在centos使用rpm包的方式安装mysql，以及更改root密码

在centos使用rpm包的方式安装mysql，对于centos官方实际推荐使用yum进行安装，下载安装的方式主要用于内网服务器不能连接外网yum源的情况。

下载包

首先根据centos版本在mysql的官网下载rpm安装包，我的centos版本为6.6，下载的安装包为"MySQL-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar"

进行安装

• 首先进行解压

tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

• 然后先安装历史库包

sudo rpm -i MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

• 卸载操作系统中原有的mysql包

sudo yum remove mysql-libs

• 安装mysql服务端，实际的数据库服务进程

rpm -i MySQL-server-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

• 安装mysql客户端，用于连接数据库

sudo rpm -i MySQL-client-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

• 安装之后的文件目录

    /usr/bin	Client programs and scripts
    /usr/sbin	The mysqld server
    /var/lib/mysql	Log files, databases
    /usr/share/info	MySQL manual in Info format
    /usr/share/man	Unix manual pages
    /usr/include/mysql	Include (header) files
    /usr/lib/mysql	Libraries
    /usr/share/mysql	Miscellaneous support files, including error messages, character set files, sample configuration files, SQL for database installation
    /usr/share/sql-bench	Benchmarks

启动使用

• 安装过程中，会自动添加一个mysql用户和组，所以可以用这个用户或者root来启动mysql服务。

• 使用rpm包安装默认添加了系统自动启动，可以使用service mysql stop从系统级别来停止mysql服务。

• 一般情况下，首次登陆时可以通过空密码登陆，然后登陆数据库之后修改密码，但是我在安装完之后重启了系统，再次登陆时就不能通过空密码进行登陆了。

最后使用下面的方式更改了密码。

[root@centos1 ~]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@centos1 ~]#
[root@centos1 ~]#
[root@centos1 ~]#  mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
[1] 2097
[root@centos1 ~]# 151024 10:08:17 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/centos1.err'.
151024 10:08:17 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

[root@centos1 ~]# mysql -u root mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD('root') where user='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@centos1 ~]# mysql -uroot -proot
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

• 后面就可以创建新的用户进行登陆和使用了。