WCF初探-9：WCF服务承载 (下)

在WCF初探-8：WCF服务承载 (上)中，我们对宿主的概念、环境、特点做了文字性的介绍和概括，接下来我们将通过实例对这几种寄宿方式进行介绍。为了更好的说明各寄宿环境特点，本实例采用Http和net.tcp两种服务通讯方式，同时寄宿在不同的宿主中。程序结构如下：

服务契约的接口和实现代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Service
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IServiceCalculator
    {
        [OperationContract]
        double Add(double n1, double n2);
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Service
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IServiceMessage
    {
        [OperationContract]
        string ReturnMessage();
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Service
{
    public class ServiceCalculator:IServiceCalculator
    {
        public double Add(double n1, double n2)
        {
            return n1 + n2;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Service
{
    public class ServiceMessage:IServiceMessage
    {
        public string ReturnMessage()
        {
            return "调用服务计算结果如下";
        }
    }
}

在 IIS 中承载 WCF 服务和WAS 中承载 WCF 服务

　　1.  完成IISHost代码

• 引用Service程序集
• 添加ServiceCalculator.svc新文件，代码如下

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true"  Service="Service.ServiceCalculator" %>

• 添加ServiceCalculator.svc新文件，代码如下

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Service.ServiceMessage" %>

• 配置服务文件代码如下，这里我将配置两个服务一个是ServiceMessage用于Http通讯，一个是ServiceCalculator用于net.tcp通讯，如果不清楚服务配置，请参照WCF初探-6：WCF服务配置和WCF初探-7：WCF服务配置工具使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.serviceModel>
      <services>
        <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
          <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" />
          <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        </service>

        <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
          <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" />
          <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        </service>
      </services>

      <bindings>
        <netTcpBinding>
          <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true">
            <security mode="None" />
          </binding>
        </netTcpBinding>
      </bindings>

      <behaviors>
          <serviceBehaviors>
              <behavior name="mexBehavior">
                  <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
                  <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
              </behavior>
          </serviceBehaviors>
      </behaviors>

    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

　　2.  寄宿服务

• 生成IISHost程序，将bin文件目录、ServiceCalculator.svc、ServiceMessage.svc、Web.config拷贝到新建的WCFHost文件夹中
• 新建网站配置该程序以便承载服务。
• 

• 点击IIS菜单的应用程序池，找到WCFHost程序池，将.net framework版本设置为v4.0,托管管道模式设置为集成

• 在浏览器中输入http://localhost:1234/ServiceMessage.svc可以看到服务发布成功

• 
• 在浏览器中输入http://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator.svc可以看到服务寄宿失败
• 

　　这是因为ServiceCalculator.svc启用的是net.tcp通讯，而在IIS中启用net.tcp通讯就必须依靠Windows 进程激活服务（也称为 WAS）

• 要使用WAS寄宿程序，就需要配置几个地方

　　　　在控制面板->程序和功能->打开或关闭windows功能勾选以下几个功能,安装WCF 激活组件

　　　　　　　　

　　　　配置承载服务的WCFHost网站，添加net.tcp通讯。

　　　　

　　　　点击网站的高级设置，在已启用的协议后追加net.tcp协议

　　　　

• 在浏览器中重新输入http://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator.svc，可以看到服务寄宿成功
• 

　　3.　客户端验证服务

• 启动Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，输入wcftestclient命令调用WCF服务测试客户端
• 

在托管应用程序中承载 WCF 服务

　　1. 完成AppHost代码

• 添加对service程序集的引用，配置文件App.config代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" />
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>

      <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
            <baseAddresses>
              <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/"/>
              <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator"/>
            </baseAddresses>
          </host>
         <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" >
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost"/>
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>

    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true" >
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>

    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

• Program.cs代码如下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Service;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace AppHost
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                ServiceHost MessageHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceMessage));
                ServiceHost CalculatorHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceCalculator));

                MessageHost.Open();
                CalculatorHost.Open();
                Console.WriteLine("服务已经启动。。。");
                Console.ReadLine();
                MessageHost.Close();
                CalculatorHost.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                Console.Read();
            }

        }
    }
}

　　2.  寄宿服务

• 生成AppHost工程，找到bin目录下的AppHost.exe,点击运行，查看到服务寄宿成功
• 

　　3.  客户端验证服务

• 启动Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，输入wcftestclient命令调用WCF服务测试客户端。分别添加服务地址：

　　　　http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/

　　　　http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/

　　

在托管 Windows 服务中承载 WCF 服务　　

　　1.  完成NTHost代码

• 添加windows服务程序services1.cs，在设计界面上单击右键添加安装程序ProjectInstaller.cs，在ProjectInstaller.cs设计界面上有serviceProcessInstaller1和serviceInstaller1两个安装组件，分别设置他们的属性
• 

• 添加配置文件App.config代码,代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" />
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>

      <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
            <baseAddresses>
              <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/"/>
              <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator"/>
            </baseAddresses>
          </host>
         <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" >
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost"/>
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>

    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true" >
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>

    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

• Service1.cs代码如下：

using System.ServiceProcess;
using Service;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace NTHost
{
    public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase
    {
        public Service1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        ServiceHost MessageHost = null;
        ServiceHost CalculatorHost = null;

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            MessageHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceMessage));
            CalculatorHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceCalculator));

            MessageHost.Open();
            CalculatorHost.Open();
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {
            MessageHost.Close();
            CalculatorHost.Close();

            MessageHost = null;
            CalculatorHost = null;
        }
    }
}

　　2.  寄宿服务

• 生成NTHost工程，安装windows服务程序NTHost.exe，在命令行中输入

　　Cd C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319，回车后输入installutil.exe 程序生成的bin目录绝对地址\NTHost.exe –i，回车后安装服务程序，程序注册成功后启动服务。

在开始菜单输入services.msc命令，打开服务管理程序将NTServiceHost服务设置为启动

　　

　　3.  客户端验证服务

• 　启动Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，输入wcftestclient命令调用WCF服务测试客户端。分别添加服务地址：

　　　　http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/

　　　　http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/