switch、case语句的问题

switch、case语句：

点击查看代码

int state = 1;
switch(state)
{
  case 1:
  {
  //状态1执行的程序
  }
  case 2:
  {
  //状态2执行的程序
  }
  defalt：
  {
  //默认执行的程序
  }
}

在工作过程当中的一个switch case语句为：

点击查看代码

UINT CCS2X90_HHU_DirectUpgradeDlg::UpgradeThread(LPVOID pParam)
{
	std::string logFilePath = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\项目文件\\BootLoader 错误注入测试项目\\上位机源码\\CS2X90_HHU_DirectUpgrade\\Fault_Injection_Test_Log.txt";
	std::ofstream logFile(logFilePath);
	if (!logFile.is_open())
	{
		std::cerr << "无法打开日志文件: " << logFilePath.c_str() << std::endl;
	}
	TeeStream teeStream(std::cout, logFile);

	BOOL m_IsUpgrading = TRUE;
	UpgradeState_For_HHU_Device state = HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS;

	BYTE Cmd[10] = { 0 };
	BYTE rbuf[50] = { 0 };
	BYTE UpgradeStep = 0;
	UINT16 rcr_result = 0;
	UINT rLen = 0, tryCnt = 0;
	UINT preTime = 0;
	CString VersionStr = "";
	UINT32 frameSending = 0;
	UINT8 Data[258] = { 0 };
	BOOL CS3290_rflag = FALSE;
	CCS2X90_HHU_DirectUpgradeDlg* pInstance = (CCS2X90_HHU_DirectUpgradeDlg*)pParam;

	while (m_IsUpgrading)
	{
		//std::cout << "开始外循环" << std::endl;

		//用于检测串口设备是否开启，只会在程序开始前执行一次，之后程序就会卡在while (m_ThreadRunFlag)当中了
		if (m_ThreadRunFlag)
		{
			std::cout << "正在检测串口设备是否开启" << std::endl;
			if (!pInstance->m_ComDevice.OpenDevice(pInstance->m_PortName, 115200))
			{
				std::cout << "串口设备开启失败" << std::endl;
				pInstance->AddToInfOut(pInstance->m_Info.OpenDeviceErrorInfo());
				pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_COMBO_PORTNAME)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
				pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_BUTTON_UPGRADE)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
				return 0;
			}
			std::cout << "串口设备开启成功" << std::endl;
		}

		//开始进行升级循环
		while (m_ThreadRunFlag)
		{
			//std::cout << "开始内循环" << std::endl;

			//只要任意条件满足，则进行读取设备上发数据的操作
			//在此处不断的读取数据到rbuf当中，用于后续的判断
			if ((m_IsCS3290 == FALSE) || (CS3290_rflag == TRUE))
			{
				memset(rbuf, 0, sizeof(rbuf));
				do
				{
					std::cout << "读取设备返回数据" << std::endl;
					rLen = pInstance->m_ComDevice.ReadDevice(rbuf, 1);
					if ((UpgradeStep == 6) && (((GetTickCount() - preTime) > 30000) || (rLen != 0)))
						break;
				} while (UpgradeStep == 6);
			}
			//如果任意条件都不满足
			else
			{
				if (UpgradeStep == 0)
				{
					std::cout << "正在判断上位机控件选择的升级模式" << std::endl;
					if (((CButton*)pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_RADIO_LOADER))->GetCheck())
					{
						Cmd[0] = RS232_UPGRADE_HHUINT_LDR;
						std::cout << "选择了Lodaer升级模式" << std::endl;
					}
					else if (((CButton*)pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_RADIO_APP))->GetCheck())
					{
						Cmd[0] = RS232_UPGRADE_HHUINT_APP;
						std::cout << "选择了APP升级模式" << std::endl;
					}

					std::cout << "发送升级模式指令" << std::endl;
					pInstance->m_ComDevice.WriteDevice(Cmd, 1);
					UpgradeStep = 1;
					CS3290_rflag = TRUE;
					continue;
				}
			}

			//程序状态进行回滚，将升级流程恢复到初始状态
			if (m_IsCS3290 == FALSE && pInstance->m_AutoUpgrade == FALSE && flag == TRUE && UpgradeStep == 0)
			{
				std::cout << "程序状态进行回滚，将升级流程恢复到初始状态" << std::endl;
				flag = FALSE;
				pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_COMBO_PORTNAME)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
				pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_BUTTON_UPGRADE)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
				pInstance->m_File.CloseFile();
				pInstance->m_ComDevice.SetBaudRate(115200);
				pInstance->m_ComDevice.CloseDevice();
				return 0;
			}

			switch (state)
			{

				//获取BIOS信息
				case HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS:
				{
					std::cout << "开始进行获取BIOS的阶段" << std::endl;
					switch (rbuf[0])
					{
						case RS232_UPGRADE_RQ: // 处理升级请求, //最开始的升级步骤为0
						{
							if (UpgradeStep == 0)
							{
								std::cout << "收到了“0x05”且升级流程状态为0" << std::endl;
								std::cout << "发送“0x06”，用以回应设备" << std::endl;
								Cmd[0] = RS232_UPGRADE_CF;
								pInstance->m_ComDevice.WriteDevice(Cmd, 1);
								Sleep(500);

								std::cout << "开始根据上位机选择的升级模式发送对应的指令" << std::endl;
								if (((CButton*)pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_RADIO_LOADER))->GetCheck())
								{
									Cmd[0] = RS232_UPGRADE_HHUINT_LDR;
									std::cout << "选择Loader模式，发送“0xAA”" << std::endl;
								}
								else if (((CButton*)pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_RADIO_APP))->GetCheck())
								{
									Cmd[0] = RS232_UPGRADE_HHUINT_APP;
									std::cout << "选择APP模式，发送“0xBB”" << std::endl;
								}

								pInstance->m_ComDevice.WriteDevice(Cmd, 1);

								if ((pInstance->m_AutoUpgrade) && (m_IsCS3290 == FALSE))
								{
									pInstance->SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY, "");
									pInstance->m_UpgradeProgress.SetPos(0);
									pInstance->m_UpgradeProgress.SetBarColor(RGB(0, 0, 255));
								}
								//设置升级步骤1
								UpgradeStep = 1;
								std::cout << "设置升级步骤1" << std::endl;
							}
							break;
						}

						case RS232_UPGRADE_ACK: // 处理升级应答
						{
							switch (UpgradeStep)
							{
								case 1:
								{
									if (((CButton*)pInstance->GetDlgItem(IDC_RADIO_APP))->GetCheck())
									{
										Sleep(500);
									}
									std::cout << "发送BIOS版本信息查询指令“0x30”" << std::endl;
									Cmd[0] = RS232_REQ_VER;
									pInstance->m_ComDevice.WriteDevice(Cmd, 1);

									rLen = pInstance->m_ComDevice.ReadDevice(rbuf, 30);
									VersionStr += pInstance->m_Info.BiosVersionInfo();
									std::cout << "开始接受BIOS信息" << std::endl;
									for (UINT i = 0; i < rLen; i++)
									{
										VersionStr += rbuf[i];
									}
									std::cout << "BIOS" << (LPCSTR)VersionStr << std::endl;
									std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
									std::cout << "" << std::endl;
									teeStream << "【Bootloader Upgrade（Fault Injection Test）测试】" << std::endl;
									teeStream << "无线串口RS232快速升级" << std::endl;
									teeStream << "BIOS" << (LPCSTR)VersionStr << std::endl;
									teeStream << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
									teeStream << "" << std::endl;
									pInstance->AddToInfOut(VersionStr + "\r\n");
									UpgradeStep = 0;
									state = HHU_COM_NORMAL_STAGE_1;
									std::cout << "state状态变化为HHU_COM_NORMAL_STAGE_1" << std::endl;
									Sleep(20000);
									break;
								}
						}
						break;
					}

						default: // 当 rbuf[0] 不匹配任何 case 时执行
						{
							std::cout << "未收到预期的返回数据，保持状态为 HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS" << std::endl;
							state = HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS;
							break;
						}
					} //end of "switch (rbuf[0])"
					break;
				}//end of "case HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS:"

				//明明没有满足这个条件，但是还是会自动执行到HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_1这个状态

				//测试阶段1，此处属于握手阶段的异常测试项，发送“0xFF”，等待2分钟，只要设备没有任何响应就是符合预期的现象。此时通过上位机窗口提升用户重启设备进行之后的测试
				case HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_1:
				{

					std::cout << "测试阶段1：握手阶段异常测试，发送“0xFF”，等待2分钟，只要设备没有任何响应就是符合预期的现象。此时通过上位机窗口提升用户重启设备进行之后的测试" << std::endl;

				}

				//正常阶段1，一直顺序执行，直到测试项来到设置设备的波特率
				case HHU_COM_NORMAL_STAGE_1:
				{
					std::cout << "正常阶段1" << std::endl;
				}

			}	//end of switch

		}	//end of "while (m_ThreadRunFlag)" 内循环

	}//end of "while (m_IsUpgrading)" 外循环

	return 0;
}

其中case HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS:中的switch在实际编写的过程当中出了问题，如果需要跳出这个case语句，其中的break需要放在case语句最外层括号的内部，具体如下：

点击查看代码

//获取BIOS信息
				case HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS:
				{
					std::cout << "开始进行获取BIOS的阶段" << std::endl;
					switch (rbuf[0])
					{
						case RS232_UPGRADE_RQ: // 处理升级请求, //最开始的升级步骤为0
						{

							break;
						}

						case RS232_UPGRADE_ACK: // 处理升级应答
						{
							switch (UpgradeStep)
							{
								case 1:
								{
									break;
								}
							}
						break;
						}

						default: // 当 rbuf[0] 不匹配任何 case 时执行
						{
							std::cout << "未收到预期的返回数据，保持状态为 HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS" << std::endl;
							state = HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS;
							break;
						}
					} //end of "switch (rbuf[0])"
					break;
				}//end of "case HHU_COM_TEST_STAGE_GET_BIOS:"

这样才是正确的,即break放在case语句右括号之前