RMAN备份脚本一列分享

在ORACLE数据库中，RMAN备份的脚本非常多，下面介绍一例shell脚本如何通过RMAN备份，以及FTP上传RMAN备份文件以及归档日志文件的脚本。

fullback.sh 里面调用RMAN命令做数据库备份，它使用的cmdfile为/home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv，同时在/home/oracle/backup/logs目录下生成日志文件。

   1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more fullback.sh

   2:  

   3: #!/bin/bash

   4:  

   5: export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

   6:  

   7: export ORACLE_SID=gps

   8:  

   9: ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

  10:  

  11: TMP=/tmp; export TMP

  12:  

  13: TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

  14:  

  15: PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

  16:  

  17: PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

  18:  

  19: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

  20:  

  21: CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

  22:  

  23: export CLASSPATH

  24:  

  25: TODAY=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

  26:  

  27: rman nocatalog target / cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv log /home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$TODAY.log

  28:  

  29: /home/oracle/backup/bin/ftpbackup.sh

  30:  

fullback.rcv文件非常简单， 如下所示：

   1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv

   2:  

   3: run{

   4:  

   5: allocate channel c4 type disk;

   6:  

   7: backup as compressed backupset

   8:  

   9: skip inaccessible

  10:  

  11: tag fullbackupwitharchivelog

  12:  

  13: (database);

  14:  

  15: backup current controlfile;

  16:  

  17: backup spfile;

  18:  

  19: sql "alter system archive log current";

  20:  

  21: delete noprompt obsolete;

  22:  

  23: release channel c4;

  24:  

  25: }

  26:  

RMAN生成的备份文件，需要通过FTP上传到FTP服务器，一则数据库服务器没有这么多空间存储多天的备份，二则是出于容灾、数据安全需要。

下面脚本中FTP服务器，用户名密码均使用xxx替代，在实际环境中，使用具体的信息替代即可。

   1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftpbackup.sh 

   2:  

   3: #!/bin/sh、

   4:  

   5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc

   6:  

   7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`

   8:  

   9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

  10:  

  11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  12:  

  13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  14:  

  15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  16:  

  17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  18:  

  19: echo "mkdir $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  20:  

  21: echo "cd $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  22:  

  23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  24:  

  25: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  26:  

  27: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  28:  

  29: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc

  30:  

  31: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc

  32:  

  33: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc

  34:  

  35: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc

  36:  

  37: echo "cd .." >>/home/oracle/.netrc

  38:  

  39: echo "cd ../backupset" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  40:  

  41: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  42:  

  43: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  44:  

  45: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/backupset/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  46:  

  47: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  48:  

  49: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  50:  

  51: echo "cd ../autobackup" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  52:  

  53: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  54:  

  55: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  56:  

  57: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/autobackup/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  58:  

  59: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  60:  

  61: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  62:  

  63: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  64:  

  65: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc

  66:  

  67: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log 2>&1

  68:  

另外，关于归档日志也需要每隔2小时上传一次到FTP服务器，2小时上传一次归档日志的shell脚本如下所示：

   1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftp2hours.sh 

   2:  

   3: #!/bin/sh

   4:  

   5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc

   6:  

   7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`

   8:  

   9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

  10:  

  11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  12:  

  13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  14:  

  15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  16:  

  17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  18:  

  19: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc

  20:  

  21: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc

  22:  

  23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc

  24:  

  25: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc

  26:  

  27: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  28:  

  29: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc

  30:  

  31: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc

  32:  

  33: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp2hours.$date_today.log 2>&1

  34:  

最后需要将RMAN备份生成的日志文件，以及FTP上传备份文件以及归档日志的记录通过邮件形式发送给DBA或系统管理员，

   1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more chkbackandmail.sh 

   2: #!/bin/bash

   3: rm -f /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

   4: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

   5: subject="Oracle Backup Alert Service on $date_today"

   6: content="Dear colleagues,

   7:  

   8:    Attached please find the logs of xxx(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) oracle database backup and transfer to FTP Server(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), please

   9:  review the file and check whether the backup succeeded or not,and double check all backups have been dumped to tape, many tha

  10: nks

  11:  

  12:  

  13:  

  14:  

  15: Best regards

  16: Oracle Alert Services

  17:  

  18: "

  19: file="/home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$date_today.log,/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log"

  20: echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

  21: echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

  22: echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => 'xxxx@xxx.com'}; ">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmai

  23: l.pl

  24: echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => 'xxx@esquel.com',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

  25: echo "cc=>'xxx@xxx.com,xxx@xxx.com,xxx@xxx.com'," >> /home/oracle/backup/b

  26: in/sendmail.pl

  27: echo "subject => '$subject',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

  28: echo "msg => '$content',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

  29: echo "file => '$file'});">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

  30: perl /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

最后在Crontab 作业里面配置调用这些shell脚本。例如如下所示，在1：01分执行fullback.sh ，每隔两个小时（例如0:50、2:50...)执行一次ftp2hours.sh, 在每天早上8:40执行chkbackandmail.sh 发送fullback.sh 以及ftp2hour.sh的执行日志记录。