Selenium提供了一个类ActionChains来处理模拟鼠标事件,如单击、双击、拖动等。

基本语法:

class ActionChains(object):
"""
ActionChains are a way to automate low level interactions such as
mouse movements, mouse button actions, key press, and context menu interactions.
This is useful for doing more complex actions like hover over and drag and drop. Generate user actions.
When you call methods for actions on the ActionChains object,
the actions are stored in a queue in the ActionChains object.
When you call perform(), the events are fired in the order they
are queued up. ActionChains can be used in a chain pattern:: menu = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".nav")
hidden_submenu = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".nav #submenu1") ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(menu).click(hidden_submenu).perform() Or actions can be queued up one by one, then performed.:: menu = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".nav")
hidden_submenu = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".nav #submenu1") actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.move_to_element(menu)
actions.click(hidden_submenu)
actions.perform() Either way, the actions are performed in the order they are called, one after
another.
""" def __init__(self, driver):
"""
Creates a new ActionChains. :Args:
- driver: The WebDriver instance which performs user actions.
"""
self._driver = driver
self._actions = []
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver) def perform(self):
"""
Performs all stored actions.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.perform()
else:
for action in self._actions:
action() def reset_actions(self):
"""
Clears actions that are already stored on the remote end.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self._driver.execute(Command.W3C_CLEAR_ACTIONS)
else:
self._actions = [] def click(self, on_element=None):
"""
Clicks an element. :Args:
- on_element: The element to click.
If None, clicks on current mouse position.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.click(on_element)
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
if on_element:
self.move_to_element(on_element)
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.CLICK, {'button': 0}))
return self def click_and_hold(self, on_element=None):
"""
Holds down the left mouse button on an element. :Args:
- on_element: The element to mouse down.
If None, clicks on current mouse position.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.click_and_hold(on_element)
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
if on_element:
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
if on_element:
self.move_to_element(on_element)
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.MOUSE_DOWN, {}))
return self def context_click(self, on_element=None):
"""
Performs a context-click (right click) on an element. :Args:
- on_element: The element to context-click.
If None, clicks on current mouse position.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.context_click(on_element)
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
if on_element:
self.move_to_element(on_element)
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.CLICK, {'button': 2}))
return self def double_click(self, on_element=None):
"""
Double-clicks an element. :Args:
- on_element: The element to double-click.
If None, clicks on current mouse position.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.double_click(on_element)
for _ in range(4):
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
if on_element:
self.move_to_element(on_element)
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.DOUBLE_CLICK, {}))
return self def drag_and_drop(self, source, target):
"""
Holds down the left mouse button on the source element,
then moves to the target element and releases the mouse button. :Args:
- source: The element to mouse down.
- target: The element to mouse up.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.click_and_hold(source) \
.move_to(target) \
.release()
for _ in range(3):
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
self.click_and_hold(source)
self.release(target)
return self def drag_and_drop_by_offset(self, source, xoffset, yoffset):
"""
Holds down the left mouse button on the source element,
then moves to the target offset and releases the mouse button. :Args:
- source: The element to mouse down.
- xoffset: X offset to move to.
- yoffset: Y offset to move to.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.click_and_hold(source) \
.move_to_location(xoffset, yoffset) \
.release()
for _ in range(3):
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
self.click_and_hold(source)
self.move_by_offset(xoffset, yoffset)
self.release()
return self def key_down(self, value, element=None):
"""
Sends a key press only, without releasing it.
Should only be used with modifier keys (Control, Alt and Shift). :Args:
- value: The modifier key to send. Values are defined in `Keys` class.
- element: The element to send keys.
If None, sends a key to current focused element. Example, pressing ctrl+c:: ActionChains(driver).key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys('c').key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform() """
if element:
self.click(element)
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.key_action.key_down(value)
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause()
else:
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.SEND_KEYS_TO_ACTIVE_ELEMENT,
{"value": keys_to_typing(value)}))
return self def key_up(self, value, element=None):
"""
Releases a modifier key. :Args:
- value: The modifier key to send. Values are defined in Keys class.
- element: The element to send keys.
If None, sends a key to current focused element. Example, pressing ctrl+c:: ActionChains(driver).key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys('c').key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform() """
if element:
self.click(element)
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.key_action.key_up(value)
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause()
else:
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.SEND_KEYS_TO_ACTIVE_ELEMENT,
{"value": keys_to_typing(value)}))
return self def move_by_offset(self, xoffset, yoffset):
"""
Moving the mouse to an offset from current mouse position. :Args:
- xoffset: X offset to move to, as a positive or negative integer.
- yoffset: Y offset to move to, as a positive or negative integer.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.MOVE_TO, {
'xoffset': int(xoffset),
'yoffset': int(yoffset)}))
return self def move_to_element(self, to_element):
"""
Moving the mouse to the middle of an element. :Args:
- to_element: The WebElement to move to.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to(to_element)
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.MOVE_TO, {'element': to_element.id}))
return self def move_to_element_with_offset(self, to_element, xoffset, yoffset):
"""
Move the mouse by an offset of the specified element.
Offsets are relative to the top-left corner of the element. :Args:
- to_element: The WebElement to move to.
- xoffset: X offset to move to.
- yoffset: Y offset to move to.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to(to_element, xoffset, yoffset)
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
self._actions.append(
lambda: self._driver.execute(Command.MOVE_TO, {
'element': to_element.id,
'xoffset': int(xoffset),
'yoffset': int(yoffset)}))
return self def release(self, on_element=None):
"""
Releasing a held mouse button on an element. :Args:
- on_element: The element to mouse up.
If None, releases on current mouse position.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
self.w3c_actions.key_action.pause()
else:
if on_element:
self.move_to_element(on_element)
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(Command.MOUSE_UP, {}))
return self def send_keys(self, *keys_to_send):
"""
Sends keys to current focused element. :Args:
- keys_to_send: The keys to send. Modifier keys constants can be found in the
'Keys' class.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.key_action.send_keys(keys_to_send)
else:
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.SEND_KEYS_TO_ACTIVE_ELEMENT, {'value': keys_to_typing(keys_to_send)}))
return self def send_keys_to_element(self, element, *keys_to_send):
"""
Sends keys to an element. :Args:
- element: The element to send keys.
- keys_to_send: The keys to send. Modifier keys constants can be found in the
'Keys' class.
"""
if self._driver.w3c:
self.w3c_actions.key_action.send_keys(keys_to_send, element=element)
else:
self._actions.append(lambda: element.send_keys(*keys_to_send))
return self # Context manager so ActionChains can be used in a 'with .. as' statements.
def __enter__(self):
return self # Return created instance of self. def __exit__(self, _type, _value, _traceback):
pass # Do nothing, does not require additional cleanup.

  方法列表

perform(self):        ---执行链中的所有动作
reset_actions(self): ---清除存储在远端的动作
click(self, on_element=None): ---鼠标左键单击
click_and_hold(self, on_element=None): --鼠标左键单击,不松开
context_click(self, on_element=None): ---鼠标右键单击
double_click(self, on_element=None): ---鼠标左键双击
drag_and_drop(self, source, target): ---拖拽到某个元素后松开
drag_and_drop_by_offset(self, source, xoffset, yoffset): ---拖拽到某个坐标后松开
key_down(self, value, element=None): ---某个键盘键被按下
key_up(self, value, element=None): ---松开某个键
move_by_offset(self, xoffset, yoffset): ---鼠标移动到某个坐标
move_to_element(self, to_element): ---鼠标移动到某个元素
move_to_element_with_offset(self, to_element, xoffset, yoffset): ---移动到距某个元素(左上角)多少的位置
release(self, on_element=None): ---在某元素上松开鼠标
send_keys(self, *keys_to_send): ---发送某些值到当前焦点元素
send_keys_to_element(self, element, *keys_to_send): ---发送某些值到指定元素

基本用法

链式写法
ActionChains(driver).click(clk_btn).context_click(right_btn).perform() 分步写法
# 补全化action
actions = ActionChains(driver)
# 装载单击动作
actions.click()
# 装载右击动作
actions.context_click()
# 执行所有被装载的动作
actions.perform()

应用举例

#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_ from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium import webdriver
import time driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
driver.implicitly_wait(10) # 右击百度新闻
right_click = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[@name="tj_trnews"]')
ActionChains(driver).context_click(right_click).perform()

参考 文档:

http://www.jb51.net/article/92682.htm

下拉滚动条

  方法一:

使用js脚本直接操作

js="var q=document.documentElement.scrollTop=10000"
driver.execute_script(js)

  方法二、

将滚动条手动到指定的位置,这种方法更常用

target = driver.find_element_by_id("id_keypair")
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", target) #拖动到可见的元素去

  方法三、

发送TAB键

from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
driver.find_element_by_id("id_login_method_0").send_keys(Keys.TAB)

  方法四、

前段时间使用robotframe work框架时,selenium2library里面有一个非常好用的功能Focus,会自动定位到元素,研读一下源码:

def focus(self, locator):
"""Sets focus to element identified by `locator`."""
element = self._element_find(locator, True, True)
self._current_browser().execute_script("arguments[0].focus();", element)

  从源码中我们可以看到,此方法与我们在python自己写的方法二)一致,工具给我们做了封装。

selenium模拟鼠标操作的更多相关文章

  1. python+selenium模拟鼠标操作

    from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains #导入鼠标相关的包 ------------------------- ...

  2. 模拟鼠标操作(ActionChains)(转 侵删)

    在日常的测试中,经常会遇到需要鼠标去操作的一些事情,比如说悬浮菜单.拖动验证码等,这一节我们来学习如何使用webdriver模拟鼠标的操作 首页模拟鼠标的操作要首先引入ActionChains的包 f ...

  3. Python+Selenium自动化 模拟鼠标操作

    Python+Selenium自动化 模拟鼠标操作   在webdriver中,鼠标的一些操作如:双击.右击.悬停.拖动等都被封装在ActionChains类中,我们只用在需要使用的时候,导入这个类就 ...

  4. Java&Selenium 模拟鼠标方法封装

    Java&Selenium 模拟鼠标方法封装 package util; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.W ...

  5. selenium + python(鼠标操作)

    关于最近学习selenium自动化测试鼠标操作的一些总结 常见的鼠标操作

  6. windows7如何用键盘模拟鼠标操作

    windows7如何用键盘模拟鼠标操作 https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/6dad5075104907a123e36e38.html 听语音 37453人看了这个视频 ...

  7. webdriver模拟鼠标操作

    ActionChains 生成模拟用户操作的对象 from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains ActionChai ...

  8. python selenium模拟滑动操作

    selenium.webdriver提供了所有WebDriver的实现,目前支持FireFox.phantomjs.Chrome.Ie和Remote quit()方法会退出浏览器,而close()方法 ...

  9. Selenium键盘鼠标操作总结

    鼠标操作 org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions 1.给元素设置焦点. 有时对于a标签等,为了不跳转到别的链接,但是需要设置焦点时就可使用. action.m ...

随机推荐

  1. 三篇文章了解 TiDB 技术内幕 - 说存储(转)

    引言 数据库.操作系统和编译器并称为三大系统,可以说是整个计算机软件的基石.其中数据库更靠近应用层,是很多业务的支撑.这一领域经过了几十年的发展,不断的有新的进展. 很多人用过数据库,但是很少有人实现 ...

  2. YAOLEI

    http://www.cnblogs.com/skyblue/p/3356933.html

  3. 深入理解Java虚拟机:虚拟机类加载机制

    目录 7.1 概述 7.2 类加载的时机 类的生命周期 5种情况需要"初始化" 7.3 类加载的过程 1.加载 2.验证 3.准备 4.解析 5.初始化 7.4 类加载器 类与类加 ...

  4. Python---战机小游戏,学习pygame

    import pygame # 导入游戏包 pygame.init() # 导入并初始化所有pygame模块,使用其他模块之前必须先调用init()方法 print('下面是游戏代码:') # 绘制矩 ...

  5. MFC数据库操作

    本例采用Microsoft SQL2008建立的一个数据库表 /****链接数据库操作**/ 在stdafx.h的头文件中加入 #import "C:\Program Files\Commo ...

  6. Java基础教程(14)--嵌套类

      Java允许在一个类中定义另外一个类,这样的类被称为嵌套类,就像下面这样: class OuterClass { ... class NestedClass { ... } }   嵌套类分为两种 ...

  7. [LeetCode]Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List题解(二叉树)

    Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List: Given a binary tree, flatten it to a linked list in-place. For e ...

  8. Notepad++怎么使用正则替换

    前言:工作中在oracle中写触发器的sql时,表字段有几十个,修改起来非常不方便,于是采用了Notepad++的替换 案例: 想把 v_update_time,v_create_time,v_rcv ...

  9. Code Signal_练习题_almostIncreasingSequence

    Given a sequence of integers as an array, determine whether it is possible to obtain a strictly incr ...

  10. K先生的博客

    努力,不是为了要感动谁,也不是要做给哪个人看,而是要让自己随时有能力跳出自己厌恶的圈子,并拥有选择的权利. 自己既然选择了这条路,那就要不忘初心坚定的走下去!或许坚持到最后自己会伤痕累累,但,那又怎么 ...