ASP.NET MVC5 Forms登陆+权限控制（控制到Action)

一、Forms认证流程

请先参考如下网址：

http://www.cnblogs.com/fish-li/archive/2012/04/15/2450571.html

本文主要介绍使用自定义的身份认证表示来实现认证

二、自定义的身份认证主要流程

主要代码如下：

　　1..登录验证完用户名和密码后写入Cookie信息

  public static HttpCookie SingIn(string loginName,TUserData userData,int expiration)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(loginName))
                 throw new ArgumentNullException("loginName");
             if (userData == null)
                 throw new ArgumentNullException("userData");
             // 1. 把需要保存的用户数据转成一个字符串。
             string data = null;
             if (userData != null)
                 data = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(userData);
             //(new JavaScriptSerializer()).Serialize(userData);
             // 2. 创建一个FormsAuthenticationTicket，它包含登录名以及额外的用户数据。
             FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
                 , loginName, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddDays(), true, data);
             // 3. 加密Ticket，变成一个加密的字符串。
             string cookieValue = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(ticket);
             // 4. 根据加密结果创建登录Cookie
             HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, cookieValue);
             cookie.HttpOnly = true;
             cookie.Secure = FormsAuthentication.RequireSSL;
             cookie.Domain = FormsAuthentication.CookieDomain;
             cookie.Path = FormsAuthentication.FormsCookiePath;
             if (expiration > )
                 cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(expiration);
 
             HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current;
             if (context == null)
                 throw new InvalidOperationException();
 
             // 5. 写登录Cookie
             context.Response.Cookies.Remove(cookie.Name);
             context.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);
             return cookie;
         }

　　2.在Global.asax 中解析Cookie携带的自定义信息

         protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             HttpApplication app = (HttpApplication)sender;
             UserFormsPrincipal<UserInfo>.TrySetUserInfo(app.Context);
         }

　　相关的解析方法

   public static void TrySetUserInfo(HttpContext context)
         {
             if (context == null)
                 throw new ArgumentNullException("context");
             // 1. 读登录Cookie
             HttpCookie cookie = context.Request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];
             if (cookie == null || string.IsNullOrEmpty(cookie.Value))
                 return;
             try
             {
                 TUserData userData = null;
                 // 2. 解密Cookie值，获取FormsAuthenticationTicket对象
                 FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(cookie.Value);
                 if (ticket != null && string.IsNullOrEmpty(ticket.UserData) == false)
                 {
                     // 3. 还原用户数据
                     userData = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<TUserData>(ticket.UserData);
                 }
                 if (ticket != null && userData != null)
                 {
                     // 4. 构造我们的UserFormsPrincipal实例，重新给context.User赋值。
                     context.User = new UserFormsPrincipal<TUserData>(ticket, userData);
                 }
             }
             catch { /* 有异常也不要抛出，防止攻击者试探。 */ }
         }

　　3.自定义授权Attribute

  public class RoleAuthorizeAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute
     {
         public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
         {
             var isAuth = false;
             if (!filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.IsAuthenticated)
             {
                 isAuth = false;
             }
             else
             {
                 if (filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.User.Identity != null)
                 {
                     IList<Permission> pList = null;
                     var roleService = new UserServer("DefaultConnection");
                     var actionDescriptor = filterContext.ActionDescriptor;
                     var controllerDescriptor = actionDescriptor.ControllerDescriptor;
                     var controller = controllerDescriptor.ControllerName;
                     var action = actionDescriptor.ActionName;
                     var ticket = (filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.User.Identity as FormsIdentity).Ticket;
                     var userData = (filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.User as UserFormsPrincipal<UserInfo>).UserData;
                     string perListKey = string.Format("userPermission_{0}", userData.RoleId);
                     var cache = HttpRuntime.Cache.Get(perListKey) as List<Permission>;
                     if (cache != null)
                     {
                         pList = cache;
                     }
 
                     if (pList != null)
                     {
                         isAuth = pList.Any(x => x.CName.ToLower() == controller.ToLower() && x.AName.ToLower() == action.ToLower());
                     }
                 }
             }
             if (!isAuth)
             {
                 filterContext.Result = new RedirectToRouteResult(new RouteValueDictionary(new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", returnUrl = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Url, returnMessage = "您无权查看." }));
                 return;
             }
             else
             {
                 base.OnAuthorization(filterContext);
             }
         }
     }

　　4.Web.Config 在System.Web下新增配节

     <authentication mode="Forms">
       <forms  name="LoginCookieName"  loginUrl="~/Home/Index"></forms>
     </authentication>

三、实现细粒度权限控制

　　1.构造BaseController 所有需要权限认证的Controller 都需要从此进行继承

     public class BaseController : Controller
     {
         public BaseController()
         {
             var pList = new List<Permission>();
             if (System.Web.HttpContext.Current != null && System.Web.HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
             {
                 var ticket = (System.Web.HttpContext.Current.User.Identity as FormsIdentity).Ticket;
                 var userData = (System.Web.HttpContext.Current.User as UserFormsPrincipal<UserInfo>).UserData;
                 string perListKey = string.Format("userPermission_{0}", userData.RoleId);
                 pList = HttpRuntime.Cache.Get(perListKey) as List<Permission>;
             }
             ViewBag.PerList = pList;
 
         }
     }

　　2._Layout.cshtml中获取权限信息并对主菜单进行权限控制

 @using FormAuth.Models;
 @using FormAuth.Utils;
 @{
     var pList = ViewBag.PerList as List<Permission>;
 }
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head>
     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
     <meta charset="utf-8" />
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
     <title>@ViewBag.Title - 我的 ASP.NET 应用程序</title>
     @Styles.Render("~/Content/css")
     @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/modernizr")
 </head>
 <body>
     <div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
         <div class="container">
             <div class="navbar-header">
                 <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
                     <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                     <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                     <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                 </button>
                 @Html.ActionLink("大思无疆", "Index", "Home", new { area = "" }, new { @class = "navbar-brand" })
             </div>
             <div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
                 <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                     @if (pList != null)
                     {
                         if (pList.FirstOrDefault(m => m.CName.ToLower() == "hello") != null)
                         {
                             <li>@Html.ActionLink("你好", "Index", "Hello")</li>
                         }
                         if (pList.FirstOrDefault(m => m.CName.ToLower() == "world") != null)
                         {
                             <li>@Html.ActionLink("世界", "Index", "world")</li>
                         }
                         if (pList.FirstOrDefault(m => m.CName.ToLower() == "good") != null)
                         {
                             <li>@Html.ActionLink("棒棒哒", "Index", "good")</li>
                         }
                     }                   
 
                 </ul>
             </div>
         </div>
     </div>
     <div class="container body-content">
         @RenderBody()
         <hr />
         <footer>
             <p>&copy; @DateTime.Now.Year - 我的 ASP.NET 应用程序</p>
         </footer>
     </div>
 
     @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery")
     @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/bootstrap")
     @RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
 </body>
 </html>

　　3.对Action根据权限信息进行显示

 @using FormAuth.Models;
 @{
     ViewBag.Title = "Index";
     var perList = ViewBag.PerList as List<Permission>;
 }
 
 <h2>Hello->Index</h2>
 <div>
     <ul >
         @if (perList != null)
         {
             var helloList = perList.Where(m => m.CName.ToLower() == "hello");
             foreach (var item in helloList)
             {
                 @Html.ActionLink(item.ActCnName,item.AName)
             }
         }
     </ul>
 </div>

　　Action的权限已经在 2.3节已进行验证

项目github地址：https://github.com/GYY2046/FormAuth

注意事项：项目使用VS2017 数据库为Local DB 数据库的连接字符串为绝对路径注意修改！

如有错误欢迎指正。