Kubernetes的搭建与配置（一）：集群环境搭建

1、环境介绍及准备：

1.1 物理机操作系统

　　物理机操作系统采用Centos7.3 64位，细节如下。

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.-514.6..el7.x86_64 # SMP Wed Jan  :: UTC  x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.3. (Core)

1.2 主机信息

　　本文准备了三台机器用于部署k8s的运行环境，细节如下：

节点及功能	主机名	IP
Master、etcd、registry	K8s-master	192.168.90.80
Node1	K8s-node-1	192.168.90.81
Node2	K8s-node-2	192.168.90.82

设置三台机器的主机名：

Master上执行：

[root@localhost ~]#  hostnamectl --static set-hostname  k8s-master

Node1上执行：

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl --static set-hostname  k8s-node-

Node2上执行：

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl --static set-hostname  k8s-node-

在三台机器上设置hosts，均执行如下命令：

echo '10.0.251.148    k8s-master

10.0.251.148   etcd

10.0.251.148   registry

10.0.251.153   k8s-node-

10.0.251.155    k8s-node-' >> /etc/hosts

1.3 关闭三台机器上的防火墙

systemctl disable firewalld

systemctl stop firewalld

2、部署etcd

k8s运行依赖etcd，需要先部署etcd，本文采用yum方式安装：

[root@localhost ~]# yum install etcd -y

yum安装的etcd默认配置文件在/etc/etcd/etcd.conf。编辑配置文件，更改以下带颜色部分信息：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

# [member]

ETCD_NAME=master

ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"

#ETCD_WAL_DIR=""

#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT=""

#ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL=""

#ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT=""

#ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2380"

ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"

#ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS=""

#ETCD_MAX_WALS=""

#ETCD_CORS=""

#

#[cluster]

#ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://localhost:2380"

# if you use different ETCD_NAME (e.g. test), set ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER value for this name, i.e. "test=http://..."

#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="default=http://localhost:2380"

#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"

ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd:2379"

#ETCD_DISCOVERY=""

#ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV=""

#ETCD_DISCOVERY_FALLBACK="proxy"

#ETCD_DISCOVERY_PROXY=""

启动并验证状态

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable etcd

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start etcd

[root@localhost ~]# etcdctl set testdir/testkey0 

[root@localhost ~]# etcdctl get testdir/testkey0

[root@localhost ~]# etcdctl -C http://etcd:2379 cluster-health

member 8e9e05c52164694d is healthy: got healthy result from http://0.0.0.0:2379

cluster is healthy

扩展：Etcd集群部署参见——http://www.cnblogs.com/zhenyuyaodidiao/p/6237019.html

3、部署master

3.1 安装Docker

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install docker -y

配置Docker配置文件，使其允许从registry中拉取镜像。

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/docker

# /etc/sysconfig/docker

# Modify these options if you want to change the way the docker daemon runs

OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false'

if [ -z "${DOCKER_CERT_PATH}" ]; then

    DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/etc/docker

fi

OPTIONS='--insecure-registry registry:5000'

设置开机自启动并开启服务

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable docker

[root@k8s-master ~]# service docker start

查看docker版本

[root@k8s-master ~]# docker --version

Docker version 1.13., build /1.13.

3.2 安装kubernets

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install kubernetes

3.3 配置并启动kubernetes

在kubernetes master上需要运行以下组件：

　　　　Kubernets API Server

　　　　Kubernets Controller Manager

　　　　Kubernets Scheduler

相应的要更改以下几个配置中带颜色部分信息：

3.3.1 /etc/kubernetes/apiserver

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver

###

# kubernetes system config

#

# The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver

#

# The address on the local server to listen to.

KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"

# The port on the local server to listen on.

KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"

# Port minions listen on

# KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"

# Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster

KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://etcd:2379"

# Address range to use for services

KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"

# default admission control policies

#KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota"

KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota"

# Add your own!

KUBE_API_ARGS=""

3.3.2 /etc/kubernetes/config

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/config

###

# kubernetes system config

#

# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all

# kubernetes services, including

#

#   kube-apiserver.service

#   kube-controller-manager.service

#   kube-scheduler.service

#   kubelet.service

#   kube-proxy.service

# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal

KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"

# journal message level,  is debug

KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"

# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers

KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=false"

# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver

KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://k8s-master:8080"

启动服务并设置开机自启动

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler

4、部署node（node1、node2）

------------------------以node1为例 --------------------------

4.1 安装docker

[root@k8s-node- ~]# yum install docker -y

配置Docker配置文件，使其允许从registry中拉取镜像。

[root@k8s-node- ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/docker

# /etc/sysconfig/docker

# Modify these options if you want to change the way the docker daemon runs

OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false'

if [ -z "${DOCKER_CERT_PATH}" ]; then

    DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/etc/docker

fi

OPTIONS='--insecure-registry registry:5000'

设置开机自启动并开启服务

[root@k8s-node- ~]# systemctl enable docker

[root@k8s-node- ~]# service docker start

查看docker版本

[root@k8s-node- ~]# docker --version

Docker version 1.13., build /1.13.

4.2 安装kubernets

[root@k8s-node- ~]# yum install kubernetes

4.3 配置并启动kubernetes

　　在kubernetes node上需要运行以下组件：

　　　　Kubelet

　　　　Kubernets Proxy

相应的要更改以下几个配置文中带颜色部分信息：

4.3.1 /etc/kubernetes/config

[root@K8s-node- ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/config

###

# kubernetes system config

#

# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all

# kubernetes services, including

#

#   kube-apiserver.service

#   kube-controller-manager.service

#   kube-scheduler.service

#   kubelet.service

#   kube-proxy.service

# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal

KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"

# journal message level,  is debug

KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"

# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers

KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=false"

# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver

KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://k8s-master:8080"

4.3.2 /etc/kubernetes/kubelet

[root@K8s-node- ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet

###

# kubernetes kubelet (minion) config

# The address for the info server to serve on (set to 0.0.0.0 or "" for all interfaces)

KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"

# The port for the info server to serve on

# KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"

# You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname

KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=k8s-node-1"

# location of the api-server

KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://k8s-master:8080"

# pod infrastructure container

KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod-infra-container-image=registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest"

# Add your own!

KUBELET_ARGS=""

启动服务并设置开机自启动

[root@K8s-node- ~]systemctl enable kubelet

[root@K8s-node- ~]systemctl start kubelet

[root@K8s-node- ~]systemctl enable kube-proxy

[root@K8s-node- ~]systemctl start kube-proxy

4.4 查看状态

在master上查看集群中节点及节点状态

[root@k8s-master ~]#  kubectl -s http://k8s-master:8080 get node

NAME         STATUS    AGE

k8s-node-   Ready     3m

k8s-node-   Ready     16s

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes

NAME         STATUS    AGE

k8s-node-   Ready     3m

k8s-node-   Ready     43s

至此，已经搭建了一个kubernetes集群，但目前该集群还不能很好的工作，请继续后续的步骤。

5、创建覆盖网络——Flannel

5.1 安装Flannel

　　在master、node上均执行如下命令，进行安装

yum install flannel

5.2 配置Flannel

　　master、node上均编辑/etc/sysconfig/flanneld，修改红色部分

vim /etc/sysconfig/flanneld

# Flanneld configuration options

# etcd url location.  Point this to the server where etcd runs

FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://etcd:2379"

# etcd config key.  This is the configuration key that flannel queries

# For address range assignment

FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/atomic.io/network"

# Any additional options that you want to pass

#FLANNEL_OPTIONS=""

5.3 配置etcd中关于flannel的key

　　Flannel使用Etcd进行配置，来保证多个Flannel实例之间的配置一致性，所以需要在etcd上进行如下配置：（‘/atomic.io/network/config’这个key与上文/etc/sysconfig/flannel中的配置项FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX是相对应的，错误的话启动就会出错）

[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config '{ "Network": "10.0.0.0/16" }'

{ "Network": "10.0.0.0/16" }

5.4 启动

　　启动Flannel之后，需要依次重启docker、kubernete。

在master执行：

systemctl enable flanneld

systemctl start flanneld

systemctl restart docker

systemctl restart kube-apiserver

systemctl restart kube-controller-manager

systemctl restart kube-scheduler

在node上执行：

systemctl enable flanneld

systemctl start flanneld

systemctl restart docker

systemctl restart kubelet

systemctl restart kube-proxy

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhenyuyaodidiao/p/6500830.html