Python 模块功能paramiko SSH 远程执行及远程下载

模块 paramiko

paramiko是一个用于做远程控制的模块，使用该模块可以对远程服务器进行命令或文件操作，值得一说的是，fabric和ansible内部的远程管理就是使用的paramiko来现实。

1、下载安装

# pycrypto，由于 paramiko 模块内部依赖pycrypto，所以先下载安装pycrypto

# 下载安装 pycrypto
wget http://files.cnblogs.com/files/wupeiqi/pycrypto-2.6.1.tar.gz
tar -xvf pycrypto-2.6.1.tar.gz
cd pycrypto-2.6.1
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

# 进入python环境，导入Crypto检查是否安装成功

# 下载安装 paramiko
wget http://files.cnblogs.com/files/wupeiqi/paramiko-1.10.1.tar.gz
tar -xvf paramiko-1.10.1.tar.gz
cd paramiko-1.10.1
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

代码远程下载模板

def remote_scp(host_ip,remote_path,local_path,username,password):  

    t = paramiko.Transport((host_ip,22))  

    t.connect(username=username, password=password)  # 登录远程服务器  

    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)   # sftp传输协议  

    src = remote_path   

    des = local_path  

    sftp.get(src,des)  

    t.close()  

远程执行命令 通过用户名密码

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8

import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect('ip address', 22, 'user', 'passwd')
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
print stdout.read()
ssh.close();

执行命令

远程执行命令 通过秘钥

import paramiko

private_key_path = '/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa'
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(private_key_path)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect('主机名 ', 端口, '用户名', key)

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
print stdout.read()
ssh.close()

秘钥执行命令

上传下载

import os,sys
import paramiko

t = paramiko.Transport(('182.92.219.86',22))
t.connect(username='wupeiqi',password='')
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
sftp.put('/tmp/test.py','/tmp/test.py')
t.close()

import os,sys
import paramiko

t = paramiko.Transport(('182.92.219.86',22))
t.connect(username='wupeiqi',password='')
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
sftp.get('/tmp/test.py','/tmp/test2.py')
t.close()

上传或者下载文件 - 通过用户名和密码

import paramiko

pravie_key_path = '/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa'
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(pravie_key_path)

t = paramiko.Transport(('182.92.219.86',22))
t.connect(username='wupeiqi',pkey=key)

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
sftp.put('/tmp/test3.py','/tmp/test3.py') 

t.close()

import paramiko

pravie_key_path = '/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa'
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(pravie_key_path)

t = paramiko.Transport(('182.92.219.86',22))
t.connect(username='wupeiqi',pkey=key)

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
sftp.get('/tmp/test3.py','/tmp/test4.py') 

t.close()

上传或下载文件 - 通过密钥

实战：

公司发布代码更新服务器 远程部署  代码编写

#!/usr/bin/env python
#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
__author__ = 'yiyezi'
#导入模块
import os
import sys
import paramiko
import time
import re
#相应目录变量
bak_cmd = 'tar zcvf /backup/web.tar.gz'
wget_dir = '/update'
download = 'http://192.168.1.19/'
app_dir = '/application/data'
app_data = '/application/data/*'
bak_time = time.strftime('%Y_%m_%d_%H:%M:%S')
bak = bak_cmd + bak_time

#ssh远程连接
def ssh(ip,port,username,passwd,cmd):
    paramiko.util.log_to_file('/tmp/test')
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    ssh.connect(ip, port, username, passwd)
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
    print stdout.read()
    ssh.close();
#部署
def app(apps):
    appname = re.split('\d',apps)
    if '.war' in apps:
        de_cmd = "cd %s; %s %s;wget %s%s;rm -rf %s;unzip %s -d %s;/bin/sh /scripts/reboot.sh;" % (app_dir,bak,app_data,download,apps,appname[0],apps,appname[0])
        print (de_cmd)
    elif 'tar.gz' in apps:
        de_cmd = "cd %s;%s %s;wget %s%s;rm -rf %s;tar zxvf *.tar.gz;sh /scripts/restart.sh;" %(app_dir,bak,app_data,download,apps,appname[0])
    else:
        print ("请输入正确的包!")
        sys.exit()
    ssh("192.168.1.19",22,'root','',de_cmd)
    print ('==========================END========================================')

def web(apps):
    appname = re.split('-\d',apps)
    if '.war' in apps:
        de_cmd = "cd %s; %s %s;wget %s%s;rm -rf %s;unzip %s -d %s;/bin/sh /scripts/reboot.sh;" % (app_dir,bak,app_data,download,apps,appname[0],apps,appname[0])
        print (de_cmd)

    elif 'tar.gz' in apps:
        de_cmd = "cd %s;%s %s;wget %s%s;rm -rf %s;tar zxvf *.tar.gz;sh /scripts/restart.sh;" %(app_dir,bak,app_data,download,apps,appname[0])

    else:
        print ("请输入正确的包!")
        sys.exit()
    ssh("192.168.1.11",22,'root','',de_cmd)
    print ('==========================END========================================')

IP = ["192.168.1.11","192.168.1.19"]

def information():
    msg = '''
        \33[35m----------------------select server update---------------------\033[0m
        + 服务器编号        IP            应用
        +    1              %s            web
        +    2              %s            app
        \33[35m---------------------------------------------------------------\033[0m
 '''% (IP[0],IP[1])
    print(msg)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    information()
    while True:
        num = raw_input("\033[34m请输入你要更新的服务器编号 例如 1 >>\033[0m")
        if num == '':
            print('\033[32m----------------------------------Update scripts start,please wait....................\033[0m')
            time.sleep(5)

            web("web-2020.tar.gz")
            print('\033[32m----------------------------------update Success!--------------------------------------\033[0m')
        break
        elif num == '':
            print('\033[32m----------------------------------Update scripts start,please wait....................\033[0m')
            time.sleep(5)
            app("web.war")
            print('\033[32m----------------------------------update Success!--------------------------------------\033[0m')
            break
        elif len(num) == 0:
            os.system("echo -e '\07'")
            print("\033[5;31m输入有误！请重新输入\033[0m")
        else:
            os.system("echo -e '\07'")
            print("\033[5;31m请输入正确的编号\033[0m")