MySQL出现You can’t specify target table for update in FROM clause 这个错误的意思是不能在同一个sql语句中,先select同一个表的某些值,然后再update这个表。

例如:message表保存了多个用户的消息

创建表

CREATE TABLE `message` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`uid` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
`content` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`addtime` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `uid` (`uid`),
KEY `addtime` (`addtime`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

插入数据

insert into message(uid,content,addtime) values
(1,'content1','2016-09-26 00:00:01'),
(2,'content2','2016-09-26 00:00:02'),
(3,'content3','2016-09-26 00:00:03'),
(1,'content4','2016-09-26 00:00:04'),
(3,'content5','2016-09-26 00:00:05'),
(2,'content6','2016-09-26 00:00:06'),
(2,'content7','2016-09-26 00:00:07'),
(4,'content8','2016-09-26 00:00:08'),
(4,'content9','2016-09-26 00:00:09'),
(1,'content10','2016-09-26 00:00:10');

表结构及数据如下:

mysql> select * from message;
+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+
| id | uid | content | addtime |
+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | 1 | content1 | 2016-09-26 00:00:01 |
| 2 | 2 | content2 | 2016-09-26 00:00:02 |
| 3 | 3 | content3 | 2016-09-26 00:00:03 |
| 4 | 1 | content4 | 2016-09-26 00:00:04 |
| 5 | 3 | content5 | 2016-09-26 00:00:05 |
| 6 | 2 | content6 | 2016-09-26 00:00:06 |
| 7 | 2 | content7 | 2016-09-26 00:00:07 |
| 8 | 4 | content8 | 2016-09-26 00:00:08 |
| 9 | 4 | content9 | 2016-09-26 00:00:09 |
| 10 | 1 | content10 | 2016-09-26 00:00:10 |
+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

然后执行将每个用户第一条消息的内容更新为Hello World

mysql> update message set content='Hello World' where id in(select min(id) from message group by uid);
ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can't specify target table 'message' for update in FROM clause

因为在同一个sql语句中,先select出message表中每个用户消息的最小id值,然后再更新message表,因此会出现 ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can’t specify target table ‘message’ for update in FROM clause 这个错误。

解决方法:select的结果再通过一个中间表select多一次,就可以避免这个错误

update message set content='Hello World' where id in( select min_id from ( select min(id) as min_id from message group by uid) as a );

执行:

mysql> update message set content='Hello World' where id in( select min_id from ( select min(id) as min_id from message group by uid) as a );
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from message;
+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+
| id | uid | content | addtime |
+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+
| 1 | 1 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:01 |
| 2 | 2 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:02 |
| 3 | 3 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:03 |
| 4 | 1 | content4 | 2016-09-26 00:00:04 |
| 5 | 3 | content5 | 2016-09-26 00:00:05 |
| 6 | 2 | content6 | 2016-09-26 00:00:06 |
| 7 | 2 | content7 | 2016-09-26 00:00:07 |
| 8 | 4 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:08 |
| 9 | 4 | content9 | 2016-09-26 00:00:09 |
| 10 | 1 | content10 | 2016-09-26 00:00:10 |
+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

注意,只有mysql会有这个问题,mssql与Oracle都没有这个问题。

例子:

CREATE TABLE `ppos_tmp3` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
`business_id` int(11) NOT NULL ,
`card_num` bigint(18) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`p_card_num` char(30) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
; insert into ppos_tmp3 select id,business_id,card_num,p_card_num from ppos_member_card_src a
where (a.business_id,a.p_card_num) in (select business_id,p_card_num from ppos_member_card_src group by business_id,p_card_num having count(*) > 1)
and id not in (select min(id) from ppos_member_card_src group by business_id,p_card_num having count(*)>1) and activate_stadium_id=100004; delete from ppos_member_card_src where id in (select id from ppos_tmp3) and activate_stadium_id=100004;

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