一、简介

很久之前写了一篇 《.Net Core 2.0+ InfluxDB+Grafana+App Metrics 实现跨平台的实时性能监控》关于NetCore性能监控的文章，使用Influxdb+AppMetrics进行项目性能监控，由于技术有限，在正式环境使用一段时间后，莫名的AppMetrics就没办法往influxdb中插入数据了，后来我也在App Metrics作者的github上留言了，并且作者也根据我阐述的情况做了测试，没有复现我的问题，最后这个问题就不了了知了，然后项目性能监控这个事搁置了一段时间，直到2018年参加上海.net线下技术沙龙，在会场首次听到skywalking，那时候skywalking正在做NetCore的支持，会后回到公司便开始关注skywalking，知道skywalking支持NetCore后，第一时间在公司的项目中运用了skywalking。

二、安装环境

要想使用skywalking，首先得安装相关环境。本文以windows为例。

1、安装java sdk（如果不会配置java环境的话，请参考百度百科：https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/08b6a591bdb18314a80922a0.html）

2、java环境安装完成后，下载Elasticsearch进行安装 https://www.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch （本文使用skywalking 6.x版本，6.x版本对应使用ES 6.x版本，请自行下载对应版本）

3、下载完Elasticsearch 后将Elasticsearch解压到安装位置，以我电脑为例，我安装在D:\Program Files

4、修改ES配置，进入ES文件下的：\config，找到elasticsearch.yml，打开后修改如下配置：

 # ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================

 #

 # NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.

 #       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you

 #       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.

 #

 # The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists

 # the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.

 #

 # Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:

 # https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html

 #

 # ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------

 #

 # Use a descriptive name for your cluster:

 #

 cluster.name: myskywalking

 #

 # ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------

 #

 # Use a descriptive name for the node:

 #

 node.name: node-

 #

 # Add custom attributes to the node:

 #

 #node.attr.rack: r1

 #

 # ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------

 #

 # Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):

 #

 path.data: D:/Program Files/elasticsearch-6.6./path/to/data

 #

 # Path to log files:

 #

 path.logs: D:/Program Files/elasticsearch-6.6./path/to/logs

 #

 # ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------

 #

 # Lock the memory on startup:

 #

 bootstrap.memory_lock: false

 #

 # Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available

 # on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this

 # limit.

 #

 # Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.

 #

 # ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------

 #

 # Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):

 #

 network.host: 0.0.0.0

 http.port:

 http.cors.enabled: true

 http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

 http.cors.allow-methods: OPTIONS,HEAD,GET,POST,PUT,DELETE

 http.cors.allow-headers: "X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Content-Length, X-Users"

 #

 # For more information, consult the network module documentation.

 #

 # --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------

 #

 # Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:

 # The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]

 #

 #discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["host1", "host2"]

 #

 # Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes /  + ):

 #

 #discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes:

 #

 # For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.

 #

 # ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------

 #

 # Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:

 #

 #gateway.recover_after_nodes:

 #

 # For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.

 #

 # ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------

 #

 # Require explicit names when deleting indices:

 #

 #action.destructive_requires_name: true

修改好elasticsearch.yml文件后，打开cmd命令，进入到D:\Program Files\elasticsearch-6.6.2\bin，bin文件夹下，输入如下命令：  elasticsearch-service.bat install  将ES安装成windows，这样就可以方便系统重启后自动启动

然后将服务启动后即可

5、接下来下载skywalking，http://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/

选择版本为 ：6.0.0-GA 的下载

三、配置和效果

1、在本地电脑中创建一个文件夹（注意：本人亲自躺过的坑，skywalking服务必须放在无空格的文件夹，比如：Program Files这个文件是绝对不能放的，不然服务运行的时候只会一闪而过，连log日志都不会生成，切记！切记！切记！）

我在D盘下创建了一个叫skyworkingService文件，路径如下：D:\skyworkingService

将下好的skywalking解压到该目录下，命名为skywalking-apm-GA，路径如下：D:\skyworkingService\skywalking-apm-GA

接着，打开config文件，找到application.yml文件，修改其配置如下：

 # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

 # or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

 # distributed with this work for additional information

 # regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

 # to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

 # "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

 # with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

 #

 #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 #

 # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

 # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

 # limitations under the License.

 cluster:

   standalone:

   # Please check your ZooKeeper is 3.5+, However, it is also compatible with ZooKeeper 3.4.x. Replace the ZooKeeper 3.5+

   # library the oap-libs folder with your ZooKeeper 3.4.x library.

 #  zookeeper:

 #    nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}

 #    hostPort: ${SW_CLUSTER_ZK_HOST_PORT:localhost:}

 #    #Retry Policy

 #    baseSleepTimeMs: ${SW_CLUSTER_ZK_SLEEP_TIME:} # initial amount of time to wait between retries

 #    maxRetries: ${SW_CLUSTER_ZK_MAX_RETRIES:} # max number of times to retry

 #  kubernetes:

 #    watchTimeoutSeconds: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_WATCH_TIMEOUT:}

 #    namespace: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_NAMESPACE:default}

 #    labelSelector: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_LABEL:app=collector,release=skywalking}

 #    uidEnvName: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_UID:SKYWALKING_COLLECTOR_UID}

 #  consul:

 #    serviceName: ${SW_SERVICE_NAME:"SkyWalking_OAP_Cluster"}

 #     Consul cluster nodes, example: 10.0.0.1:,10.0.0.2:,10.0.0.3:

 #    hostPort: ${SW_CLUSTER_CONSUL_HOST_PORT:localhost:}

 core:

   default:

     restHost: ${SW_CORE_REST_HOST:0.0.0.0}

     restPort: ${SW_CORE_REST_PORT:}

     restContextPath: ${SW_CORE_REST_CONTEXT_PATH:/}

     gRPCHost: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_HOST:0.0.0.0}

     gRPCPort: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_PORT:}

     downsampling:

     - Hour

     - Day

     - Month

     # Set a timeout on metric data. After the timeout has expired, the metric data will automatically be deleted.

     recordDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_RECORD_DATA_TTL:} # Unit is minute

     minuteMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MINUTE_METRIC_DATA_TTL:} # Unit is minute

     hourMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_HOUR_METRIC_DATA_TTL:} # Unit is hour

     dayMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_DAY_METRIC_DATA_TTL:} # Unit is day

     monthMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MONTH_METRIC_DATA_TTL:} # Unit is month

 storage:

   # h2:

     # driver: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_DRIVER:org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource}

     # url: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_URL:jdbc:h2:mem:skywalking-oap-db}

     # user: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_USER:sa}

  elasticsearch:

    nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:"myskywalking"}

    clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:localhost:}

    indexShardsNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_SHARDS_NUMBER:}

    indexReplicasNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_REPLICAS_NUMBER:}

    # Batch process setting, refer to https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/5.5/java-docs-bulk-processor.html

    bulkActions: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_ACTIONS:} # Execute the bulk every  requests

    bulkSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_SIZE:} # flush the bulk every 20mb

    flushInterval: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_FLUSH_INTERVAL:} # flush the bulk every  seconds whatever the number of requests

    concurrentRequests: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS:} # the number of concurrent requests

 receiver-register:

   default:

 receiver-trace:

   default:

     bufferPath: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_PATH:../trace-buffer/}  # Path to trace buffer files, suggest to use absolute path

     bufferOffsetMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_OFFSET_MAX_FILE_SIZE:} # Unit is MB

     bufferDataMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_DATA_MAX_FILE_SIZE:} # Unit is MB

     bufferFileCleanWhenRestart: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_FILE_CLEAN_WHEN_RESTART:false}

     sampleRate: ${SW_TRACE_SAMPLE_RATE:} # The sample rate precision is /.  means % sample in default.

 receiver-jvm:

   default:

 #service-mesh:

 #  default:

 #    bufferPath: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_PATH:../mesh-buffer/}  # Path to trace buffer files, suggest to use absolute path

 #    bufferOffsetMaxFileSize: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_OFFSET_MAX_FILE_SIZE:} # Unit is MB

 #    bufferDataMaxFileSize: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_DATA_MAX_FILE_SIZE:} # Unit is MB

 #    bufferFileCleanWhenRestart: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_FILE_CLEAN_WHEN_RESTART:false}

 #istio-telemetry:

 #  default:

 #receiver_zipkin:

 #  default:

 #    host: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_HOST:0.0.0.0}

 #    port: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_PORT:}

 #    contextPath: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_CONTEXT_PATH:/}

 query:

   graphql:

     path: ${SW_QUERY_GRAPHQL_PATH:/graphql}

 alarm:

   default:

 telemetry:

   none:

修改完成后，进入到bin文件中，右键单击startup.bat，以管理员权限运行，即可看到如下弹框

弹出这两个框说明服务已经启动了

这个时候访问http://localhost:8080，即可看到如下界面：

默认账号admin，密码admin，登录后看看到想要的监控数据和各服务直接的拓扑图，因为我的服务跑了一段时间，所以下面的界面是有数据的：

2、由于启动skywalking后会弹出两个命令窗口，所以如果运维人员不小心关了窗口的话服务自然就停掉了，所以为了避免这种问题，我们还可以将bin文件夹下的oapService.bat和webappService.bat进行配置，如下：

 @REM

 @REM  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

 @REM  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with

 @REM  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

 @REM  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

 @REM  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

 @REM  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

 @REM

 @REM      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 @REM

 @REM  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

 @REM  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

 @REM  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

 @REM  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

 @REM  limitations under the License.

 @echo off

 setlocal

 set OAP_PROCESS_TITLE=Skywalking-Collector

 set OAP_HOME=%~dp0%..

 set OAP_OPTS="-Xms256M -Xmx512M -Doap.logDir=%OAP_HOME%\logs"

 set CLASSPATH=%OAP_HOME%\config;.;

 set CLASSPATH=%OAP_HOME%\oap-libs\*;%CLASSPATH%

 if defined JAVA_HOME (

  set _EXECJAVA="%JAVA_HOME%\bin\javaw"

 )

 if not defined JAVA_HOME (

  echo "JAVA_HOME not set."

  set _EXECJAVA=javaw

 )

 start "%OAP_PROCESS_TITLE%" %_EXECJAVA% "%OAP_OPTS%" -cp "%CLASSPATH%" org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.starter.OAPServerStartUp

 endlocal

oapService.bat

 @REM

 @REM  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

 @REM  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with

 @REM  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

 @REM  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

 @REM  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

 @REM  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

 @REM

 @REM      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 @REM

 @REM  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

 @REM  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

 @REM  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

 @REM  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

 @REM  limitations under the License.

 @echo off

 setlocal

 set WEBAPP_PROCESS_TITLE=Skywalking-Webapp

 set WEBAPP_HOME=%~dp0%..

 set JARPATH=%WEBAPP_HOME%\webapp

 set WEBAPP_LOG_DIR=%WEBAPP_HOME%\logs

 if exist "%WEBAPP_LOG_DIR%" (

     mkdir "%WEBAPP_LOG_DIR%"

 )

 set LOG_FILE_LOCATION=%WEBAPP_LOG_DIR%\webapp.log

 if defined JAVA_HOME (

  set _EXECJAVA="%JAVA_HOME%\bin\javaw"

 )

 if not defined JAVA_HOME (

  echo "JAVA_HOME not set."

  set _EXECJAVA=javaw

 )

 start "%WEBAPP_PROCESS_TITLE%" %_EXECJAVA%  -jar %JARPATH%/skywalking-webapp.jar --spring.config.location=%JARPATH%/webapp.yml --logging.file=%LOG_FILE_LOCATION%

 endlocal

webappService.bat

其实只是将文件里的java改成了javaw，这样就可以在后台运行了，保存后再次运行startup.bat文件，这个时候界面上会有个cmd命令界面一闪而过，不要慌，我们打开资源管理器看看，会发现进程中多了两个名为“javaw.exe”的进程

这个时候访问：http://localhost:8080 一样可以看到上面的ui界面！

至此，skywalking的所有环境皆搭建完毕，接下来，在我们项目中添加skywalking的探针，方便skywalking收集我们项目中的数据

四、项目引用skywalking探针

新建一个NetCore的webapi，然后在引用中引用 SkyWalking.AspNetCore（已过期）SkyAPM.Agent.AspNetCore 0.8.0 如图：

项目引用后，在项目中添加环境变量，可以使用skywalking 官网使用说明书中的命令，进入项目文件夹，给项目配置环境变量并运行

（

set ASPNETCORE_HOSTINGSTARTUPASSEMBLIES=SkyAPM.Agent.AspNetCore

set SKYWALKING__SERVICENAME=sample_app

dotnet run

）

也可以自己手动给项目添加环境变量，本文以给项目添加环境变量为例：

在项目的Properties下找到launchSettings.json，按上图所示，在environmentVariables节点下分别添加一下环境变量：

"ASPNETCORE_HOSTINGSTARTUPASSEMBLIES": "SkyAPM.Agent.AspNetCore",
"SKYWALKING__SERVICENAME": "sample_app"

添加完环境变量后，打开cmd，进入到项目根目录（比如我项目是在F:\NEW_TMS\OtherProject\V1.0\XiangYu.AreaModules\WebApi.AreaServer 这个目录下，切记一定要进入到项目根目录，不然配置文件就生成到别的地方去了）

运行一下代码 安装SkyAPM.Dotnet.CLI：

dotnet tool install -g SkyAPM.DotNet.CLI

然使用skyapm生成配置文件，命令如下：

dotnet skyapm config sample_app 192.168.0.1:

其中192.168.0.1:11800是上面我们安装完成的skywalking服务端里配置的，将这个ip改成上面服务器的ip即可

执行完上面的命令后，项目下会生成一个名为skyapm.json的文件，其中的代码如下：

{

  "SkyWalking": {

    "ServiceName": "sample_app",

    "Namespace": "",

    "HeaderVersions": [

      "sw6"

    ],

    "Sampling": {

      "SamplePer3Secs": -1,

      "Percentage": -1.0

    },

    "Logging": {

      "Level": "Information",

      "FilePath": "logs\\skyapm-{Date}.log"

    },

    "Transport": {

      "Interval": 3000,

      "ProtocolVersion": "v6",

      "QueueSize": 30000,

      "BatchSize": 3000,

      "gRPC": {

        "Servers": "192.168.0.1:11800",

        "Timeout": 10000,

        "ConnectTimeout": 10000,

        "ReportTimeout": 600000

      }

    }

  }

}

skyapm.json文件不一定要使用命令生成，也可自己在项目中创建一个名为skyapm.json的文件，然后将上面代码复制进去，修改其ip即可

在vs中右键单击skyapm.json，选择属性——》复制到输出目录——》如果较新则复制

然后选择控制台运行项目即可

运行代码后，项目根目录下会自动生成logs文件夹，该日志文件已skyapm- 为开头命名，打开后可以查看当前服务的skywalking探针运行情况，

五、结束

日志如上图所示，即证明skywalking探针已经成功，接下来请求一下你的接口，然后进入skywalking的ui中看看你的成果吧！

（

　　如果服务运行在docker中，请在docker-compose中设置环境变量，不然skywalking是运行不起来的，我们是将docker环境变量存入到一个.env文件中，如图

　　

　　

　　这样docker运行之后会就会有相关环境变量了

）

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