SpringBoot学习(四)-->SpringBoot快速入门,开山篇

Spring Boot简介

Spring Boot的目的在于创建和启动新的基于Spring框架的项目。Spring Boot会选择最适合的Spring子项目和第三方开源库进行整合。大部分Spring Boot应用只需要非常少的配置就可以快速运行起来

Spring Boot是伴随着Spring4.0诞生的，旨在简化开发。
Spring Boot提供了一种快速使用Spring的方式

SpringBoot官方文档：http://spring.io/projects/spring-boot

>>Spring Boot特点

1：为基于Spring的开发提供更快的入门体验
2：创建可以独立运行的Spring应用
3：直接嵌入Tomcat或Jetty服务器，不需要打包成WAR文件
4：提供推荐的基础POM文件（starter）来简化Apache Maven配置
5：尽可能的根据项目依赖来自动配置Spring框架
6：Spring Boot使编码、配置、部署、监控变简单
7：提供可以直接在生产环境中使用的功能，如性能指标、应用信息和应用健康检查
8：开箱即用，没有代码生成，也无需XML配置。同时也可以修改默认值来满足特定的需求
9：其他大量的项目都是基于Spring Boot之上的，如Spring Cloud

>>Spring Boot缺点

1：依赖太多，随便的一个Spring Boot应用都有好几十M
2：缺少服务的注册和发现等解决方案
3：缺少监控集成方案、安全管理方案
4：中文的文档和资料太少且不够深入

>>Spring Boot应用场景

1：Spring能够应用的场景
2：java web应用
3：微服务

写个示例：Hello SpringBoot

1、创建Maven工程

工程结构如下：

2、配置pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.mmzs</groupId>
    <artifactId>springBoot00</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springBoot00 Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <!-- 一定要有spring-boot-starter-parent,其中包含了spring的各种插件版本号 -->
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /><!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <!-- 父类统一管理版本信息 -->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <!-- springboot 默认java版本是1.6,这里显示给它指定为1.7 -->
        <java.version>1.7</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <!-- 导入spring boot的web支持,可以不写版本号,在spring-boot-starter-parent已经包含 -->
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>spring_boot</finalName>
        <!-- 添加Spring boot的maven插件,可以不写版本号,在spring-boot-starter-parent已经包含  -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>

    </build>
</project>
 

3、编写代码

 package com.mmzs.springboot;

 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;

 /**
  * Created by mmzs 2018年4月2日 11:50:57
  * springboot注解详解：http://www.cnblogs.com/mmzs/p/8874349.html
  */
 //用于标注控制层组件(如struts中的action)，@ResponseBody和@Controller的合集，
 //这样子获取的数据返回前台时也会自动转发为json格式。
 @RestController
 //Spring Boot自动配置（auto-configuration）：尝试根据你添加的jar依赖自动配置你的Spring应用。
 @EnableAutoConfiguration
 public class HelloController {

     @RequestMapping("/hello")
     @ResponseBody //会使用详细转换器输出结果
     public String hello() {
         return "Hello Spring-Boot";
     }

     @RequestMapping("/info")
     public Map<String, String> getInfo(@RequestParam String name) {
         Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
         map.put("name", name);
         return map;
     }

     @RequestMapping("/list")
     public List<Map<String, String>> getList() {
         List<Map<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<>();
         Map<String, String> map = null;
         for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
             map = new HashMap<>();
             map.put("name", "mmzs+" + i);
             list.add(map);
         }
         return list;
     }
 }
  

HelloController

 package com.mmzs.springboot;

 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

 /**
  * Created by mmzs 2018年4月2日 11:48:38
  * springboot注解详解：http://www.cnblogs.com/mmzs/p/8874349.html
  */
 //Spring Boot项目的核心注解，主要目的是开启自动配置。
 //包含了@ComponentScan、@Configuration和@EnableAutoConfiguration注解。
 //其中@ComponentScan默认扫描@SpringBootApplication所在类的同级目录以及它的子目录。
 @SpringBootApplication
 public class Application {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
     }
 }
  

Application启动类

4、测试效果

运行Application类，结果如下：

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.5.2.RELEASE)

2018-07-02 12:17:03.434  INFO 5988 --- [           main] com.mmzs.springboot.Application          : Starting Application on CVHOPASEHFXPHFV with PID 5988 (D:\Project\springBoot00\target\classes started by Administrator in D:\Project\springBoot00)
2018-07-02 12:17:03.442  INFO 5988 --- [           main] com.mmzs.springboot.Application          : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2018-07-02 12:17:03.562  INFO 5988 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@27fe3806: startup date [Mon Jul 02 12:17:03 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-07-02 12:17:06.724  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2018-07-02 12:17:06.751  INFO 5988 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2018-07-02 12:17:06.753  INFO 5988 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.11
2018-07-02 12:17:06.971  INFO 5988 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2018-07-02 12:17:06.972  INFO 5988 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 3415 ms
2018-07-02 12:17:07.260  INFO 5988 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2018-07-02 12:17:07.266  INFO 5988 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2018-07-02 12:17:07.267  INFO 5988 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2018-07-02 12:17:07.267  INFO 5988 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2018-07-02 12:17:07.267  INFO 5988 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
2018-07-02 12:17:07.788  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@27fe3806: startup date [Mon Jul 02 12:17:03 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-07-02 12:17:07.928  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/list]}" onto public java.util.List<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>> com.mmzs.springboot.HelloController.getList()
2018-07-02 12:17:07.929  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/hello]}" onto public java.lang.String com.mmzs.springboot.HelloController.hello()
2018-07-02 12:17:07.931  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/info]}" onto public java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String> com.mmzs.springboot.HelloController.getInfo(java.lang.String)
2018-07-02 12:17:07.936  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-07-02 12:17:07.937  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-07-02 12:17:08.012  INFO 5988 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-07-02 12:17:08.013  INFO 5988 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-07-02 12:17:08.103  INFO 5988 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-07-02 12:17:08.403  INFO 5988 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2018-07-02 12:17:08.531  INFO 5988 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2018-07-02 12:17:08.538  INFO 5988 --- [           main] com.mmzs.springboot.Application          : Started Application in 5.736 seconds (JVM running for 6.592)

启动成功界面

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