Given a string, find the length of the longest substring T that contains at most 2 distinct characters.

For example, Given s = “eceba”,

T is "ece" which its length is 3.

给一个字符串,求这个字符串中,由两个字母组成的,连续的最长子串的长度。

虽然是hard,但是感觉并没有什么难度。

用ch1和preCh记录当前两个字母,preCh记录的是上一个字母(s.charAt(i-1)),same记录的是preCh这个字母重复出现的次数,这样出现第三个字母的时候,就可以直接得出从0到i由后两个字母组成的长度为same+1,并没有使用其他的数据结构。

时间O(n),空间O(1).

public class Solution {
public int lengthOfLongestSubstringTwoDistinct(String s) {
int len = s.length();
if (len < 3){
return len;
}
char ch1 = s.charAt(0);
int same = 0;
while (same < len && s.charAt(same) == ch1){
same++;
}
if (same == len){
return len;
}
char preCh = s.charAt(same);
int result = same + 1;
int ans = same + 1;
int i = same + 1;
same = 1;
for (; i < len; i++){
if (s.charAt(i) == preCh){
result++;
same++;
} else if (s.charAt(i) == ch1){
result++;
same = 1;
ch1 = preCh;
preCh = s.charAt(i);
} else {
ch1 = preCh;
preCh = s.charAt(i);
ans = Math.max(ans, result);
result = same + 1;
same = 1;
}
}
ans = Math.max(ans, result);
return ans;
}
}

2、还可以利用hashMap来做:(参考discuss)

  Map数目小于3的时候将字母和他的位置加入Map中。

  如果是大于等于3,那么找出距离位置hi最远的一个字母(leftMost),删掉,从leftMost的下一个字母开始到当前位置hi就是当前两个字母的长度。

public class Solution {
public int lengthOfLongestSubstringTwoDistinct(String s) {
if(s.length() < 1) return 0;
HashMap<Character,Integer> index = new HashMap<Character,Integer>();
int lo = 0;
int hi = 0;
int maxLength = 0;
while(hi < s.length()) {
if(index.size() <= 2) {
char c = s.charAt(hi);
index.put(c, hi);
hi++;
}
if(index.size() > 2) {
int leftMost = s.length();
for(int i : index.values()) {
leftMost = Math.min(leftMost,i);
}
char c = s.charAt(leftMost);
index.remove(c);
lo = leftMost+1;
}
maxLength = Math.max(maxLength, hi-lo);
}
return maxLength;
}
}

3、其实不算算法,就是把s先转换成char[]。这样就会达到最快。

public class Solution {
public int lengthOfLongestSubstringTwoDistinct(String s) {
int len = s.length();
if (len < 3){
return len;
}
char[] words = s.toCharArray();
char ch1 = words[0];
int i = 1;
while (i < len && words[i] == ch1){
i++;
}
if (i == len){
return len;
}
int same = 1;
char preCh = words[i];
int ans = i + 1;
int result = ans;
i++;
while (i < len){
if (words[i] == preCh){
result++;
same++;
} else if (words[i] == ch1){
result++;
same = 1;
ch1 = preCh;
preCh = words[i];
} else {
ch1 = preCh;
preCh = words[i];
ans = Math.max(ans, result);
result = same + 1;
same = 1;
}
i++;
}
ans = Math.max(ans, result);
return ans;
}
}

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