2018.04.03 ABAP OLE操作整理

OLE整理:

1.定义，分别对应EXCEL，workbook(工作簿)，sheet(页)，单元格

DATA: EXCEL_OBJ                         TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
           BOOK_OBJ                     TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
           SHEET_OBJ                    TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
           CELL_OBJ                     TYPE OLE2_OBJECT.

2.方法说明：

CREATE OBJECT name_obj 'app'."创建APP应用类的一个对象obj_name实例
SET PROPERTY OF name_obj 'XXX' = f ."设置对象NAME_obj属性xxx为值f
GET PROPERTY OF name_obj 'xxx' = f ."将name_obj的属性xxx的值获取赋给f
CALL METHOD OF
    name_obj
    'xxx'    = f  "由f来接收返回值
  EXPORTING
    #       = f1. "调用name_obj的方法xxx 传入参数f1…fn
FREE OBJECT name_obj . "释放.

3.创建对象

CREATE OBJECT EXCEL_OBJ 'EXCEL.APPLICATION'.

SET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'VISIBLE' = ."使excel可见（1：可见 0：后台运行不可见）

SET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'SHEETSINNEWWORKBOOK' = ."设置 Microsoft Excel 软件打开时，自动插入到新工作簿中的工作表数目（即初始sheet数目，默认名字依次为 Sheet1、Sheet2.....）

4.创建workbook

CALL METHOD OF EXCEL_OBJ 'WORKBOOKS' = BOOK_OBJ.

"由于Workbooks同时为属性，所以可以使用下面语句代替上面语句
*GET PROPERTY OF EXCEL 'Workbooks' = WORKBOOK_OBJ .
CALL METHOD OF BOOK_OBJ 'ADD'.
CALL METHOD OF BOOK_OBJ 'OPEN'EXPORTING # = 'c:\***.xlsx'."开文件

5.增添sheet

CALL METHOD OF EXCEL_OBJ 'sheets' = SHEET_OBJ.
CALL METHOD OF SHEET_OBJ 'Add'.

SET PROPERTY OF SHEET_OBJ 'Name' = 'NAME'."sheet重命名

6.切换sheet

CALL METHOD OF EXCEL_OBJ 'Worksheets' = SHEET EXPORTING # = 'sheet3'.
CALL METHOD OF SHEET_OBJ 'Activate'.

7.给单元格赋值

CaLL METHOD OF EXCEL_OBJ 'CELLS' = CELL EXPORTING # = row # = col.
SET  PROPERTY OF CELL_OBJ 'value' =  xxxx.

8.执行宏

CALL METHOD OF EXCEL_OBJ 'RUN' EXPORTING # = 'ZRUNM'.

9.保存和退出

PS:如果遇到程序执行完之后 EXCEL后台未关闭的时候，检查一下 有没有在保存操作前 执行激活

GET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'ACTIVESHEET' = SHEET."激活工作簿
GET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'ACTIVEWORKBOOK' = WORKBOOK."激活工作区
CALL METHOD OF BOOK_OBJ 'SAVEAS'EXPORTING # = 'c:\1.xls' # = . "另存为
"CALL METHOD OF BOOK_OBJ 'SAVE'."保存
CALL METHOD OF BOOK_OBJ 'CLOSE'. "关闭工作区
CALL METHOD OF EXCEL_OBJ 'QUIT'."退出excel

10.释放资源

FREE OBJECT SHEET_OBJ.
FREE OBJECT WORKBOOK_OBJ.
FREE OBJECT EXCEL_OBJ.

11.例子：

 REPORT ZZJX_TEST08 MESSAGE-ID ZZJXMSG.

 DATA:C_EXPORT_FILENAME_XLS   TYPE STRING VALUE 'ZJX_TEST.XLSX', "导出模板默认文件名 '数据导入模板'
            C_OBJID_XLS                       TYPE WWWDATATAB-OBJID VALUE 'ZZJX_TEST08'.   "存放模板的对象id

 DATA:  LO_OBJDATA                       LIKE WWWDATATAB,                                "Excel模板对象
              LS_DESTINATION             LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME                           ,"下载保存的目标路径
              LC_PATH                    TYPE STRING,        "存储路径
              LC_FULLPATH                TYPE STRING,       "文件完整路径
              LI_RC                       LIKE SY-SUBRC.   "返回值

 DATA: EXCEL_OBJ                         TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
            BOOK_OBJ                     TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
            SHEET_OBJ                    TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
            CELL_OBJ                     TYPE OLE2_OBJECT.

 LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.

   PARAMETERS: P_FILE TYPE RLGRAP-FILENAME OBLIGATORY.

 INITIALIZATION.

 AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT.

 AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR P_FILE.
   CALL METHOD CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES=>DIRECTORY_BROWSE
     EXPORTING
       WINDOW_TITLE         = 'File Directory'
       INITIAL_FOLDER       =  'C:\Users\BRIGHT-SH-002\Desktop'
     CHANGING
       SELECTED_FOLDER      = LC_PATH
 *  EXCEPTIONS
 *    CNTL_ERROR           = 1
 *    ERROR_NO_GUI         = 2
 *    NOT_SUPPORTED_BY_GUI = 3
 *    OTHERS               = 4
           .
   P_FILE = LC_PATH.

 START-OF-SELECTION.
 *第一步: 下载Excel到本地
   PERFORM DOWNLOAD_XLS_TEMPLATE.

 *第二步：打开Excel文档
   PERFORM OPEN_EXCEL.

 *第三步:   写入数据
   PERFORM WRITE_EXCEL.

 END-OF-SELECTION.
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *&      Form  DOWNLOAD_XLS_TEMPLATE
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *       text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *  -->  p1        text
 *  <--  p2        text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 FORM DOWNLOAD_XLS_TEMPLATE .
 * 获取保存路径
 *  LC_PATH = P_FILE.

 *  CALL METHOD CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES=>GET_DESKTOP_DIRECTORY
 *    CHANGING
 *      DESKTOP_DIRECTORY    = LC_PATH
 **  EXCEPTIONS
 **    CNTL_ERROR           = 1
 **    ERROR_NO_GUI         = 2
 **    NOT_SUPPORTED_BY_GUI = 3
 **    OTHERS               = 4
 *          .
 *  IF LC_PATH IS INITIAL.
 *    LC_PATH = 'C:\Users\BRIGHT-SH-002\Desktop'.
 *  ENDIF.

   CONCATENATE LC_PATH '\' C_EXPORT_FILENAME_XLS INTO LC_FULLPATH.
 *  检查模板是否存在
   SELECT SINGLE RELID OBJID FROM WWWDATA INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF LO_OBJDATA
  WHERE SRTF2 = 0 AND RELID = 'MI' AND OBJID = C_OBJID_XLS.
   IF SY-SUBRC NE 0 OR LO_OBJDATA-OBJID EQ SPACE.
     MESSAGE E000(ZZJXMSG) WITH C_EXPORT_FILENAME_XLS.
   ENDIF.

 *  下载模板
   LS_DESTINATION = LC_FULLPATH .
   CALL FUNCTION 'DOWNLOAD_WEB_OBJECT'
     EXPORTING
       KEY         = LO_OBJDATA
       DESTINATION = LS_DESTINATION
     IMPORTING
       RC          = LI_RC
 * CHANGING
 *   TEMP              =
   .
   IF LI_RC NE 0.
     MESSAGE E001(ZZJXMSG) WITH C_EXPORT_FILENAME_XLS.
   ENDIF.

 ENDFORM.                    " DOWNLOAD_XLS_TEMPLATE
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *&      Form  OPEN_EXCEL
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *       text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *  -->  p1        text
 *  <--  p2        text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 FORM OPEN_EXCEL .
   CREATE OBJECT EXCEL_OBJ 'EXCEL.APPLICATION'.
   IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.
     MESSAGE 'EXCEL创建错误' TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E'.
     STOP.
   ENDIF.

   CALL METHOD OF
       EXCEL_OBJ
       'WORKBOOKS' = BOOK_OBJ.
   SET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'VISIBLE' = 0.
 *  SET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'SheetInNewWorkbook' = 1.

 * 打开excel文件，（新建使用：call method of book_obj 'Add' = sheet_obj）
   CALL METHOD OF
       BOOK_OBJ
       'Open'   = SHEET_OBJ
     EXPORTING
       #1       = LS_DESTINATION.

   CALL METHOD OF
       EXCEL_OBJ
       'Sheets'  = SHEET_OBJ"切换sheets
     EXPORTING
       #1        = 1.

   CALL METHOD OF
       SHEET_OBJ
       'Select'.

 *  FREE OBJECT SHEET_OBJ."ok
   CALL METHOD OF SHEET_OBJ 'ACTIVATE'."激活
   SET PROPERTY OF SHEET_OBJ 'NAME' = '库存物料表'.
 ENDFORM.                    " OPEN_EXCEL
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *&      Form  WRITE_EXCEL
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *       text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *  -->  p1        text
 *  <--  p2        text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 FORM WRITE_EXCEL .
   DATA:BEGIN OF IT_DATA OCCURS 10,
        MANDT TYPE MANDT,
        MATNR TYPE MATNR,
        MAKTX TYPE MAKT-MAKTX,
        WERKS TYPE WERKS_D,
        NAME1 TYPE NAME1,
        LGORT TYPE LGORT_D,
        LGOBE TYPE T001L-LGOBE,
        LABST TYPE LABST,
        MEINS TYPE MEINS,
     END OF IT_DATA.
   DATA LV_ROWS TYPE I.
   RANGES: LR_MATNR FOR MARD-MATNR.
   CLEAR LR_MATNR.
   LR_MATNR-SIGN = 'I'.
   LR_MATNR-OPTION = 'BT'.
   LR_MATNR-LOW = ''.
   LR_MATNR-HIGH = ''.
   APPEND LR_MATNR.

   SELECT A~MATNR B~MAKTX A~WERKS C~NAME1 A~LGORT D~LGOBE A~LABST E~MEINS
     INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE IT_DATA
     FROM MARD AS A
     INNER JOIN MAKT  AS B ON B~MATNR = A~MATNR AND B~SPRAS = 'JA'
     INNER JOIN T001W AS C ON C~WERKS = A~WERKS
     INNER JOIN T001L AS D ON D~LGORT = A~LGORT
     INNER JOIN MARA  AS E ON E~MATNR = A~MATNR
     UP TO 5 ROWS
     WHERE A~MATNR IN LR_MATNR.

   FIELD-SYMBOLS <FS1> LIKE LINE OF IT_DATA.
   LOOP AT IT_DATA ASSIGNING <FS1> .
     <FS1>-MANDT = SY-MANDT.
   ENDLOOP.

 *  PERFORM EXCEL_ROW_INSERT USING SHEET_OBJ 3 1.
 * 输出Excel表头,自定义格式的列等
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 1 1 'MANDT'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 2 1 'MATNR'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 3 1 'MAKTX'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 4 1 'WERKS'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 5 1 'NAME1'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 6 1 'LGORT'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 7 1 'LGOBE'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 8 1 'LABST'.
   PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 3 9 1 'MEINS'.
   CLEAR LV_ROWS.
   LOOP AT IT_DATA.
     LV_ROWS = SY-TABIX + 3.
 *    PERFORM EXCEL_ROW_INSERT USING SHEET_OBJ LV_ROWS 1.
     PERFORM FILL_CELL USING: LV_ROWS 1 0 IT_DATA-MANDT,
                              LV_ROWS 2 1 IT_DATA-MATNR,
                              LV_ROWS 3 0 IT_DATA-MAKTX,
                              LV_ROWS 4 0 IT_DATA-WERKS,
                              LV_ROWS 5 0 IT_DATA-NAME1,
                              LV_ROWS 6 0 IT_DATA-LGORT,
                              LV_ROWS 7 0 IT_DATA-LGOBE,
                              LV_ROWS 8 0 IT_DATA-LABST,
                              LV_ROWS 9 0 IT_DATA-MEINS.
   ENDLOOP.

   FREE OBJECT CELL_OBJ.
   GET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'ActiveSheet' = SHEET_OBJ. "获取活动SHEET
   FREE OBJECT SHEET_OBJ.
   GET PROPERTY OF EXCEL_OBJ 'ACTIVEWORKBOOK' = BOOK_OBJ."激活工作区
   "save
 *  CALL METHOD OF
 *      BOOK_OBJ
 *      'SAVEAS'
 *    EXPORTING
 *      #1       = LC_FULLPATH
 *      #2       = 1.
   CALL METHOD OF
       BOOK_OBJ
       'SAVE'.
 *   SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 1.  "是否显示EXCEL 此处显示不退出
   CALL METHOD OF
       BOOK_OBJ
       'CLOSE'.
   CALL METHOD OF
       EXCEL_OBJ
       'QUIT'.

   FREE OBJECT BOOK_OBJ.
   FREE OBJECT EXCEL_OBJ.
 ENDFORM.                    " WRITE_EXCEL
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *&      Form  filL_cell
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *       text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *      -->row  行
 *      -->col  列
 *      -->bold 加粗
 *      -->val  填充值
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 FORM FILL_CELL  USING   VALUE(ROW)
                         VALUE(COL)
                         VALUE(BOLD)
                         VALUE(VAL).
   CALL METHOD OF
       EXCEL_OBJ
       'CELLS'   = CELL_OBJ
     EXPORTING
       #1        = ROW
       #2        = COL.
 *  SET PROPERTY OF CELL_OBJ 'BOLD' = BOLD.
   SET PROPERTY OF CELL_OBJ 'VALUE' = VAL.
 *  FREE OBJECT CELL_OBJ.
 ENDFORM.                    " FIL_CELL
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *&      Form  EXCEL_ROW_INSERT
 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *       text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 *      -->P_SHEET  text
 *      -->P_TAB  text
 *      -->P_1      text
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*
 FORM EXCEL_ROW_INSERT  USING    LCOBJ_SHEET
                                 LC_ROW
                                 LC_COUNT.
   DATA LC_RANGE TYPE OLE2_OBJECT.
   DATA H_BORDERS  TYPE OLE2_OBJECT.
   DO LC_COUNT TIMES.
     CALL METHOD OF
         LCOBJ_SHEET
         'Rows'      = LC_RANGE
       EXPORTING
         #1          = 1.
     CALL METHOD OF LC_RANGE 'Copy'.  "COPY第6行插入一个新行
     CALL METHOD OF
         LCOBJ_SHEET
         'Rows'      = LC_RANGE
       EXPORTING
         #1          = LC_ROW.
     CALL METHOD OF
         LC_RANGE
         'Insert'.
     CALL METHOD OF LC_RANGE 'ClearContents'. "是否需要清空Cell
   ENDDO.
 ENDFORM.                    " EXCEL_ROW_INSERT