Poco C++库网络模块例子解析2-------HttpServer

//下面程序取自 Poco 库的Net模块例子----HTTPServer  下面开始解析代码

#include "Poco/Net/HTTPServer.h"   //继承自TCPServer 实现了一个完整的HTTP多线程服务器

#include "Poco/Net/HTTPRequestHandler.h"   //抽象基类类 被HttpServer所创建 用来处理Http的请求

#include "Poco/Net/HTTPRequestHandlerFactory.h" //HTTPRequestHandler的工厂 给予工厂设计模式

#include "Poco/Net/HTTPServerParams.h"    //被用来指定httpserver以及HTTPRequestHandler的参数

#include "Poco/Net/HTTPServerRequest.h"  //ServerRequest的抽象子类用来指定 服务器端的 http请求

#include "Poco/Net/HTTPServerResponse.h" //ServerResponse的抽象子类用来指定服务器端的http响应

#include "Poco/Net/ServerSocket.h"  //提供了一个TCP服务器套接字接口

#include "Poco/Net/WebSocket.h"  //这个类实现了RFC 6455 web套接字接口  专门针对web服务器用

#include "Poco/Net/NetException.h"  //网络异常

#include "Poco/Util/ServerApplication.h" //Application的子类 所有服务器程序 包括 Reactor FTP HTTP等都用到 算是服务器的启动类

#include "Poco/Util/Option.h"  //存储了命令行选项

#include "Poco/Util/OptionSet.h"  //一个Opention对象的集合

#include "Poco/Util/HelpFormatter.h" //从OptionSet格式化帮助信息

#include "Poco/Format.h"  //格式化函数的实现类似于 C的 sprintf函数 具体看文档

#include <iostream>

using Poco::Net::ServerSocket;

using Poco::Net::WebSocket;

using Poco::Net::WebSocketException;

using Poco::Net::HTTPRequestHandler;

using Poco::Net::HTTPRequestHandlerFactory;

using Poco::Net::HTTPServer;

using Poco::Net::HTTPServerRequest;

using Poco::Net::HTTPResponse;

using Poco::Net::HTTPServerResponse;

using Poco::Net::HTTPServerParams;

using Poco::Timestamp;

using Poco::ThreadPool;

using Poco::Util::ServerApplication;

using Poco::Util::Application;

using Poco::Util::Option;

using Poco::Util::OptionSet;

using Poco::Util::HelpFormatter;

//////页面处理器 链接到来的时候 直接打印html内容

class PageRequestHandler: public HTTPRequestHandler

    /// Return a HTML document with some JavaScript creating

    /// a WebSocket connection.

{

public:

    void handleRequest(HTTPServerRequest& request, HTTPServerResponse& response)

    {

        response.setChunkedTransferEncoding(true);

        response.setContentType("text/html");

        std::ostream& ostr = response.send();

        ostr << "<html>";

        ostr << "<head>";

        ostr << "<title>WebSocketServer</title>";

        ostr << "<script type=\"text/javascript\">";

        ostr << "function WebSocketTest()";

        ostr << "{";

        ostr << "  if (\"WebSocket\" in window)";

        ostr << "  {";

        ostr << "    var ws = new WebSocket(\"ws://" << request.serverAddress().toString() << "/ws\");";

        ostr << "    ws.onopen = function()";

        ostr << "      {";

        ostr << "        ws.send(\"Hello, world!\");";

        ostr << "      };";

        ostr << "    ws.onmessage = function(evt)";

        ostr << "      { ";

        ostr << "        var msg = evt.data;";

        ostr << "        alert(\"Message received: \" + msg);";

        ostr << "        ws.close();";

        ostr << "      };";

        ostr << "    ws.onclose = function()";

        ostr << "      { ";

        ostr << "        alert(\"WebSocket closed.\");";

        ostr << "      };";

        ostr << "  }";

        ostr << "  else";

        ostr << "  {";

        ostr << "     alert(\"This browser does not support WebSockets.\");";

        ostr << "  }";

        ostr << "}";

        ostr << "</script>";

        ostr << "</head>";

        ostr << "<body>";

        ostr << "  <h1>WebSocket Server</h1>";

        ostr << "  <p><a href=\"javascript:WebSocketTest()\">Run WebSocket Script</a></p>";

        ostr << "</body>";

        ostr << "</html>";

    }

};

/////////http请求处理器 1

class WebSocketRequestHandler: public HTTPRequestHandler

    /// Handle a WebSocket connection.

{

public:

    void handleRequest(HTTPServerRequest& request, HTTPServerResponse& response)

    {

        Application& app = Application::instance();

        try

        {

            WebSocket ws(request, response);

            app.logger().information("WebSocket connection established.");

            char buffer[];

            int flags;

            int n;

            do

            {

                n = ws.receiveFrame(buffer, sizeof(buffer), flags);

                app.logger().information(Poco::format("Frame received (length=%d, flags=0x%x).", n, unsigned(flags)));

                ws.sendFrame(buffer, n, flags);

            }

            while (n >  || (flags & WebSocket::FRAME_OP_BITMASK) != WebSocket::FRAME_OP_CLOSE);

            app.logger().information("WebSocket connection closed.");

        }

        catch (WebSocketException& exc)

        {

            app.logger().log(exc);

            switch (exc.code())

            {

            case WebSocket::WS_ERR_HANDSHAKE_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION:

                response.set("Sec-WebSocket-Version", WebSocket::WEBSOCKET_VERSION);

                // fallthrough

            case WebSocket::WS_ERR_NO_HANDSHAKE:

            case WebSocket::WS_ERR_HANDSHAKE_NO_VERSION:

            case WebSocket::WS_ERR_HANDSHAKE_NO_KEY:

                response.setStatusAndReason(HTTPResponse::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);

                response.setContentLength();

                response.send();

                break;

            }

        }

    }

};

//HTTP请求处理器工厂

class RequestHandlerFactory: public HTTPRequestHandlerFactory

{

public:

    HTTPRequestHandler* createRequestHandler(const HTTPServerRequest& request) //覆盖方法

    {

        Application& app = Application::instance();

        app.logger().information("Request from "

            + request.clientAddress().toString()

            + ": "

            + request.getMethod()

            + " "

            + request.getURI()

            + " "

            + request.getVersion());

            
//打印所有链接请求

        for (HTTPServerRequest::ConstIterator it = request.begin(); it != request.end(); ++it)

        {

            app.logger().information(it->first + ": " + it->second);

        }

        //可以选择输出html页面 或者不输出  通过http请求参数

        if(request.find("Upgrade") != request.end() && request["Upgrade"] == "websocket")

            return new WebSocketRequestHandler;

        else

            return new PageRequestHandler;

    }

};

//////////网络应用程序的启动器 都是ServerApplication

class WebSocketServer: public Poco::Util::ServerApplication

{

public:

    WebSocketServer(): _helpRequested(false)

    {

    }

    ~WebSocketServer()

    {

    }

protected:
    ///再启动的时候先调用

    void initialize(Application& self)

    {

        loadConfiguration(); // load default configuration files, if present

        ServerApplication::initialize(self);

    }

    //在释放的时候调用

    void uninitialize()

    {

        ServerApplication::uninitialize();

    }

   
   ///覆盖基类的函数 定义一些命令选项

    void defineOptions(OptionSet& options)

    {

        ServerApplication::defineOptions(options);

        options.addOption(

            Option("help", "h", "display help information on command line arguments")

                .required(false)

                .repeatable(false));

    }

   ///处理命令行选项

    void handleOption(const std::string& name, const std::string& value)

    {

        ServerApplication::handleOption(name, value);

        if (name == "help")

            _helpRequested = true;

    }

  
  //打印帮助

    void displayHelp()

    {

        HelpFormatter helpFormatter(options());

        helpFormatter.setCommand(commandName());

        helpFormatter.setUsage("OPTIONS");

        helpFormatter.setHeader("A sample HTTP server supporting the WebSocket protocol.");

        helpFormatter.format(std::cout);

    }

    //在初始化完毕之后调用

    int main(const std::vector<std::string>& args)

    {

        if (_helpRequested)

        {

            displayHelp();

        }

        else

        {

            // get parameters from configuration file
            //从配置文件中获取端口

            unsigned short port = (unsigned short) config().getInt("WebSocketServer.port", );

            // 安装一个ServerSocket

            ServerSocket svs(port);

            // s安装一个HttpServer实例  并且传递 请求处理器工厂  和一个HttpServerParams对象

            HTTPServer srv(new RequestHandlerFactory, svs, new HTTPServerParams);

            // 启动服务器

            srv.start();

            // 等待kill 或者控制台CTRL+C

            waitForTerminationRequest();

            // 停止HTTP服务器

            srv.stop();

        }

        return Application::EXIT_OK;  //返回正常退出状态

    }

private:

    bool _helpRequested;

};

//启动web 服务器

POCO_SERVER_MAIN(WebSocketServer)

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