Apache tomcat高可用web集群搭建过程配置记录

说明，本文仅作为个人搭建配置保存，问题处理没有一一列出，过程也未见详尽，有问题的朋友可以直接留言给我，会一一回复，谢谢。

小目标：
支持故障转移（或主备，扩展性不佳），保证故障转移后，对前端用户透明，无感知（状态不变化），同时为提高性能支持复制均衡。

APACHE：负载均衡（LoadBalancer），故障转移（Failover）,主备（指TOMCAT的主备，一般没有使用）

TOMCAT：SESSION复制和SESSION共享。

版本信息：

操作系统>: win10 64bit

tomcat 1>: apache-tomcat-7.0.86

tomcat 2>: apache-tomcat-7.0.86

apache>: Apache/2.4.33 (Win64)

两个tomcat的web.xml增加 <distributable/>

如下所示：

    <welcome-file-list>

        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

    </welcome-file-list>

    <distributable/>

</web-app>

####tomcat`1的server.xml配置

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!--

Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with

this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

limitations under the License.

-->

<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not

define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

Documentation at /docs/config/server.html

-->

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />

<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />

-->

<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />

<!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />

<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

<!-- Global JNDI resources

Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html

-->

<GlobalNamingResources>

<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by

UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users

-->

<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"

type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"

description="User database that can be updated and saved"

factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"

pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />

</GlobalNamingResources>

<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share

a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",

so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

Documentation at /docs/config/service.html

-->

<Service name="Catalina">

<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->

<!--

<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>

-->

<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received

and responses are returned. Documentation at :

Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)

Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html

APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html

Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080

-->

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

connectionTimeout="20000"

redirectPort="8443" />

<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->

<!-- <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" -->

<!-- port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" -->

<!-- redirectPort="8443"/> -->

<!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443

This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE

style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the

OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native

documentation -->

<!--

<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"

maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"

clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />

-->

<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->

<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes

every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone

analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them

on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).

Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">

-->

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1">

<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:

/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)

/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster">

</Cluster>

<!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords

via a brute-force attack -->

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">

<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI

resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits

that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately

available for use by the Realm. -->

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"

resourceName="UserDatabase"/>

</Realm>

<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"

unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="false">

<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications

Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->

<!--

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />

-->

<!-- Access log processes all example.

Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html

Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"

prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />

</Host>

</Engine>

</Service>

</Server>

  1 ####tomcat2的server.xml配置信息

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->

<Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />


<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

<GlobalNamingResources>

<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>

<Service name="Catalina">

<Connector port="9090" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />

<Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2">

</Cluster>

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />

</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>

修改默认项目首页内容源码

 ####修改默认项目首页内容源码

 D:\中间件\apache-tomcat-7.0.-\webapps\ROOT\index.jsp

 D:\中间件\apache-tomcat-7.0.-\webapps\ROOT\index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.text.SimpleDateFormat"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Tomcat cluter</title>
</head>

<body>
server information:

<%
String dtm = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss").format(new Date());
System.out.println("["+request.getLocalAddr()+":"+ request.getLocalPort()+"]" + dtm);
out.println("<br>["+request.getLocalAddr()+":" +request.getLocalPort()+"]" + dtm+"<br>");
%>

session:
<%
session.setAttribute("name","dennisit");
System.out.println("[session] session id:"+session.getId());
out.println("<br>[session] session id:" + session.getId()+"<br>");
%>
</body>
</html>

分别启动两个tomcat,确认无报错，测试访问

apache httpd.conf配置

#

# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the

# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.

# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.

# In particular, see

# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>

# for a discussion of each configuration directive.

#

# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding

# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure

# consult the online docs. You have been warned.

#

# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many

# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the

# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin

# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/access_log"

# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache2" will be interpreted by the

# server as "/usr/local/apache2/logs/access_log", whereas "/logs/access_log"

# will be interpreted as '/logs/access_log'.

#

# NOTE: Where filenames are specified, you must use forward slashes

# instead of backslashes (e.g., "c:/apache" instead of "c:\apache").

# If a drive letter is omitted, the drive on which httpd.exe is located

# will be used by default.  It is recommended that you always supply

# an explicit drive letter in absolute paths to avoid confusion.

#

# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's

# configuration, error, and log files are kept.

#

# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point

# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the

# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the

# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at

# least PidFile.

#

Define SRVROOT "D:\Apache24"

ServerRoot "${SRVROOT}"

#

# Mutex: Allows you to set the mutex mechanism and mutex file directory

# for individual mutexes, or change the global defaults

#

# Uncomment and change the directory if mutexes are file-based and the default

# mutex file directory is not on a local disk or is not appropriate for some

# other reason.

#

# Mutex default:logs

#

# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or

# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>

# directive.

#

# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to

# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.

#

#Listen 12.34.56.78:

Listen 

#

# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support

#

# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you

# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the

# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.

# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need

# to be loaded here.

#

# Example:

# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so

#

#LoadModule access_compat_module modules/mod_access_compat.so

LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so

LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so

LoadModule allowmethods_module modules/mod_allowmethods.so

LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so

LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so

#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so

#LoadModule auth_form_module modules/mod_auth_form.so

#LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so

LoadModule authn_core_module modules/mod_authn_core.so

#LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so

#LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so

LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so

#LoadModule authn_socache_module modules/mod_authn_socache.so

#LoadModule authnz_fcgi_module modules/mod_authnz_fcgi.so

#LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so

LoadModule authz_core_module modules/mod_authz_core.so

#LoadModule authz_dbd_module modules/mod_authz_dbd.so

#LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so

LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so

LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so

#LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so

LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so

LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so

#LoadModule buffer_module modules/mod_buffer.so

#LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so

#LoadModule cache_disk_module modules/mod_cache_disk.so

#LoadModule cache_socache_module modules/mod_cache_socache.so

#LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so

LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so

#LoadModule charset_lite_module modules/mod_charset_lite.so

#LoadModule data_module modules/mod_data.so

#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so

#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so

#LoadModule dav_lock_module modules/mod_dav_lock.so

#LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so

#LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so

LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so

#LoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.so

LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so

#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so

#LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so

#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so

#LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so

#LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so

#LoadModule heartbeat_module modules/mod_heartbeat.so

#LoadModule heartmonitor_module modules/mod_heartmonitor.so

#LoadModule http2_module modules/mod_http2.so

#LoadModule ident_module modules/mod_ident.so

#LoadModule imagemap_module modules/mod_imagemap.so

LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so

LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so

LoadModule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.so

#LoadModule lbmethod_bybusyness_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so

LoadModule lbmethod_byrequests_module modules/mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so

#LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so

#LoadModule lbmethod_heartbeat_module modules/mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so

#LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so

#LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so

LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so

#LoadModule log_debug_module modules/mod_log_debug.so

#LoadModule log_forensic_module modules/mod_log_forensic.so

#LoadModule lua_module modules/mod_lua.so

#LoadModule macro_module modules/mod_macro.so

#LoadModule md_module modules/mod_md.so

LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so

#LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so

LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so

LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so

LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so

#LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so

#LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

LoadModule proxy_html_module modules/mod_proxy_html.so

LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so

#LoadModule proxy_http2_module modules/mod_proxy_http2.so

#LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so

#LoadModule proxy_uwsgi_module modules/mod_proxy_uwsgi.so

#LoadModule proxy_wstunnel_module modules/mod_proxy_wstunnel.so

#LoadModule ratelimit_module modules/mod_ratelimit.so

#LoadModule reflector_module modules/mod_reflector.so

#LoadModule remoteip_module modules/mod_remoteip.so

#LoadModule request_module modules/mod_request.so

#LoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.so

#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

#LoadModule sed_module modules/mod_sed.so

#LoadModule session_module modules/mod_session.so

#LoadModule session_cookie_module modules/mod_session_cookie.so

#LoadModule session_crypto_module modules/mod_session_crypto.so

#LoadModule session_dbd_module modules/mod_session_dbd.so

LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so

#LoadModule slotmem_plain_module modules/mod_slotmem_plain.so

LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so

#LoadModule socache_dbm_module modules/mod_socache_dbm.so

#LoadModule socache_memcache_module modules/mod_socache_memcache.so

LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so

#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so

#LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so

#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so

#LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so

#LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so

#LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so

#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so

#LoadModule watchdog_module modules/mod_watchdog.so

LoadModule xml2enc_module modules/mod_xml2enc.so

<IfModule unixd_module>

#

# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run

# httpd as root initially and it will switch.

#

# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.

# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for

# running httpd, as with most system services.

#

User daemon

Group daemon

</IfModule>

# 'Main' server configuration

#

# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'

# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a

# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for

# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.

#

# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,

# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the

# virtual host being defined.

#

#

# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be

# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such

# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com

#

ServerAdmin admin@example.com

#

# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.

# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify

# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.

#

# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.

#

ServerName localhost:

#

# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must

# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other

# <Directory> blocks below.

#

<Directory />

    AllowOverride none

    Require all denied

</Directory>

#

# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow

# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as

# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it

# below.

#

#

# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your

# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but

# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.

#

DocumentRoot "${SRVROOT}/htdocs"

<Directory "${SRVROOT}/htdocs">

    #

    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",

    # or any combination of:

    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

    #

    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"

    # doesn't give it to you.

    #

    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see

    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options

    # for more information.

    #

    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #

    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.

    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:

    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

    #

    AllowOverride None

    #

    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.

    #

    Require all granted

</Directory>

#

# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory

# is requested.

#

<IfModule dir_module>

    DirectoryIndex index.html index.jsp index.php

</IfModule>

#

# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being

# viewed by Web clients.

#

<Files ".ht*">

    Require all denied

</Files>

#

# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.

# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>

# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be

# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>

# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.

#

ErrorLog "logs/error.log"

#

# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.

# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,

# alert, emerg.

#

LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>

    #

    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with

    # a CustomLog directive (see below).

    #

    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined

    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>

      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O

      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio

    </IfModule>

    #

    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).

    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>

    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*

    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be

    # logged therein and *not* in this file.

    #

    CustomLog "logs/access.log" common

    #

    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information

    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.

    #

    #CustomLog "logs/access.log" combined

</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>

    #

    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to

    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client

    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.

    # Example:

    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #

    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to

    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.

    # Example:

    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path

    #

    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will

    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely

    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to

    # the filesystem path.

    #

    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.

    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that

    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and

    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the

    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias

    # directives as to Alias.

    #

    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "${SRVROOT}/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

<IfModule cgid_module>

    #

    # ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX

    # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid.

    #

    #Scriptsock logs/cgisock

</IfModule>

#

# "${SRVROOT}/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased

# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.

#

<Directory "${SRVROOT}/cgi-bin">

    AllowOverride None

    Options None

    Require all granted

</Directory>

<IfModule mime_module>

    #

    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from

    # filename extension to MIME-type.

    #

    TypesConfig conf/mime.types

    #

    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration

    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.

    #

    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz

    #

    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress

    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.

    #

    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z

    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #

    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you

    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:

    #

    AddType application/x-compress .Z

    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #

    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":

    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server

    # or added with the Action directive (see below)

    #

    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:

    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)

    #

    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):

    #AddHandler type-map var

    #

    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.

    #

    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):

    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)

    #

    #AddType text/html .shtml

    #AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml

</IfModule>

#

# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the

# contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile

# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.

#

#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic

#

# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:

# ) plain text ) local redirects ) external redirects

#

# Some examples:

#ErrorDocument  "The server made a boo boo."

#ErrorDocument  /missing.html

#ErrorDocument  "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"

#ErrorDocument  http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html

#

#

# MaxRanges: Maximum number of Ranges in a request before

# returning the entire resource, or one of the special

# values 'default', 'none' or 'unlimited'.

# Default setting is to accept  Ranges.

#MaxRanges unlimited

#

# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,

# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver

# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must

# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted

# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise

# broken on your system.

# Defaults: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off

#

#EnableMMAP off

#EnableSendfile on

#AcceptFilter http none

#AcceptFilter https none

# Supplemental configuration

#

# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be

# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of

# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as

# necessary.

# Server-pool management (MPM specific)

#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf

# Multi-language error messages

#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf

# Fancy directory listings

Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf

# Language settings

#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf

# User home directories

#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf

# Real-time info on requests and configuration

Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf

# Virtual hosts

#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual

#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf

# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)

#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf

# Various default settings

#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

# Configure mod_proxy_html to understand HTML4/XHTML1

<IfModule proxy_html_module>

Include conf/extra/httpd-proxy-html.conf

</IfModule>

# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections

# Note: The following must must be present to support

#       starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent

#       but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.

#

<IfModule ssl_module>

#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf

Include conf/extra/httpd-ahssl.conf

SSLRandomSeed startup builtin

SSLRandomSeed connect builtin

</IfModule>

<IfModule http2_module>

    ProtocolsHonorOrder On

    Protocols h2 h2c http/1.1

</IfModule>

ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ stickysession=JSESSIONID

ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/

<proxy balancer://cluster>

          BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8009    loadfactor=1 route=tomcat1

          BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9009    loadfactor=1 route=tomcat2

</proxy>

mod_jk.conf

#LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-1.2.-httpd-2.2.x.so

JkWorksFile conf/wokers.properties

JkMount /* controller

JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.logs

JkLogLevel info

JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]"

JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"

wokers.properties

#这里可以配置任意多个Tomcat，此处配置了2个Tomat服务器.

#host和port根据自己实际配置.实例配置的是本机两个tomcat,分别使用不同的端口.避免冲突

#如果Tomcat不再同一机器上，没必要改端口的。

#server 列表

worker.list=controller,status,tomcat1,tomcat2 

#========tomcat1========

worker.tomcat1.port=       #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认8009

worker.tomcat1.host=192.168.21.89        #tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址

worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13

worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=  #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多

#========tomcat2========

worker.tomcat2.port=        #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认8009

worker.tomcat2.host=192.168.21.89        #tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址

worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13

worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=        #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多 

#========controller,负载均衡控制器========

worker.controller.type=lb

#指定此负载平衡器负责的Tomcat应用节点。

worker.controller.balance_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2   #指定分担请求的tomcat

#此处指定集群是否需要会话复制，如果设为true，则表明为会话粘性，不进行会话复制，当某用户的请求第一次分发到哪台

#Tomcat后，后继的请求会一直分发到此Tomcat服务器上处理；如果设为false，则表明需求会话复制。

worker.controller.sticky_session=false

#描述是用于httpd自身状态监控的status

worker.status.type=status

uriworkermap.properties

/*=controller

/jkstatus=status

!/*.gif=controller

 !/*.jpg=controller

!/*.png=controller

!/*.css=controller

!/*.js=controller

!/*.htm=controller

!/*.html=controller

而后使用cmd(管理员启动)命令验证Apache配置并启动

 D:\Apache24\bin>httpd.exe -v

 Server version: Apache/2.4.33 (Win64)

 Server built: Mar 17 2018 20:28:06

 D:\Apache24\bin>httpd.exe -k restart

D:\Apache24\bin>netstat -an|find ""

  TCP    0.0.0.0:             0.0.0.0:              LISTENING

  TCP    0.0.0.0:           0.0.0.0:              LISTENING

  TCP    0.0.0.0:           0.0.0.0:              LISTENING

  TCP    127.0.0.1:         0.0.0.0:              LISTENING

  TCP    127.0.0.1:        127.0.0.1:         TIME_WAIT

  TCP    192.168.21.89:    115.231.229.80:      CLOSE_WAIT

  TCP    192.168.21.89:    122.225.36.22:     ESTABLISHED

  TCP    192.168.21.89:    122.225.36.22:     ESTABLISHED

  TCP    192.168.21.89:    122.225.36.22:     ESTABLISHED

  TCP    192.168.21.89:    122.225.36.22:     ESTABLISHED

  TCP    192.168.21.89:    122.225.36.24:     ESTABLISHED

  TCP    192.168.21.89:    122.225.36.24:     ESTABLISHED

  TCP    [::]:                [::]:                 LISTENING

  UDP    [fe80:::a48c:6f10:b5f5%]:  *:*

  UDP    [fe80:::a48c:6f10:b5f5%]:  *:*

  UDP    [fe80:::a48c:6f10:b5f5%]:  *:*

  UDP    [fe80::20a7:197a:3f57:eaa6%]:  *:*

确认端口启动，启动日志无报错。至此，搭建完成。

可以访问验证

另外打开一个浏览器访问

可以顺利切换，关闭其中一个tomcat2，继续刷新也可以切换到正常的tomcat1上

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