ethereumjs/ethereumjs-vm-5-vm对象
1.运行文件
var Buffer = require('safe-buffer').Buffer // use for Node.js <4.5.0
var VM = require('./index.js')
// create a new VM instance
var vm = new VM({chain : 'rinkeby'})//设置连接的为Rinkeby链
console.log(vm);
2.分析返回的vm对象：
VM {
opts: { chain: 'rinkeby' },
_common:
Common {
_chainParams:
{ name: 'rinkeby',
chainId: ,
networkId: ,
comment: 'PoA test network',
url: 'https://www.rinkeby.io',
genesis:
{ hash:
'0x6341fd3daf94b748c72ced5a5b26028f2474f5f00d824504e4fa37a75767e177',
timestamp: '0x58ee40ba',
gasLimit: ,
difficulty: ,
nonce: '0x0000000000000000',
extraData:
'0x52657370656374206d7920617574686f7269746168207e452e436172746d616e42eb768f2244c8811c63729a21a3569731535f067ffc57839b00206d1ad20c69a1981b489f772031b279182d99e65703f0076e4812653aab85fca0f00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
stateRoot:
'0x53580584816f617295ea26c0e17641e0120cab2f0a8ffb53a866fd53aa8e8c2d' },
hardforks:
[ { name: 'chainstart', block: , consensus: 'poa', finality: null },
{ name: 'homestead', block: , consensus: 'poa', finality: null },
{ name: 'dao', block: null, consensus: 'poa', finality: null },
{ name: 'tangerineWhistle',
block: ,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'spuriousDragon',
block: ,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'byzantium',
block: ,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'constantinople',
block: null,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'hybridCasper',
block: null,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: 'pos' } ],
bootstrapNodes:
[ { ip: '52.169.42.101',
port: ,
id:
'a24ac7c5484ef4ed0c5eb2d36620ba4e4aa13b8c84684e1b4aab0cebea2ae45cb4d375b77eab56516d34bfbd3c1a833fc51296ff084b770b94fb9028c4d25ccf',
location: 'IE',
comment: '' },
{ ip: '52.3.158.184',
port: ,
id:
'343149e4feefa15d882d9fe4ac7d88f885bd05ebb735e547f12e12080a9fa07c8014ca6fd7f373123488102fe5e34111f8509cf0b7de3f5b44339c9f25e87cb8',
location: '',
comment: 'INFURA' } ] },
_hardfork: 'byzantium',
_supportedHardforks: [ 'byzantium', 'constantinople' ] },
stateManager:
StateManager {
_common:
Common {
_chainParams:
{ name: 'rinkeby',
chainId: ,
networkId: ,
comment: 'PoA test network',
url: 'https://www.rinkeby.io',
genesis:
{ hash:
'0x6341fd3daf94b748c72ced5a5b26028f2474f5f00d824504e4fa37a75767e177',
timestamp: '0x58ee40ba',
gasLimit: ,
difficulty: ,
nonce: '0x0000000000000000',
extraData:
'0x52657370656374206d7920617574686f7269746168207e452e436172746d616e42eb768f2244c8811c63729a21a3569731535f067ffc57839b00206d1ad20c69a1981b489f772031b279182d99e65703f0076e4812653aab85fca0f00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
stateRoot:
'0x53580584816f617295ea26c0e17641e0120cab2f0a8ffb53a866fd53aa8e8c2d' },
hardforks://从这里可以看出到哪个区块使用的是哪个硬分叉的类型
[ { name: 'chainstart', block: , consensus: 'poa', finality: null },//第0个，即初始区块使用的是chainstart
{ name: 'homestead', block: , consensus: 'poa', finality: null },//第一个区块使用的是homestead
{ name: 'dao', block: null, consensus: 'poa', finality: null },//没有使用这种硬分叉类型
{ name: 'tangerineWhistle',//第二个区块使用的是tangerineWhistle
block: ,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'spuriousDragon',//从三个区块到第1035300使用的是spuriousDragon
block: ,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'byzantium',//从第1035301个区块到后面使用的都是该硬分叉，现在同步到的区块应该都是第1035301个区块之后的区块了，所以应该满足的都是byzantium硬分叉
block: ,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'constantinople',//没有使用这种硬分叉类型
block: null,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: null },
{ name: 'hybridCasper',//没有使用这种硬分叉类型
block: null,
consensus: 'poa',
finality: 'pos' } ],
bootstrapNodes://该区块链是通过连接该bootstrapNodes节点对应的区块链得到的，它会同步该节点上至今的所有区块，然后就能够在该Rinkeby区块链上进行操作了
[ { ip: '52.169.42.101',
port: ,
id:
'a24ac7c5484ef4ed0c5eb2d36620ba4e4aa13b8c84684e1b4aab0cebea2ae45cb4d375b77eab56516d34bfbd3c1a833fc51296ff084b770b94fb9028c4d25ccf',
location: 'IE',
comment: '' },
{ ip: '52.3.158.184',
port: ,
id:
'343149e4feefa15d882d9fe4ac7d88f885bd05ebb735e547f12e12080a9fa07c8014ca6fd7f373123488102fe5e34111f8509cf0b7de3f5b44339c9f25e87cb8',
location: '',
comment: 'INFURA' } ] },
_hardfork: 'byzantium',
_supportedHardforks: [ 'byzantium', 'constantinople' ] },//设置的只支持的硬分叉
_trie:
SecureTrie {
EMPTY_TRIE_ROOT:
<Buffer e8 1f 1b cc a6 ff e6 c0 f8 6e 5b e0 1b 6c ad c0 2f b5 e3 b4 >,
sem:
{ capacity: ,
current: ,
.............................
buffer: true,
type: 'ucs-2' },
utf16le:
{ encode: [Function: encode],
decode: [Function: decode],
buffer: true,
type: 'utf16le' },
'utf-16le':
{ encode: [Function: encode],
decode: [Function: decode],
buffer: true,
type: 'utf-16le' } } },
_status: 'opening',
location: '',
db:
DeferredLevelDOWN {
location: '',
status: 'new',
_db: undefined,
_operations: [],
_iterators: [] } } ],
_root:
<Buffer e8 1f 1b cc a6 ff e6 c0 f8 6e 5b e0 1b 6c ad c0 2f b5 e3 b4 >,
_scratch: null,
_checkpoints: [],
checkpoint: [Function: checkpoint],
commit: [Function: commit],
revert: [Function: revert],
_enterCpMode: [Function: _enterCpMode],
_exitCpMode: [Function: _exitCpMode],
createScratchReadStream: [Function: createScratchReadStream],
copy: [Function: bound copy],
get: [Function: bound get],
put: [Function: bound put],
del: [Function: bound del] } },
_touched: Set {},
_touchedStack: [],
_checkpointCount: },
blockchain:
{ fake: true,
getBlock: [Function: getBlock],
delBlock: [Function: delBlock],
iterator: [Function: iterator] },
allowUnlimitedContractSize: false,
emitFreeLogs: false,
_precompiled:
{ '': [Function],
'': [Function],
'': [Function],
'': [Function],
'': [Function],
'': [Function],
'': [Function],
'': [Function] },
_events: [Object: null prototype] {},
_eventsCount: ,
_maxListeners: undefined }
从上面得知url: 'https://www.rinkeby.io'，到该网站一查看：
1）其提供的连接该Rinkeby链的方法为：
https://www.rinkeby.io/#geth
geth --datadir=$HOME/.rinkeby init rinkeby.json geth --networkid= --datadir=$HOME/.rinkeby --cache= --syncmode=full --ethstats='yournode:Respect my authoritah!@stats.rinkeby.io' --bootnodes=enode://a24ac7c5484ef4ed0c5eb2d36620ba4e4aa13b8c84684e1b4aab0cebea2ae45cb4d375b77eab56516d34bfbd3c1a833fc51296ff084b770b94fb9028c4d25ccf@52.169.42.101:30303
和vm返回对象中的bootstrapNodes值是相同的
2）从其提供的rinkeby.json-构造初始区块的文件得到：
{"config":{"chainId":,"homesteadBlock":,"eip150Block":,"eip150Hash":"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000","eip155Block":,"eip158Block":,"byzantiumBlock":,"clique":{"period":,"epoch":}},"nonce":"0x0","timestamp":"0x58ee40ba","extraData":"0x52657370656374206d7920617574686f7269746168207e452e436172746d616e42eb768f2244c8811c63729a21a3569731535f067ffc57839b00206d1ad20c69a1981b489f772031b279182d99e65703f0076e4812653aab85fca0f00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000","gasLimit":"0x47b760","difficulty":"0x1","mixHash":"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000","coinbase":"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",.....
其的各个部署信息extraData、timestamp、gasLimit、difficulty等值都是相同的，说明vm上的区块链的初始区块和这个Rinkeby链的初始区块相同
从其byzantiumBlock、homesteadBlock值中设置的硬分叉位置也与vm上的区块链的硬分叉配置相同
综上所述，说明设置的区块链连接的就是这个Rinkeby链，所以在该vm上交易或构建合约实际上就是运行在这个Rinkeby测试网络上
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