.Net 配置文件——继承ConfigurationSection实现自定义处理类处理自定义配置节点
除了使用继承IConfigurationSectionHandler的方法定义处理自定义节点的类,还可以通过继承ConfigurationSection类实现同样效果。
首先说下.Net配置文件中一个潜规则:
在配置节点时,对于想要进行存储的参数数据,可以采用两种方式:一种是存储到节点的属性中,另一种是存储在节点的文本中。
因为一个节点可以有很多属性,但是只要一个innertext,而要在程序中将这两种形式区分开会带来复杂性。 为了避免这个问题,.net的配置文件只是用属性存储而不使用innertext.
接着,我们来写一个符合这个潜规则的自定义配置文件,方便测试:
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<mailservergroup provider= "www.baidu.com" > <mailservers> <mailserver address= "13232@qq.com" client= "http://blog.csdn.net/lhc1105" password= "2343254" username= "lhc" > <mailserver address= "132wdfgdsggtaewg32@qq.com" client= "http://blog345.csdn.net/lhc1105" password= "2334t243的萨芬234254" username= "dfshs水田如雅" > <mailserver address= "132wdgadsfgdtaewg32@qq.com" client= "http://blog436.csdn.net/lhc1105" password= "23ewrty2343的萨芬234254" username= "sdfhdfs水田如雅" > <mailserver address= "132wdgdfagdstaewg32@qq.com" client= "http://blo345734g.csdn.net/lhc1105" password= "23erwt43的萨芬234254" username= "sdfher水田如雅" > </mailserver></mailserver></mailserver></mailserver></mailservers> </mailservergroup> |
接着,我们来写相应的处理类,这里我们由内向外来写:
首先是最内层的mailServer:
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/// <summary> /// Class MailServerElement:用于映射mailServer节点,这里是实际存储数据的地方; /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:51:57</remarks> public sealed class MailServerElement : ConfigurationElement //配置文件中的配置元素 { /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the client. /// </summary> /// <value>The client.</value> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:40</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "client" , IsKey = true , IsRequired = true )] //client是必须的key属性,有点儿主键的意思,例如,如果定义多个client相同的节点,循环读取的话就只读取到最后一个值 public string Client { get { return this [ "client" ] as string; } set { this [ "client" ] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the address. /// </summary> /// <value>The address.</value> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:38</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "address" )] public string Address { get { return this [ "address" ] as string; } set { this [ "address" ] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the name of the user. /// </summary> /// <value>The name of the user.</value> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:35</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "userName" )] public string UserName { get { return this [ "userName" ] as string; } set { this [ "userName" ] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the password. /// </summary> /// <value>The password.</value> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:33</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "password" )] public string Password { get { return this [ "password" ] as string; } set { this [ "password" ] = value; } } } |
接着是mailServers,它是一个mailServer的集合:
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/// <summary> /// Class MailServerCollection:映射mailServers节点,为一个集合类,另外还包含了很多对节点的操作方法,大部分继承自ConfigurationElementCollection /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:52:00</remarks> public sealed class MailServerCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection { /// <summary> /// 获取 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollection"> 的类型。 /// </see></summary> /// <value>The type of the collection.</value> /// <returns>此集合的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollectionType">。</see></returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:08</remarks> public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType { get { return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap; } } /// <summary> /// 当在派生的类中重写时,创建一个新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement">。 /// </see></summary> /// <returns>新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement">。</see></returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:03</remarks> protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() { return new MailServerElement(); } /// <summary> /// 在派生类中重写时获取指定配置元素的元素键。 /// </summary> ///<param name="element">要为其返回键的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement">。 /// <returns>一个 <see cref="T:System.Object">,用作指定 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement"> 的键。</see></see></returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:04:51</remarks> protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) { return (element as MailServerElement).Client; } /// <summary> /// 获取在派生的类中重写时用于标识配置文件中此元素集合的名称。 /// </summary> /// <value>The name of the element.</value> /// <returns>集合的名称;否则为空字符串。默认值为空字符串。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:41:40</remarks> protected override string ElementName { get { return "mailServer" ; } } /// <summary> /// 获取集合中的元素数。 /// </summary> /// <value>The count.</value> /// <returns>集合中的元素数。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:08:24</remarks> public new int Count { get { return base.Count; } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> ///<param name="index">The index. /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch</remarks> public MailServerElement this [ int index] { get { return BaseGet(index) as MailServerElement; } set { if (BaseGet(index) != null ) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } BaseAdd(index, value); } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> ///<param name="Name">The name. /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch</remarks> new public MailServerElement this [string Name] { get { return BaseGet(Name) as MailServerElement; } } /// <summary> /// Indexes the of. /// </summary> ///<param name="element">The element. /// <returns>System.Int32.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:24:16</remarks> public int IndexOf(MailServerElement element) { return BaseIndexOf(element); } /// <summary> /// Adds the specified element. /// </summary> ///<param name="element">The element. /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:26:06</remarks> public void Add(MailServerElement element) { BaseAdd(element); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified element. /// </summary> ///<param name="element">The element. /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:27:01</remarks> public void Remove(MailServerElement element) { if (BaseIndexOf(element) > 0 ) { BaseRemove(element.Client); } } /// <summary> /// Removes at. /// </summary> ///<param name="index">The index. /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:33:29</remarks> public void RemoveAt( int index) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified client. /// </summary> ///<param name="client">The client. /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:04</remarks> public void Remove(string client) { BaseRemove(client); } /// <summary> /// Clears this instance. /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:29</remarks> public void Clear() { BaseClear(); } }</see> |
最后是最外层的group:
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/// <summary> /// Class MailServerSection 为入口: /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:41:02</remarks> public class MailServerSection : ConfigurationSection //继承配置文件中节 { /// <summary> /// Gets the provider.:映射mailServerGroup节点的provider /// </summary> /// <value>The provider.</value> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:59</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "provider" , IsKey = true )] public string provider { get { return this [ "provider" ] as string; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the mail servers.:映射新添加的节点mailServers节点;这个节点下还包含了若干个mailServer节点,因此它是一个集合类 /// </summary> /// <value>The mail servers.</value> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:56</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "mailServers" , IsDefaultCollection = false )] public MailServerCollection MailServers { get { return this [ "mailServers" ] as MailServerCollection; } set { this [ "mailServers" ] = value; } } } |
同样,关联处理类和节点:
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之后做个测试:
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class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Test(); } /// <summary> /// Tests this instance.:读取节点值示例 /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:04:53</remarks> private static void Test() { MailServerSection mailSection = (MailServerSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection( "mailServerGroup" ); Console.WriteLine( "MailServerSection 的provider属性值:" +mailSection.provider); foreach (MailServerElement config in mailSection.MailServers) { Console.WriteLine( "----------------------------------" ); Console.WriteLine( "client值为:" +config.Client); Console.WriteLine( "address值为:" +config.Address); Console.WriteLine( "username值为:" +config.UserName); Console.WriteLine( "password值为:" +config.Password); Console.WriteLine( "----------------------------------" ); } Console.ReadKey(); } } |
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