玩转TypeScript(1) --定义简单的类

相对于JavaScript来说，TypeScript增强了强制类型，同时添加了一系列的面向对象的特性，包含：静态类型（Static typing）、类（Classes）、接口（Interfaces）、模块（Modules），它只是一门设计时语言，也就是说在运行时依然是JavaScript引擎，TypeScript只是确保在设计时可以具有现代面向对象的语言的功能。

通过一个示例来看一下在TypeScript中定义类和静态方法，以WisOne IDE为例，打开WisOne IDE，在窗口上拖一个Button按钮。单击左侧项目视图的“Design“面板，在属性面板中更改其name属性为btnButton，Caption属性值为“显示当前日期“，再拖一个TEdit控件，设置其Name属性为EdtDate，Text属性为空。双击按钮进入到代码编辑器，在编辑器中可以看到Form本身是做为一个类存在，为了演示类的创建，这里在unit1下面新建了一个示例类，如下代码所示：

 module Unit1{
     //创建一个新的类
     export class MyFirstClass{
         //定义一个静态的方法用来显示日期
         static DisplayDate(edit1:Core.StdCtrls.TEdit):void{
             //实例化日期类型
             var currentDate:Date=new Date();
             //显示当前日期字符串
               edit1.text=currentDate.toLocaleDateString();
         }
     }

     export class TForm1 extends Core.Forms.TForm{
         btnDate: Core.StdCtrls.TButton;
         edtDate: Core.StdCtrls.TEdit;

         btnDateClick(sender: Core.Classes.TComponent){
           //调用模块Unit1下的MyFirstClass下的静态方法DisplayDate显示日期
           Unit1.MyFirstClass.DisplayDate(this.edtDate);
         }

     }
 }

TypeScript中有static关键字表明方法是一个静态方法，也就是说DisplayDate可以不用使用new进行实例化就能直接调用熟悉C#语言的会很熟悉这样的语法，在名为Unit1的Module下面，WisOne IDE自动生成了一个名为TForm1的类，我在这里定义了一个名为MyFirstClass的类，也就是说现在有2个类在Module下面，在btnDate的单击事件处理代码中，通过调用MyFirstClass类中的静态方法，就显示了当前的日期。在WisOne IDE中的运行效果如下图所示：

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" alt="" width="600" height="363" />

Module、Class以及static这些显示的面向对象的关键字，让TypeScript的代码更加简洁，容易架构。而且对类型的支持这足以让代码容易给别人接手，在我看来，确实是让人心动。

有兴趣的朋友可以进入http://www.wisone.com/ide试着玩一下这个简单的类代码。