455. Assign Cookies 满足欲望 分配饼干

［抄题］：

Assume you are an awesome parent and want to give your children some cookies. But, you should give each child at most one cookie. Each child i has a greed factor gi, which is the minimum size of a cookie that the child will be content with; and each cookie j has a size sj. If sj >= gi, we can assign the cookie j to the child i, and the child i will be content. Your goal is to maximize the number of your content children and output the maximum number.

Note:
You may assume the greed factor is always positive. 
You cannot assign more than one cookie to one child.

Example 1:

Input: [1,2,3], [1,1]

Output: 1

Explanation: You have 3 children and 2 cookies. The greed factors of 3 children are 1, 2, 3.
And even though you have 2 cookies, since their size is both 1, you could only make the child whose greed factor is 1 content.
You need to output 1.

Example 2:

Input: [1,2], [1,2,3]

Output: 2

Explanation: You have 2 children and 3 cookies. The greed factors of 2 children are 1, 2.
You have 3 cookies and their sizes are big enough to gratify all of the children,
You need to output 2.

[暴力解法]：

时间分析：

空间分析：

[优化后]：

时间分析：

空间分析：

［奇葩输出条件］：

［奇葩corner case］：

［思维问题］：

读题错了，饼干能满足的>=人

［一句话思路］：

同向指针互相比较即可

［输入量］：空： 正常情况：特大：特小：程序里处理到的特殊情况：异常情况（不合法不合理的输入）：

［画图］：

［一刷］：

［二刷］：

［三刷］：

［四刷］：

［五刷］：

[五分钟肉眼debug的结果]：

［总结］：

分配问题，用同向指针即可

［复杂度］：Time complexity: O(n) Space complexity: O(1)

［英文数据结构或算法，为什么不用别的数据结构或算法］：

省空间

［关键模板化代码］：

［其他解法］：

［Follow Up］：

［LC给出的题目变变变］：

[代码风格] ：

class Solution {
    public int findContentChildren(int[] g, int[] s) {
        //ini:sort
        int i = 0;
        Arrays.sort(g);
        Arrays.sort(s);

        //for loop
        for (int j = 0; j < s.length && i < g.length; j++) {
            if (s[j] >= g[i]) i++;
        }

        //return
        return i;
    }
}