ThinkPHP 3.2.3 数据缓存与静态缓存

ThinkPHP 3.2.3 中手册中数据缓存的地址是：http://www.kancloud.cn/manual/thinkphp/1835

静态缓存的地址是：http://www.kancloud.cn/manual/thinkphp/1839

数据缓存

使用 S 方法进行数据缓存，缓存文件默认的方式是文件缓存（DATA_CACHE_TYPE = File），文件缓存默认的保存路径是 ./Application/Runtime/Temp

当使用默认的缓存方式时，不需要在配置文件中进行配置，直接在控制器中需要缓存数据的地方调用 S 方法即可：

S(缓存名，缓存值，缓存时间)

例如在 IndexController.class.php（./Application/Home/Controller/IndexController.class.php）要对首页数据进行缓存：

<?php
namespace Home\Controller;
use Think\Controller;
use Admin\Common\Category;

class IndexController extends Controller {
    //首页
    public function index(){

        if(!$top_cate = S('index_list')) {
            //读取顶级栏目
            $top_cate = M('cate')->where(array('pid'=>0))->order('sort')->select();
            $cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select();
            $bObj = M('blog');
            $field = array('id','title','time');

            foreach($top_cate as $key=>$val) {
                $cids = Category::get_children_id($cate,$val['id']);
                $cids[] = $val['id'];
                $where = array('cid'=>array('IN',$cids));
                $top_cate[$key]['blog'] = $bObj->field($field)->where($where)->order('time DESC')->select();
            }

            //缓存
            S('index_list',$top_cate,3600*24);//1天，默认存储路径是 ./Application/Home/Runtime/Temp
        }

        $this->assign('top_cate',$top_cate);
        $this->display();
    }
}

此时 ./Application/Runtime/Temp 中生成了 823c3bcf17c6b7276fa8799355c4c7c8.php

<?php
//000000086400a:7:{i:0;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"1";s:4:"name";s:4:"HTML";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"1";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:1;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"3";s:4:"name";s:10:"JavaScript";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"3";s:4:"blog";a:1:{i:0;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"1";s:5:"title";s:2:"js";s:4:"time";s:10:"1455438771";}}}i:2;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"4";s:4:"name";s:3:"PHP";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"4";s:4:"blog";a:3:{i:0;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"4";s:5:"title";s:20:"thinkphp关联模型";s:4:"time";s:10:"1456541875";}i:1;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"3";s:5:"title";s:15:"无限极分类";s:4:"time";s:10:"1456541682";}i:2;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"2";s:5:"title";s:6:"对象";s:4:"time";s:10:"1455438885";}}}i:3;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"2";s:4:"name";s:7:"DIV+CSS";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"5";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:4;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"5";s:4:"name";s:5:"MySQL";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"5";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:5;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"6";s:4:"name";s:5:"Linux";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"6";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:6;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"8";s:4:"name";s:6:"其他";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"7";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}}
?>

如果要改变缓存方式，例如不再把缓存存入文件，而是存入 Memcached 中，该项目中 PHP 的 Memcached 扩展是 Memcached：

此时可以通过修改配置文件 ./Applicaiton/Home/Common/Conf/conf.php，添加：

    'DATA_CACHE_TYPE'=>'Memcached',
    'PERSISTENTID' => 'mlm_cache',//持久链接标示
    'MEMCACHED_HOST' => '127.0.0.1', //可数组形式
    'MEMCACHED_PORT' => '11211',//可数组形式
    'MEMECACHED_WEIGHT' => 0,//权重

注：Memcached 的驱动可以在 http://www.thinkphp.cn/extend/559.html 进行下载并放到 ./ThinkPHP/Library/Think/Cache/Driver/Memcached.class.php：

<?php

namespace Think\Cache\Driver;

use Think\Cache;

defined('THINK_PATH') or exit();

/**
 * Memcache缓存驱动
 */
Class Memcached extends Cache {

    public function __construct($options = array()) {
        if (!extension_loaded('memcached')) {
            throw_exception(L('_NOT_SUPPERT_') . ':memcached');
        }
        $servers = array();
        $persistent_id = C('PERSISTENTID') ? C('PERSISTENTID') : null;

        $this->options = $options;
        $this->options['expire'] = isset($options['expire']) ? $options['expire'] : C('DATA_CACHE_TIME');
        $this->options['prefix'] = isset($options['prefix']) ? $options['prefix'] : C('DATA_CACHE_PREFIX');
        $host = C('MEMCACHED_HOST') ? C('MEMCACHED_HOST') : '127.0.0.1';
        $port = C('MEMCACHED_PORT') ? C('MEMCACHED_PORT') : 11211;
        $weight = C('MEMECACHED_WEIGHT') ? C('MEMECACHED_WEIGHT') : 1;
        $weight_is_arr = is_array($weight);

        if (is_array($host)) {
            if (!is_array($port)) {
                throw_exception('Memcached服务器IP和端口号要一一对应');
            }
            if ($weight_is_arr && count($weight) != count($host)) {
                throw_exception('Memcached服务器IP和权重值要一一对应');
            }
            foreach ($host as $key => $value) {
                $servers[] = array($value, $port[$key], $weight_is_arr ? $weight[$key] : $weight);
            }
        } else {
            if (is_array($port)) {
                foreach ($port as $key => $value) {
                    $servers[] = array($host, $value, $weight_is_arr ? $weight[$key] : $weight);
                }
            } else {
                $servers[] = array($host, $port, $weight_is_arr ? $weight[0] : $weight);
            }
        }
        $this->handler = new \Memcached($persistent_id);
        $this->handler->addServers($servers);
//        $serverList = $this->handler->getServerList();
//        var_dump($serverList);
//        var_dump($this->handler->getStats());
//        var_dump($this->handler->getOption());
//        var_dump($this->handler->getVersion());
// p($serverList);
    }

    /**
     * 读取缓存
     * @access public
     * @param string $name 缓存变量名
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function get($name) {
        N('cache_read', 1);
        return $this->handler->get($this->options['prefix'] . $name);
    }

    /**
     * 读取多个元素值
     * @param  array  $keys [要读取的元素key数组]
     * @return [boolean]       [返回值]
     */
    public function getMulti($keys = array()) {
        if (empty($keys))
            return '';
        N('cache_read', 1);
        return $this->handler->getMulti($keys);
    }

    /**
     * 写入缓存
     * @access public
     * @param string $name 缓存变量名
     * @param mixed $value  存储数据
     * @param integer $expire  有效时间（秒）
     * @return boolen
     */
    public function set($name, $value, $expire = 0) {
        N('cache_write', 1);
        if (is_null($expire)) {
            $expire = $this->options['expire'];
        }
        $name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name;
        if ($this->handler->set($name, $value, $expire)) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 写入多个元素
     * @param [array] $items  [要写入的健/值元素数组]
     * @param [int] $expire [有效时间(秒)]
     */
    public function setMulti($items, $expire = 0) {
        N('cache_write', 1);
        if (is_null($expire)) {
            $expire = $this->options['expire'];
        }
        $name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name;

        if ($this->handler->setMulti($items, $expire)) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 添加一个元素，如果这个元素已经存在，则失败
     * @param [string]  $key    [要添加元素的key]
     * @param [string]  $value  [要添加元素的值]
     * @param integer $expire [有效时间]
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function add($key, $value, $expire = 0) {
        N('cache_write', 1);
        return $this->handler->add($key, $value, $expire);
    }

    /**
     * 替换已存在key下的元素,如果不存在此key则失败
     * @param  [string]  $key    [要替换的key]
     * @param  [string]  $value  [要替换的值]
     * @param  integer $expire [有效时间]
     * @return [boolean]
     */
    public function replace($key, $value, $expire = 0) {
        N('cache_write', 1);
        return $this->handler->replace($key, $value, $expire);
    }

    /**
     * 删除缓存
     * @access public
     * @param string $name 缓存变量名
     * @return boolen
     */
    public function rm($name) {
        $name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name;
        return $this->handler->delete($name);
    }

    /**
     * 清除缓存
     * @access public
     * @return boolen
     */
    public function clear() {
        return $this->handler->flush();
    }

}

Memcached.class.php

同时 ./Application/Home/Controller/IndexController.class.php 修改为：

<?php
namespace Home\Controller;
use Think\Controller;
use Admin\Common\Category;
use Think\Cache\Driver\Memcached;

class IndexController extends Controller {
    //首页
    public function index(){

        if(!$top_cate = S('index_list')) {

            //读取顶级栏目
            $top_cate = M('cate')->where(array('pid'=>0))->order('sort')->select();
            $cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select();
            $bObj = M('blog');
            $field = array('id','title','time');

            foreach($top_cate as $key=>$val) {
                $cids = Category::get_children_id($cate,$val['id']);
                $cids[] = $val['id'];
                $where = array('cid'=>array('IN',$cids));
                $top_cate[$key]['blog'] = $bObj->field($field)->where($where)->order('time DESC')->select();
            }

            //缓存
            S('index_list',$top_cate,3600*24);//1天，默认存储路径是 ./Application/Home/Runtime/Temp
        }

        $this->assign('top_cate',$top_cate);
        $this->display();
    }
}

在服务器端开启 Memcached，刷新首页，此时 Runtime/Tmp 下不会再生成缓存文件；

通过 Telnet 客户端查看 Memcached 服务器中存储的缓存：

stats items
STAT items:12:number 1
STAT items:12:age 216
STAT items:12:evicted 0
STAT items:12:evicted_nonzero 0
STAT items:12:evicted_time 0
STAT items:12:outofmemory 0
STAT items:12:tailrepairs 0
STAT items:12:reclaimed 0
STAT items:12:expired_unfetched 0
STAT items:12:evicted_unfetched 0
STAT items:12:crawler_reclaimed 0
STAT items:12:crawler_items_checked 0
STAT items:12:lrutail_reflocked 0
END
stats cachedump 12 0
ITEM index_list [898 b; 1456615330 s]
END

（Memcache 查看列出所有key方法：http://www.ttlsa.com/memcache/memcache-list-all-keys/）　　

首页在 Memcached 中的缓存为 index_list。

静态缓存

静态缓存就类似于一些 CMS 中直接把页面静态化，在静态文件的生存周期内直接访问静态的 HTML 文件

Home 模块的静态缓存需要在配置文件 ./Application/Home/Common/Conf/config.php 中添加配置：

    //开启静态缓存
    'HTML_CACHE_ON'=>true,
    'HTML_CACHE_RULES'=>array(

        //给Show控制器的index方法生成缓存,默认的保存位置是 ./Application/Html
        'show:index'=>array('{:module}_{:action}_{id}',10) //参数：缓存文件的名称,缓存生存周期(0代表永不过期)
    ),

以上配置表示缓存 show 控制器的 index 方法，保存的文件名是 show_index_{id}，id 表示 $_GET['id']，也就是说（show 控制器的 index 方法用于查看文章内容页，通过 URL 传递的参数 id 来访问相应 id 的文章）访问 id 为 4 的文章时会生成 show_index_4.html 文件，默认保存在 ./Applicaiton/Html 中

控制器 ./Application/Home/Controller/ShowController.class.php：

<?php
namespace Home\Controller;
use Think\Controller;
use Admin\Common\Category;

class ShowController extends Controller{
    //展示页
    public function index() {

        $id = (int)$_GET['id'];
        $where = array('id'=>$id,'del'=>0);
        $field = array('id','title','content','time','cid');
        $blog = M('blog')->field($field)->where($where)->find();

        //实体转换成字符
        $blog['content'] = htmlspecialchars_decode(html_entity_decode($blog['content']));
        $this->blog = $blog;

        //面包屑，通过子分类查询所有父分类信息
        $cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select();
        $this->parent = Category::get_parents($cate, $blog['cid']);

        $this->display();
    }

    //点击次数不缓存
    public function inc_click() {
        $id = (int)$_GET['id'];
        $where = array('id'=>$id);
        //click自增1
        M('blog')->where($where)->setInc('click');//默认自增1
        $click = M('blog')->where($where)->getField('click');
        echo 'document.write('.$click.')';
    }
}

如果在该页面中有不需要缓存的内容，例如文章的点击次数，每进行一次访问，次数加 1，可以通过 js 的形式来访问相应的点击方法，例如视图文件 ./Application/Home/View/Show/index.html：

<include file='Common:header'/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="__PUBLIC__/Css/show.css" />
    <!--引入ueditor代码高亮插件-->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="__ROOT__/Data/ueditor/third-party/SyntaxHighlighter/shCoreDefault.css">
    <script src="__ROOT__/Data/ueditor/third-party/SyntaxHighlighter/shCore.js"></script>
    <!--引入插件结束-->
    <!--使用ueditor代码高亮插件-->
    <script>
        SyntaxHighlighter.all();
    </script>
    <!--使用ueditor代码高亮插件结束-->
</head>
<body>
<!--头部-->
<include file='Common:nav'/>
<!--主体-->
    <div class='main'>
        <div class='main-left'>
            <div class='location'>
                <a href="">首页</a>>
                <?php $last = count($parent) - 1;?>
                <foreach name="parent" item="v">
                    <a href="{:U('/c_'.$v['id'])}">{$v.name}</a>
                    <if condition="$last neq $key">></if>
                </foreach>
            </div>
            <div class="title">
                <p>{$blog.title}</p>
                <div>
                    <span class='fl'>发布于：{$blog.time|date="Y年m月d日",###}</span>
                    <span class='fr'>已被阅读<script src="{:U('Home/Show/inc_click',array('id'=>$blog['id']),'')}"></script>次</span>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class='content' style="word-break: break-all;">
                {$blog.content}
            </div>
        </div>
    <!--主体右侧-->
    <include file='Common:right'/>
    </div>
<!--底部-->
    <include file='Common:bottom'/>