python自动化之时间

cxz##############################现在时间#########################

import time

time.time()

############################程序跑了多久#######################

import time

def calcProd():

product=1

for i in range(1,100000):

product=product*i

return product

starttime=time.time()

result=calcProd()

endtime=time.time()

print('The result is %s digits long.'%(len(str(result))))

print('Took %s seconds to calculate.'%(endtime-starttime))

########################将程序阻塞###################################

import time

for i in range(3):

print('Tick')

time.sleep(5)

print('Tock')

time.sleep(10)

#IDLE中按Ctrl-C不会中断time.sleep()调用.IDLE会等待到暂停结束,再抛出

#KeyboardInterrupt异常.要绕出这个问题,不要用一次time.sleep(30)调用来

#暂停30秒,而是使用for循环执行30次time.sleep(1)调用

###########################获取时间戳#################################

import datetime

>>> datetime.datetime.now()

datetime.datetime(2017, 5, 25, 16, 23, 11, 702000)

>>> dt=datetime.datetime.now()

>>> dt.year,dt.month,dt.day

(2017, 5, 25)

>>> dt=datetime.datetime(2015,10,21,16,29,0)

>>> dt.year,dt.month,dt.day

(2015, 10, 21)

>>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(1000000)

datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 12, 21, 46, 40)

>>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(0)

datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1, 8, 0)

#########################一段时间#####################################

import datetime

>>> delta=datetime.timedelta(days=11,hours=10,minutes=9,seconds=8)

>>> delta.days,delta.seconds,delta.microseconds

(11, 36548, 0)

>>> delta.total_seconds()

986948.0

>>> delta

datetime.timedelta(11, 36548)

############################时间设置###################################

dt=datetime.datetime.now()

thousandDays=datetime.timedelta(days=1000)

dt+thousandDays

oct21st=datetime.datetime(2015,10,21,16,29,0)

aboutThirtyYears=datetime.timedelta(days=365*30)

oct21st

oct21st-aboutThirtyYears

oct21st-(2*aboutThirtyYears)

##########################暂停直至特定日期#############################

import datetime

import time

halloween2017=datetime.datetime(2017,5,27,14,45,0)

while datetime.datetime.now()<halloween2017:

time.sleep(2) #####time.sleep(1)调用将暂停程序,这样计算机不会浪费CPU处理周期,一遍又一遍检查时间

print 'w'

####################将datetime对象与字符串互转#########################

import datetime

oct21st=datetime.datetime(2015,10,21,16,29,0)

oct21st.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')

oct21st.strftime('%I:%M %p')

oct21st.strftime("%B of '%y'")

datetime.datetime.strptime('October 21,2015','%B %d,%Y')

datetime.datetime.strptime('2015/10/21 16:29:00','%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')

datetime.datetime.strptime("October of '15","%B of '%y")

######################################超级秒表########################################

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Created on Wed Jun 07 19:42:11 2017

@author: shenlu

"""

##stopwatch.py - A simple stopwatch program

import time

#Display the program's instructions.

print('Press ENTER to begin.Afterwards,press ENTER to "click" the stopwatch.Press Ctrl-C to quit.')

raw_input()                               #press Enter to begin

print('Started.')

starttime=time.time()                 #get the first lap's start time

lasttime=starttime

lapNum=1

try:

while True:

raw_input()

lapTime=round(time.time()-lasttime,2)          ####单圈时间

totalTime=round(time.time()-starttime,2)       ####总圈时间

print'Lap #%s:%s (%s)'%(lapNum.rjust(2),totalTime.rjust(2),lapTime.rjust(2)),

lapNum +=1                                     ####圈数

lasttime=time.time() #reset the last lap time

except KeyboardInterrupt:

#Handle the Ctrl-C excepetion to keep its error message from displaying.

print('\nDone.')

####当输入一个人的名字时,用当前的时间记录下他们进入或离开的时间

####显示自一项处理开始以来的时间

####间歇性地检查程序已经运行了多久,并为用户提供一个机会,取消耗时太久的任务

#################################多线程##############################################

import threading,time

print('Start of program.')

def takeANap():

time.sleep(5)

print('Wake up!')

threadObj=threading.Thread(target=takeANap)

threadObj.start()

print('End of program.')

##############并发问题：为了避免并发问题,绝不让多个线程读取或写入相同的变量###########

##############当创建一个新的Thread对象时,要确保其目标函数只使用该函数中的局部变量#####

import threading

threadObj=threading.Thread(target=print,args=['cats','Dogs','Frogs'],kwargs={'sep':' & '})

threadObj.start()

#####################################################################################

################################多进程###############################################

####################如果想在python脚本中启动一个外部程序,就将该程序的文件名

####################传递给subprocess.Popen()

import subprocess

subprocess.Popen('C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe')

calcProc=subprocess.Popen('C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe')

calcProc.poll()==None  ####调用时,若程序仍在运行,则返回None

calcProc.wait()        ####阻塞,直到启动的进程终止

calcProc.poll()        ####当wait()与poll()返回0时,说明该进程终止且无错

##########################向Popen()传递命令行参数####################################

subprocess.Popen(['C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe','C:\\Windows\\sl_loss_rate.SQL'])

#####webbrowser.open()函数可以从程序启动Web浏览器,打开指定的网站

#####而不是用subprocess.Popen()打开浏览器应用程序

######运行其他python脚本

subprocess.Popen(['C:\\Python27\\python.exe','C:\\Python27\\Lib\\site-packages\\xy\\stopwatch.py'])

'''Windows上的Task Scheduler,OS X上的launchd,或Linux上的cron调度程序.

这些工具文档齐全,而且可靠,它们都允许你安排应用程序在特定的时间启动.

'''

####用默认的应用程序打开文件

fileObj=open('hello.txt','w')

fileObj.write('Hello world!')

fileObj.close()

import subprocess

subprocess.Popen(['start','hello.txt'],shell=True)

#########################简单的倒计时程序####################################

######从60倒数###############################################################

######倒数至0时播放声音文件##################################################

import time,subprocess

timeleft=60

while timeleft>0:

print timeleft,

time.sleep(1)

timeleft=timeleft-1

#TODO:At the end of the countdown,play a sound file.

subprocess.Popen(['start','alarm.wav'],shell=True)

#############################################################################

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Created on Mon Jun 12 14:29:01 2017

@author: sl

"""

import threading,time

print('Start of program.')

def takeANap():

time.sleep(5)

print('Wake up!')

threadObj=threading.Thread(target=takeANap)

threadObj.start()

print('End of program')

##############################################################################

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Created on Wed Jun 07 19:42:11 2017

@author: shenlu

"""

##stopwatch.py - A simple stopwatch program

import time

#Display the program's instructions.

print('Press ENTER to begin.Afterwards,press ENTER to "click" the stopwatch.Press Ctrl-C to quit.')

raw_input()                               #press Enter to begin

print('Started.')

starttime=time.time()                 #get the first lap's start time

lasttime=starttime

lapNum=1

try:

while True:

raw_input()

lapTime=round(time.time()-lasttime,2)

totalTime=round(time.time()-starttime,2)

print'Lap #%s:%s (%s)'%(str(lapNum).rjust(2),str(totalTime).rjust(10),str(lapTime).rjust(10)),

lapNum +=1

lasttime=time.time() #reset the last lap time

except KeyboardInterrupt:

#Handle the Ctrl-C excepetion to keep its error message from displaying.

print('\nDone.')

##############################################################################

import requests,os,bs4,threading

os.makedirs('xkcd',exist_ok=True)  ###store comics in ./xkcd

def downloadXkcd(startComic,endComic):

for urlNumber in range(startComic,endComic):

###Download the page.

print('Downloading page http://xkcd.com/%s...'%(urlNumber))

res=requests.get('http://xkcd.com/%s'%(urlNumber))

res.raise_for_status()

soup=bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text)

#Find the URL of the comic image.

comicElem=soup.select('#comic img')

if comicElem==[]:

print('Could not find comic image.')

else:

comicUrl=comicElem[0].get('src')

#Download the image.

print('Downloading image %s...'%(comicUrl))

res=requests.get(comicUrl)

res.raise_for_status()

#Save the image to ./xkcd

imageFile=open(os.path.join('xkcd',os.path.basename(comicUrl)),'wb')

for chunk in res.iter_content(100000):

imageFile.write(chunk)

imageFile.close()

####TODO:Create and start the Thread objects

downloadThreads=[]           ###a list of all the Thread objects

for i in range(0,1000,100):  ###loops 14 times,create 14 threads

downloadThread=threading.Thread(target=downloadThread,args=(i,i+99))

downloadThreads.append(downloadThread)

downloadThread.start()

####TODO:wait for all threads to end

for downloadThread in downloadThreads:

downloadThread.join()

print('Done.')