少秒。

运行结果如下：