leetcode–Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum
1.题目说明
Given a binary tree, find the maximum path sum.The path may start and end at any node in the tree.For example:Given the below binary tree,1/ \2 3Return 6.
2.解法分析:
leetcode中给出的函数头为:int maxPathSum(TreeNode *root)
给定的数据结构为:
Definition for binary tree* struct TreeNode {* int val;* TreeNode *left;* TreeNode *right;* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}* };乍一看这道题我就递归,每一条路径都会有一个最高节点,整棵树的最高节点是root,因此,对整棵树而言,和最长的路径只有三种情况:
- 路径的最高节点为root
- 路径的最高节点在root的左子树中
- 路径的最高节点在root的右子树中
所以,这题可以递归来做,需要考虑的是路径中至少有一个节点,不能是空路径,这会给编码带来一定的麻烦,而且,虽然有了刚才的三个分类,怎么求三种情况下的最长路径呢?我们定义从节点A往下走一直到根部(可以不到根部)的路径中和最大的这个值为rootStartPathMaxSum(A),那么必然有,:
- 如果路径的最高节点经过了root:理论上最大值为max(0,rootStartPathMaxSum(root->left) )+max(0,rootStartPathMaxSum(root->right) ) +root->val;
- 如果路径的最高节点在root,递归计算
- 如果路径的最高节点在root右侧,递归计算
最后比较这三种得出的值即可。
rootStartPathMaxSum(TreeNode *)这个函数的计算我最开始的算法是递归的。于是得出了下面一份代码。
/*** Definition for binary tree* struct TreeNode {* int val;* TreeNode *left;* TreeNode *right;* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}* };*/class Solution {public:int maxPathSum(TreeNode *root) {// Start typing your C/C++ solution below// DO NOT write int main() functionif(root == NULL)return 0;if(root->left == NULL && root->right == NULL){return root->val;}int case_both_side = max(0,rootStartPathMaxSum(root->left))+max(0,rootStartPathMaxSum(root->right))+root->val;if(root->left!=NULL && root->right == NULL){return max(case_both_side,maxPathSum(root->left));}if(root->left==NULL && root->right != NULL){return max(case_both_side,maxPathSum(root->right));}elsereturn max(max(maxPathSum(root->left),maxPathSum(root->right)),case_both_side);}// 从root开始往根出发的和最长路径,不一定要到达根部int rootStartPathMaxSum(TreeNode *root){if(root == NULL)return 0;if(root->left == NULL&& root->right == NULL)return root->val;if(root->left == NULL && root->right != NULL){return max(root->val,root->val+rootStartPathMaxSum(root->right));}if(root->left != NULL && root->right ==NULL){return max(root->val,root->val+rootStartPathMaxSum(root->left));}return max(max(rootStartPathMaxSum(root->left)+root->val,rootStartPathMaxSum(root->right)+root->val),root->val);}};
在小数据集上运行良好,但是一到大数据集就hold不住了,运行结果如下:
其实写的过程就意识到了rootStartPathMaxSum有很多次被重复调用,于是得采用一种自底向上的算法,自己想了半天没想出来,结果网上搜到了一个神代码,我承认,很精妙,记录一下,学习一下:
/*** Definition for binary tree* struct TreeNode {* int val;* TreeNode *left;* TreeNode *right;* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}* };*/class Solution {public:int maxPathSum(TreeNode *root) {// Start typing your C/C++ solution below// DO NOT write int main() functionif (root == NULL)return 0;int max = root->val;getPathSum(root, max);return max;}private:int getPathSum(TreeNode *root, int &max) {if (root == NULL)return 0;int leftSum = getPathSum(root->left, max);int rightSum = getPathSum(root->right, max);if (leftSum + root->val + rightSum > max)max = leftSum + root->val + rightSum;int subPathSum = leftSum > rightSum ? leftSum : rightSum;subPathSum += root->val;return subPathSum > 0 ? subPathSum : 0;}};转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/niaokedaoren/article/details/8798528
总的来说,我的算法思路跟这位是一样的,可惜实现思路的功底却差了很多,加油!
后记: 回去略微思索,上述思路中用一个max记录了当前最大值,leftsum和rightSum正是我所想追求的自底向上的中间变量,学习了,不过我的算法的有点事可以用两个中间变量保存起点和终点,这样就有利于路径记录。
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