What is Cross Linux From Scratch?

/****************************************************************************
 *                  What is Cross Linux From Scratch?
 * 说明：
 *     本文想知道交叉编译的LFS到底是什么。
 *
 *                                        2016-3-23 深圳 南山平山村 曾剑锋
 ***************************************************************************/

参考文章：
    What is Cross Linux From Scratch?
        http://trac.clfs.org/

What is Cross Linux From Scratch?
Cross Linux From Scratch (CLFS) is a project that provides you with step-by-step instructions for building your own customized Linux system entirely from source.
CLFS是一个通过给我们一步一步的指引走向如何使用源代码来搭建我们自己的Linux系统的项目。

Why would I want a CLFS system?
为什么要CLFS系统？

Many wonder why they should go through the hassle of building a Linux system from scratch when they could just download an existing Linux distribution. However, there are several benefits of building CLFS. Consider the following:
许多人都会有这么个疑问，我都本可以轻松的下载了已经存在Linux发行版，为什么还要采用这种麻烦方式来做这件事。然而，从源代码来搭建整个系统是有如下几点好处的：

CLFS teaches people how to build a cross compiler
CLFS教会人们如何去搭建一个交叉编译器。

Building CLFS teaches you how to make a cross-compiler and the necessary tools, to build a basic system on a different architecture. For example you would be able to build a Sparc toolchain on an x86 machine, and utilize that toolchain to build a Linux system from source code.
搭建CLFS教会你如何去制作交叉编译器以及所需要的工具，并用这些在不同的硬件架构上搭建一个基本的系统。例如：你将有能力在x86的电脑上搭建一个Sparc工具链，并使用这个工具链从源代码来搭建一个Linux系统。

CLFS teaches people how to utilize a multilib system
CLFS教会人们如何使用multilib系统。

CLFS takes advantage of the target system's capability, by utilizing a multilib capable build system.
CLFS通过采用multilib构建的系统，能够最大的使用目标系统。

CLFS teaches people how a Linux system works internally
CLFS教会人们一个Linux系统，他的内部是如何工作的。

Building CLFS teaches you about all that makes Linux tick, how things work together and depend on each other. And most importantly, how to customize it to your own tastes and needs.
搭建CLFS教会你所有不安于linux tick，他们之间是如何工作、依赖。最重要的是，如何定制你自己的嗜好、需求。

Building CLFS produces a very compact Linux system
搭建CLFS能够产生一个非常简洁的Linux系统。

When you install a regular distribution, you often end up installing a lot of programs that you would probably never use. They're just sitting there taking up (precious) disk space.
当你安装常规的发行版Linux系统时，你经常会安装一大堆你用不上的程序，他们仅仅是躺在那里占用你的磁盘空间。

CLFS can be built from most Unix Style Operating Systems
CLFS可以搭建最接近Unix风格的操作系统。

You can build CLFS even if you don't have Linux running. Our build instructions have been tested to build from Solaris and the BSDs.
在你构建CLFS之前，你都不需要跑Linux系统，我们的构建说明已经被验证在Solaris和BSD上。

CLFS is extremely flexible
CLFS搭建系统非常灵活

Building CLFS could be compared to a finished house. CLFS will give you the skeleton of a house, but it's up to you to install plumbing, electrical outlets, kitchen, bath, wallpaper, etc. You have the ability to turn it into whatever type of system you need it to be, customized completely for you.
构建CLFS的工作可以与造一栋房子品美，CLFS将给你搭建好的房子的框架，如何布电线、厨房等都由你决定，你将有能力去构建你想要的系统，这完全由你决定。

CLFS offers you added security
CLFS同样给你足够的安全性。

You will compile the entire system from source, thus allowing you to audit everything, if you wish to do so, and apply all the security patches you want or need to apply. You don't have to wait for someone else to provide a new binary package that (hopefully) fixes a security hole. Often, you never truly know whether a security hole is fixed or not unless you do it yourself.
你将从源代码编译整个系统，这样允许你编译所有的东西，如果真想这么做，你可以用所有你想用的安全补丁。你不需要等待别人提供给你用于修复漏洞的二进制补丁包，而这个补丁包是否修复了漏洞，你自己又不知道。

What can I do with my CLFS system?
在CLFS系统上，我又能做什么呢？

A by-the-book CLFS system is fairly minimal, but is designed to provide a strong base on which you can add any packages you want. See the CBLFS and BLFS projects for a selection of commonly used packages.
CLFS系统非常小，但该系统的目的是提供一个基板，你可以添加任何想要的包在这基础之上。