Java Excel 导入导出（一）

本文主要描述通过java实现Excel导入导出

一、读写Excel三种常用方式

1.JXL——Java Excel开放源码项目：读取，创建，更新

2.POI——Apache POI ,提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式文档案读和写的功能——使用其HSSF(Horrible SpreadSheet Format， 格式支持97-2003，高版本请使用：XSSF)

3.FASTEXCEL——采用纯java开发的excel文件读写组件，支持Excel97-2003，功能小，一般不用。

二、JXL和POI对比

POI：效率高，操作相对复杂，支持公式、宏、图像图表，一些企业应用上会非常实用，能够修饰单元格属性，支持字体、数字日期操作

JXL：效率低，操作简单，能够修饰单元格属性，格式支持不如POI强大，支持字体、数字、日期操作

三、JXL创建Excel，解析Excel

Eclipse-java Project-properties-java Build Path-Libraries-add Externa JARS-选择jxl.jar

1.创建Excel，添加数据

 import java.io.File;

 import jxl.Workbook;
 import jxl.write.Label;
 import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
 import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;

 public class JxlExpExcel {

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
         // 创建Excel文件
         File file = new File("e:/jxl_test.xls");
         try {
             file.createNewFile();
             // 创建工作薄
             WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(file);
             // 创建Sheet
             WritableSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("sheet", 0);
             Label label = null;
             // 第一行设置列名
             for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
                 label = new Label(i, 0, title[i]);
                 sheet.addCell(label);
             }
             // 追加数据
             for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
                 label = new Label(0, i, "" + i);
                 sheet.addCell(label);
                 label = new Label(1, i, "user" + i);
                 sheet.addCell(label);
                 label = new Label(2, i, "男");
                 sheet.addCell(label);
             }
             // 写入数据
             workbook.write();
             // 关闭流
             workbook.close();
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }

 }

2.读取Excel中数据，打印在控制台

 import java.io.File;

 import jxl.Cell;
 import jxl.Sheet;
 import jxl.Workbook;

 public class JxlReadExcel {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         File file =new File("e:/jxl_test.xls");
         try {
             //创建Workbook
             Workbook workbook =Workbook.getWorkbook(file);
             //创建工作表sheet
             Sheet sheet=workbook.getSheet(0);
             //读取数据，先行后列
             for (int i = 0; i < sheet.getRows(); i++) {
                 for (int j = 0; j < sheet.getColumns(); j++) {
                     Cell cell=sheet.getCell(j, i);
                     System.out.print(cell.getContents()+"  ");
                 }
                 System.out.println();
             }
             //关闭流
             workbook.close();
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
 }

四、POI创建、解析EXCEL

Eclipse-java Project-properties-java Build Path-Libraries-add Externa JARS-选择poi.jar和commons-io.jar

1.POI创建Excel,添加数据

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;

 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

 public class ExcelPOI {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
         // 创建EXCEl工作薄
         HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
         // 创建一个工作表sheet
         HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
         // 创建第一行
         HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
         // 插入第一行数据，id、name、sex
         for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
             HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
             cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
         }
         // 追加数据
         for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
             HSSFRow nextRow = sheet.createRow(i);

             HSSFCell cell2 = nextRow.createCell(0);
             cell2.setCellValue("a" + i);

             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(1);
             cell2.setCellValue("name" + i);

             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(2);
             cell2.setCellValue("男" + i);
         }
         // 创建一个文件
         File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xls");
         //
         try {
             file.createNewFile();
             // 将EXCEL存盘
             FileOutputStream stream = FileUtils.openOutputStream(file);
             workbook.write(stream);
             // 关闭流
             stream.close();
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
 }

2.POI解析Excel

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;

 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

 public class POIReadExcel {

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xls");
         try {
             HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(FileUtils.openInputStream(file));
             // 获取第一个工作表workbook.getSheet("Sheet0")
             // HSSFSheet sheet =workbook.getSheet("Sheet0");
             // 获取默认第一个工作表
             HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
             int firstRowNum = 0;
             // 获取最后一行行号
             int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
             for (int i = firstRowNum; i <= lastRowNum; i++) {
                 HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
                 // 获取当前最后单元格列号
                 int lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
                 for (int j = 0; j < lastCellNum; j++) {
                     HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);
                     String value = cell.getStringCellValue();
                     System.out.print(value + " ");
                 }
                 System.out.println();
             }
         } catch (IOException e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }

 }

3.POI创建高版本EXCEL（把HFFS替换成XFFS，同时引入相应的jar）

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;

 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

 public class ExcelPOIXSSF {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
         // 创建EXCEl工作薄
         XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
         // 创建一个工作表sheet
         XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
         // 创建第一行
         XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
         // 插入第一行数据，id、name、sex
         for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
             XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
             cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
         }
         // 追加数据
         for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
             XSSFRow nextRow = sheet.createRow(i);

             XSSFCell cell2 = nextRow.createCell(0);
             cell2.setCellValue("a" + i);

             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(1);
             cell2.setCellValue("name" + i);

             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(2);
             cell2.setCellValue("男" + i);
         }
         // 创建一个文件
         File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xlsx");
         //
         try {
             file.createNewFile();
             // 将EXCEL存盘
             FileOutputStream stream = FileUtils.openOutputStream(file);
             workbook.write(stream);
             // 关闭流
             stream.close();
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
 }