mvc4自定义辅助器方法的学习
1、什么是辅助器
它们可以对代码块和标记进行打包，以便能够在mvc框架应用程序中重用。可以理解成编写在页面上的C#代码（方法）。
2 、自定义辅助器
创建“基本”的mvc示例，并创建Basic控制器，及index视图
Basic控制器
public class BasicController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Index()
{
ViewBag.Fruits = new string[] { "苹果", "橘子", "梨子" };
ViewBag.Citys = new string[] { "北京", "沈阳", "广州" };
string message = "这是一个Html元素标签：<input>";
return View((object)message);
}
}
Index页面
1）普通方式
<div title="普通方式">
<div>
水果类：
<ul>
@foreach (string str in (string[])ViewBag.Fruits)
{
<li>@str</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
城市类：
<ul>
@foreach (string str in (string[])ViewBag.Citys)
{
<li>@str</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
信息:
<p>@Model</p>
</div>
</div>
2）内联辅助器方法
内联辅助器具有方法名和参数，这个例子定义了ListArrayItems的辅助器，它是没有返回值，结果直接输出到客户端的响应中，只需要修改ListArrayItems里的内容即可。
定义辅助器方法
@helper ListArrayItems(string[] items) {
foreach (string str in items) {
<li>@str</li>
}
}
页面调用
<div title="内联辅助器">
<div>
水果类：
<ul>
@ListArrayItems(ViewBag.Fruits)
</ul>
</div>
<div>
城市类：
<ul>
@ListArrayItems(ViewBag.Citys)
</ul>
</div>
<div>
信息:
<p>@Model</p>
</div>
</div>
3）外部辅助器方法
创建一个类文件
public static class CustomHelpers
{
public static MvcHtmlString ListArrayItems(this HtmlHelper html, string[] list) {
TagBuilder tag = new TagBuilder("ul");
foreach (string str in list) {
TagBuilder itemTag = new TagBuilder("li");
itemTag.SetInnerText(str);
tag.InnerHtml += itemTag.ToString();
}
return new MvcHtmlString(tag.ToString());
}
}
返回了 MvcHtmlString 类型，this HtmlHelper html 表示这是一个扩展方法，TagBulider创建html元素，不用使用大量转意符、尖括号等，非常方便。
调用外部辅助器首先要引用命名空间，然后调用方法如下：
引用命令空间
@using StudyMVC4.Helpers
<div title="外部辅助器">
<div>
水果类：
@Html.ListArrayItems((string[])ViewBag.Fruits)
</div>
<div>
城市类：
@Html.ListArrayItems((string[])ViewBag.Citys)
</div>
<div>
信息:
<p>@Model</p>
</div>
</div>
整合一下index页面
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
@helper ListArrayItems(string[] items) {
foreach (string str in items) {
<li>@str</li>
}
}
@using StudyMVC4.Helpers
<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
<title>辅助器方法</title>
</head>
<body>
<div title="普通方式">
<h3>普通方式：</h3>
<div>
水果类：
<ul>
@foreach (string str in (string[])ViewBag.Fruits)
{
<li>@str</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
城市类：
<ul>
@foreach (string str in (string[])ViewBag.Citys)
{
<li>@str</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
信息:
<p>@Model</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
<div title="内联辅助器">
<h3>内联辅助器：</h3>
<div>
水果类：
<ul>
@ListArrayItems(ViewBag.Fruits)
</ul>
</div>
<div>
城市类：
<ul>
@ListArrayItems(ViewBag.Citys)
</ul>
</div>
<div>
信息:
<p>@Model</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
<div title="外部辅助器">
<h3>外部辅助器：</h3>
<div>
水果类：
@Html.ListArrayItems((string[])ViewBag.Fruits)
</div>
<div>
城市类：
@Html.ListArrayItems((string[])ViewBag.Citys)
</div>
<div>
信息:
<p>@Model</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
3、运行结果
1）普通方式
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" alt="" width="239" height="257" />
2）内联辅助器
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" alt="" width="239" height="238" />
3）外部辅助器
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" 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