参考资料

https://docs-old.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora_Draft_Documentation/0.1/html-single/RPM_Guide/index.html

http://ftp.rpm.org/max-rpm/

http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/RPM-HOWTO/

RPM使用

# install packages
rpm -i foobar-1.0-1.i386.rpm # uninstall package
rpm -e foobar # get help
rpm --help #查找文件所属包
[root@~]$rpm -qf /etc/redis.conf
redis-3.2.10-2.el7.x86_64 #查看包相关文件
[root@~]$rpm -ql python
/usr/bin/pydoc
/usr/bin/python
/usr/bin/python2
/usr/bin/python2.7
/usr/share/doc/python-2.7.5
/usr/share/doc/python-2.7.5/LICENSE
/usr/share/doc/python-2.7.5/README
/usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/python2.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/python2.7.1.gz #查看包信息
[root@~]$rpm -qi python
Name : python
Version : 2.7.5
Release : 58.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Mon 12 Feb 2018 09:51:04 PM CST
Group : Development/Languages
Size : 80827
License : Python
..... #查找相关包
[root@~]$rpm -q python
python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64 #罗列所有包
[root@~]$rpm -qa

SPEC File

demo

Summary: A program that ejects removable media using software control.
Name: eject
Version: 2.0.2
Release: 3
Copyright: GPL
Group: System Environment/Base
Source: http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/utils/disk-management/eject-2.0.2.tar.gz
Patch: eject-2.0.2-buildroot.patch
BuildRoot: /var/tmp/%{name}-buildroot %description
The eject program allows the user to eject removable media
(typically CD-ROMs, floppy disks or Iomega Jaz or Zip disks)
using software control. Eject can also control some multi-
disk CD changers and even some devices' auto-eject features. Install eject if you'd like to eject removable media using
software control. %prep
%setup -q
%patch -p1 -b .buildroot %build
make RPM_OPT_FLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS" %install
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/usr/bin
mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/usr/man/man1 install -s -m 755 eject $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/usr/bin/eject
install -m 644 eject.1 $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/usr/man/man1/eject.1 %clean
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT %files
%defattr(-,root,root)
%doc README TODO COPYING ChangeLog /usr/bin/eject
/usr/man/man1/eject.1 %changelog
* Sun Mar 21 1999 Cristian Gafton <gafton@redhat.com>
- auto rebuild in the new build environment (release 3) * Wed Feb 24 1999 Preston Brown <pbrown@redhat.com>
- Injected new description and group. [ Some changelog entries trimmed for brevity. -Editor. ]

The Header段-基本描述信息

  • Summary: This is a one line description of the package.
  • Name: This must be the name string from the rpm filename you plan to use.
  • Version: This must be the version string from the rpm filename you plan to use.
  • Release: This is the release number for a package of the same version
  • Copyright: This line tells how a package is copyrighted. You should use something like GPL, BSD, MIT, public domain, distributable, or commercial.
  • Group: This is a group that the package belongs to in a higher level package tool or the Red Hat installer.
  • Source: This line points at the HOME location of the pristine source file. You can also specify more than one source file using lines like:
Source0: blah-0.tar.gz
Source1: blah-1.tar.gz
Source2: fooblah.tar.gz
  • Patch: This is the place you can find the patch if you need to download it again.
  • BuildRoot: This line allows you to specify a directory as the "root" for building and installing the new package.
  • %description It's not really a header item, but should be described with the rest of the header. You need one description tag per package and/or subpackage. This is a multi-line field that should be used to give a comprehensive description of the package.

%prep段

获取源码&准备构建。这个段的内容就是shell脚本

%setup

解压缩源码包,并cd到源码目录。可以携带如下参数:

  • -n name will set the name of the build directory to the listed name. The default is $NAME-$VERSION.

  • -c will create and cd to the named directory before doing the untar.

  • -b # will untar Source# before cd'ing into the directory.

  • -a # will untar Source# after cd'ing into the directory.

  • -T This option overrides the default action of untarring the Source and requires a -b 0 or -a 0 to get the main source file untarred. You need this when there are secondary sources.

  • -D Do not delete the directory before unpacking. This is only useful where you have more than one setup macro. It should only be used in setup macros after the first one (but never in the first one).

  • -q option is used to direct %setup to quiet its output. Verbose file listings won't be displayed when unpacking archives with this option.

%patch

对源码打补丁,可选参数如下:

  • # will apply Patch# as the patch file.
  • -p # specifies the number of directories to strip for the patch(1) command.
  • -P The default action is to apply Patch (or Patch0). This flag inhibits the default action and will require a 0 to get the main source file untarred. This option is useful in a second (or later) %patch macro that required a different number than the first macro.
  • You can also do %patch# instead of doing the real command: %patch # -P
  • -b extension will save originals as filename.extension before patching.

%build段

用于编译的shell脚本段。没有特殊宏。

%install段

用于安装的shell脚本段。没有特殊宏。$RPM_BUILD_ROOT 变量指向Buildroot

%clean段

clean build root

其他可选段

  • %pre is the macro to do pre-install scripts.
  • %post is the macro to do post-install scripts.
  • %preun is the macro to do pre-uninstall scripts.
  • %postun is the macro to do post-uninstall scripts.

常见的用途有在安装/卸载后允许ldconfig

%Files段

列出rpm包安装的文件。有一些宏可以使用

  • %doc is used to mark documentation in the source package that you want installed in a binary install. The documents will be installed in /usr/doc/$NAME-$VERSION-$RELEASE.
  • %config is used to mark configuration files in a package. If you later uninstall a package containing config files, any unchanged files will be removed and any changed files will get moved to their old name with a .rpmsave appended to the filename.
  • %dir marks a single directory in a file list to be included as being owned by a package. By default, if you list a directory name WITHOUT a %dir macro, EVERYTHING in that directory is included in the file list and later installed as part of that package.
  • %defattr allows you to set default attributes for files listed after the defattr declaration.
  • %files -f will allow you to list your files in some arbitrary file within the build directory of the sources.

%Changelog段

新的log用 * + date + name + email格式

打包

rpmbuild -ba foobar-1.0.spec

-b 相关参数

  • p means just run the prep section of the specfile.
  • l is a list check that does some checks on %files.
  • c do a prep and compile. This is useful when you are unsure of whether your source will build at all. It seems useless because you might want to just keep playing with the source itself until it builds and then start using RPM, but once you become accustomed to using RPM you will find instances when you will use it.
  • ido a prep, compile, and install.
  • b prep, compile, install, and build a binary package only.
  • abuild it all (both source and binary packages).
  • --short-circuit will skip straight to a specified stage (can only be used with c and i).
  • --clean removes the build tree when done.
  • --keep-temps will keep all the temp files and scripts that were made in /tmp. You can actually see what files were created in /tmp using the *-v* option.
  • --test does not execute any real stages, but does keep-temp.

    http://ftp.rpm.org/max-rpm/rpmbuild.8.html

RPM包构建的更多相关文章

  1. Linux下基于官方源代码RPM包构建自定义MySQL RPM包

    rpmbuild时不要以root用户执行! 方法一: 1.首先安装rpmbuild #yum install rpm-build gcc gcc-c++ cmake bison ncurses-dev ...

  2. RPM包制作过程(一)

    本机环境:centos7,64位 1. 首先安装工具,rpmbuild可能在rpmdevtools里已经包含 #yum install rpm-devel.x86_64 #yum install rp ...

  3. RPM 包的构建 - 实例

    打包目录 rpm 打包目录有一些严格的层次上的要求. rpm 的版本 <=4.4.x,rpmbuid 工具其默认的工作路径是 /usr/src/redhat.因为权限的问题,普通用户不能制作 r ...

  4. RPM 包的构建 - SPEC 基础知识

    spec 文件 制作 rpm 软件包并不是一件复杂的工作,其中的关键在于编写软件包的 spec 描述文件. 要想制作一个 rpm 软件包就必须写一个软件包描述文件 spec.这个文件中包含了软件包的诸 ...

  5. RPM包的制作

    RPM包的制作 前言 按照其软件包的格式来划分,常见的Linux发行版主要可以分为两类,类ReadHat系列和类Debian系列,这两类系统分别提供了自己的软件包管理系统和相应的工具. 类RedHat ...

  6. 根据某个文件或文件夹自制rpm包

    首先安装打包软件# yum install rpmbuild  rpmdevtools -y 生成打包路径1.使用rpmdev-setuptree ,会自动在用户家目录生成一个rpmbuild的文件夹 ...

  7. Centos 中如何快速定制二进制的内核RPM 包

    随着Linux服务器越来越多了,底层系统内核想要保持版本统一就需要定制专门的二进制安装包来便捷的升级和管理. RedHat系那当然就是使用rpmbuild来做定制化管理了. 今天我们分俩个部分(roo ...

  8. 手动制作rpm包

    制作RPM包的过程,简单的说,就是为制作过程提供一个“工作车间”,即一个目录,里面需要包含以下几个子目录: BUILD        ————编译相关源码包时的工作目录: RPMS         — ...

  9. centos 打包RPM包 ntopng

    需要在centos7上,将ntopng及其依赖的包一起打包成rpm包,了解centos7打包. 1.执行: yum -y install rpmdevtools  安装rpm工具 2.接下来执行:rp ...

随机推荐

  1. Android 自己定义ImageView实现圆角/圆形 附加OnTouchListener具体凝视以及Button圆角

    转载请注明出处:王亟亟的大牛之路 平时要用一些非方方正正的button之类的小伙伴们是怎样实现的?RadioButton? ImageButton? 还是其它? 今天亟亟上的是ImageView来实现 ...

  2. jquery插件中使用ajax并且获取使用插件的对象

    jquery插件中使用ajax后无法在里面获取this 解决办法是在函数内使用ajax前声明变量 $this=this 然后再ajax中使用$this

  3. Anaconda装OpenCV

     感谢来源: http://blog.csdn.net/fairylrt/article/details/43560525 前两天看到段子说开源软件就是各种配置,这是一件很辛苦的事情. Anacond ...

  4. c# .net Global.asax文件的作用

    1 Global.asax文件的作用 先看看MSDN的解释,Global.asax 文件(也称为 ASP.NET 应用程序文件)是一个可选的文件,该文件包含响应 ASP.NET 或HTTP模块所引发的 ...

  5. linux uart驱动——uart platfrom 注册(三)

    一:注册platform device 注册一个platfrom device一般需要初始化两个内容,设备占用的资源resource和设备私有数据dev.platfrom_data.设备的resour ...

  6. erlang中判断进程是否存活

    一个参数的方法是已知Pid判断进程是否存活.两个参数的方法是已知节点和Pid或进程名判断进程是否存活. is_process_alive(Pid) when is_pid(Pid)->rpc:c ...

  7. 机器学习三 -- 用Python实现K-近邻算法

    Python语言实现机器学习的K-近邻算法 写在前面 额...最近开始学习机器学习嘛,网上找到一本关于机器学习的书籍,名字叫做<机器学习实战>.很巧的是,这本书里的算法是用Python语言 ...

  8. python 基础 7.1 datetime 获得时间

    一 datatime 的使用   object         timedeta         tzinfo         time         data                dat ...

  9. android菜鸟学习笔记16----Android项目打包安装过程(Run as Android Application)

    右击项目名称,Run as Android Appication之后,Android项目打包安装过程: 1.打包生成.apk文件: 1)把源码中的.java文件编译生成.class文件 2)将所有的. ...

  10. 性能测试--测试流程、APDEX、linux性能知识

    测试流程.APDEX.linux性能知识 一.性能测试流程: 整体流程:收集需求-->搭建测试环境-->设计性能测试场景-->开发测试脚本-->执行测试-->收集数据-- ...