z-scores|zα

6.2 Areas Under the Standard Normal Curve

Property 4: Almost all the area under the standard normal curve lies between −3 and 3

Because the standard normal curve is the associated normal curve for a standardized normally distributed variable, we labeled the horizontal axis in Fig with the letter z and refer to numbers on that axis as z-scores. For these reasons, the standard normal curve is sometimes called the z-curve

即z-score=-（2.7+0.05），即-2.750时，概率为0.3%

又例如：

Finding the z-score that has a specifified area to its right is often necessary. We have to make this determination so frequently that we use a special notation, zα

因为. Because the area to its right is 0.025, the area to its left is 1 − 0.025 = 0.975, as shown in Fig；Table II contains an entry for the area 0.975; its corresponding z-score is 1.96.Thus, z0.025 = 1.96, as shown in Fig. 6.15(b).

利用对称性：

Because the standard normal curve is symmetric about 0, the z-score on the left is −1.96.Therefore the two required z-scores are ±1.96, as shown in Fig. 6.17(b)