[转] 使用slim3快速开发RESTful API

本文转自：https://blog.csdn.net/u011250882/article/details/50101599

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请注明出处和作者名，尊重别人也是尊重自己 https://blog.csdn.net/u011250882/article/details/50101599
关于slim
在php的框架世界中，除了像symfony、laravel以及zend这样的全栈式的框架之外，还存在着一些微框架，比如基于symfony的silex，基于laravel的lumen，以及这篇博客中要讲到的slim框架，他们不像别的框架那样笨重，而且存在很多的配置项，大多数都是开箱即用，学习周期也很短，看看文档大多在半天内就能掌握它的基本用法。

关于restful
RESTful架构：
　　（1）每一个URI代表一种资源；
　　（2）客户端和服务器之间，传递这种资源的某种表现层；
　　（3）客户端通过四个HTTP动词，对服务器端资源进行操作，实现”表现层状态转化”；
　　（4）GET用来获取资源，POST用来新建资源（也可以用于更新资源），PUT用来更新资源，DELETE用来删除资源。
RESTful误区：
（1）URI包含动词；
　　（2）URI中加入版本号。
注；以上内容出自阮一峰博文：http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2011/09/restful.html
关于restful只有粗浅的理解，后期读完相关书籍之后再做完善。

slim的安装
这里使用composer安装slim，在命令行下运行如下命令即可安装slim框架：

composer require slim/slim "^3.0"
1
如果使用的是apache服务器，创建.htaccess文件，内容如下：

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^ index.php [QSA,L]

再创建index.php文件，内容如下：

<?php
use \Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface as Request;
use \Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface as Response;

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

$app = new \Slim\App;
$app->get('/', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
$response->getBody()->write("Hello, world");

return $response;
});
$app->run();

目前的目录结构如下所示：

这时访问http://localhost/slim，即可看到页面上展现出的hello,world。

实战
这里使用这篇文章http://www.codediesel.com/php/create-a-quick-rest-api-using-slim-framework/
中提到的例子来实现一个RESTful API的例子。
创建学生表：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `students` (
`student_id` int(10) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`score` int(10) default '0',
`first_name` varchar(50) default NULL,
`last_name` varchar(50) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`student_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

这里我们手动新增了一条记录：

查
相关代码如下：

$app->get('/score/{id}', function (Request $request, Response $response, $args) {
try
{
$db = getDB();
$sth = $db->prepare("SELECT * FROM students WHERE student_id = :id");
$sth->bindParam(':id', $args['id'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$sth->execute();
$student = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

if($student) {
$response = $response->withStatus(200)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 200,
'error' => '',
'datas' => $student
]
));
} else {
$response = $response->withStatus(404)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 404,
'error' => 'student could not be found',
'datas' => $student
]
));
}
return $response;
$db = null;
} catch(PDOException $e) {
$response = $response->withStatus(500)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 500,
'error' => $e->getMessage(),
'datas' => ''
]
));
return $response;
$db = null;
}
});

获取数据库连接的相关代码如下：

function getDB()
{
$dbhost = "localhost";
$dbuser = "root";
$dbpass = "";
$dbname = "test";

$mysql_conn_string = "mysql:host=$dbhost;dbname=$dbname";
$dbConnection = new PDO($mysql_conn_string, $dbuser, $dbpass);
$dbConnection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
return $dbConnection;
}

此时通过curl访问http://localhost/slim/score/1，得到：

改
相关代码如下：
$app->put('/score/{id}', function(Request $request, Response $response, $args) {
try
{
$putDatas = $request->getParsedBody();
$db = getDB();
$sth = $db->prepare("UPDATE students SET score = :score WHERE student_id = :id");

$sth->bindParam(':score', $putDatas['score'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$sth->bindParam(':id', $args['id'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$ret = $sth->execute();

$response = $response->withStatus(200)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 200,
'error' => '',
'datas' => 'update successfully'
]
)
);
return $response;
$db = null;
} catch(PDOException $e) {
$response = $response->withStatus(500)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 500,
'error' => $e->getMessage(),
'datas' => ''
]
));
return $response;
$db = null;
}
});

此时通过curl访问http://localhost/slim/score/2，得到：

删
相关代码如下：
$app->delete('/score/{id}', function (Request $request, Response $response, $args) {
try
{
$db = getDB();
$sth = $db->prepare("DELETE FROM students WHERE student_id = :id");
$sth->bindParam(':id', $args['id'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$sth->execute();

$response = $response->withStatus(200)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 200,
'error' => '',
'datas' => 'delete successfully'
]
)
);
return $response;
$db = null;

} catch(PDOException $e) {
$response = $response->withStatus(500)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 500,
'error' => $e->getMessage(),
'datas' => ''
]
));
return $response;
$db = null;
}
});

此时通过curl访问http://localhost/slim/score/2，得到：

- 增
相关代码如下：

$app->post('/score', function(Request $request, Response $response, $args) {
$postDatas = $request->getParsedBody();
try {
$db = getDB();
$sth = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO students (score, first_name, last_name) VALUES (:score, :firstName, :lastName)");
$sth->bindParam(':score', $postDatas['score'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$sth->bindParam(':firstName', $postDatas['firstName'], PDO::PARAM_STR);
$sth->bindParam(':lastName', $postDatas['lastName'], PDO::PARAM_STR);
$sth->execute();

$response = $response->withStatus(200)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 200,
'error' => '',
'datas' => 'insert successfully'
]
)
);
return $response;
$db = null;

} catch(PDOException $e) {
$response = $response->withStatus(500)->withHeader('Content-type', 'application/json');
$response->getBody()->write(json_encode(
[
'status' => 500,
'error' => $e->getMessage(),
'datas' => ''
]
));
return $response;
$db = null;
}

});

此时通过curl访问http://localhost/slim/score，得到：

注：这篇博文只是做一个入门案例，示例代码有很多坏味道和不规范的地方。
---------------------
作者：dongxie548
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/u011250882/article/details/50101599
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！