[20181130]control file sequential read.txt

--//昨天上午探究了大量控制文件读的情况,链接:http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2222146/
--//今天做一些细节探究:

1.环境:
SYS@xxxxx1> @ ver1

PORT_STRING                    VERSION        BANNER
------------------------------ -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx            11.2.0.4.0     Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

--//建立执行脚本如下:
$ cat c.txt
select 'flashpct;'||trim(ceil(percent_space_used)) from V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE where file_type='FLASHBACK LOG'
union all
select 'flashtime;'||to_char(OLDEST_FLASHBACK_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from V$FLASHBACK_DATABASE_LOG;

--//session 1:
SYS@xxxxx1> @ spid
       SID    SERIAL# PROCESS                  SERVER    SPID       PID  P_SERIAL# C50
---------- ---------- ------------------------ --------- ------ ------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
        60      26633 1442                     DEDICATED 1443       418        203 alter system kill session '60,26633' immediate;
--//记下spid=1443.

2.使用strace跟踪
--//session 2:
$ strace -p 1443 -t -e pread  -o /tmp/aa1

--//切换到session 1:
SYS@xxxxx1> @ c.txt
'FLASHPCT;'||TRIM(CEIL(PERCENT_SPACE_USED))
-------------------------------------------------
flashpct;0

--//session 2,按ctrl+c退出:
# strace -p 1443 -t -e pread  -o /tmp/aa1
Process 1443 attached - interrupt to quit
^CProcess 1443 detached

# cat /tmp/aa1
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0J\3\0\0\1\255\3338\377\377\1\4B\27\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 476741632) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 480264192) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0000\3\0\0B\261\3338\377\377\1\4[\r\0\0\30\0\f\0\340\7\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 477626368) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0000\3\0\0B\261\3338\377\377\1\4[\r\0\0\30\0\f\0\340\7\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 477626368) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0r\0\0\0\306\333\2638\377\377\1\4{Z\0\0\3\0\2\0\0\0\0\0\0\0+D"..., 16384, 475168768) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0s\0\0\0\377\254\3338\377\377\1\4u\31\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 475185152) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0i\4\0\0P<\3338\377\377\1\4(\324\0\0=\2\0\0\30\1\0\0v\0301;"..., 16384, 480395264) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0|\4\0\0\200\212\3338\377\377\1\4\25q\0\0L\2\0\0000\2\0\0Z(2;"..., 16384, 480444416) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0\232\4\0\0<r\3338\377\377\1\4\345\354\0\0`\2\0\0`\4\0\0\301]3;"..., 16384, 478445568) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0\301\4\0\0!{\3338\377\377\1\4\3\247\0\0\216\2\0\0\301\10\0\0r\3015;"..., 16384, 477511680) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0\35\5\0\0005\254\3218\377\377\1\4\376\274\0\0\350\2\0\0\177\21\0\0\36\7\24;"..., 16384, 478756864) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0\323\1\0\00040\3338\377\377\1\4\261\306\0\0R\3650;\n\5\1\0\342\225\0\0"..., 16384, 473874432) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0T\2\0\0qD\2407\377\377\1\4\251a\0\0u\332\2047\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 475201536) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0U\2\0\0\262\342\2638\377\377\1\4U\226\0\0bracontrolfi"..., 16384, 475217920) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0X\2\0\0 \201\2708\377\377\1\4\t:\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 476184576) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 480264192) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0000\3\0\0B\261\3338\377\377\1\4[\r\0\0\30\0\f\0\340\7\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 477626368) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0000\3\0\0B\261\3338\377\377\1\4[\r\0\0\30\0\f\0\340\7\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 477626368) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(256, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 472924160) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0)\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4\365\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0k\237\2047"..., 16384, 473972736) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(258, "\25\302\0\0000\3\0\0B\261\3338\377\377\1\4[\r\0\0\30\0\f\0\340\7\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 477626368) = 16384

# rev /tmp/aa1 | cut -f1 -d'=' | rev | sed -e 's/$/+/g' -e '$s/+$//g'| xargs echo| bc -l
950272

--//可以读的文件句柄是256,257,258.
# ls -l /proc/1443/fd | grep 25[678]
lrwx------ 1 root root 64 2018-11-29 16:10:11 256 -> /dev/asm-diskf
lrwx------ 1 root root 64 2018-11-29 16:10:11 257 -> /dev/asm-diskg
lrwx------ 1 root root 64 2018-11-29 16:10:11 258 -> /dev/asm-diske
--//可以发现对应以上裸设备.

--//单独看两个：
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0'\0\0\0J\261\3338\377\377\1\4}O\0\0\0\0P\0\0\0\200\0\0\0\0\0"..., 16384, 473022464) = 16384
16:10:10 pread(257, "\25\302\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1\4\355\376\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4 \v+^\3665"..., 16384, 480264192) = 16384

$ man pread
PREAD(2)  Linux Programmer's Manual                                PREAD(2)

NAME
       pread, pwrite - read from or write to a file descriptor at a given offset

SYNOPSIS
       #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
       #include
       ssize_t pread(int fd, void *buf, size_t count, off_t offset);
       ssize_t pwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, off_t offset);
--//第1个是句柄，第2个参数缓存地址指针，第3个是读取长度，第4个是偏移量。

473022464/1024/1024 = 451.10937500000000000000
480264192/1024/1024 = 458.01562500000000000000

--//以grid用户登录,访问asm实例:
SQL> column path format a40
SQL> select DISK_NUMBER,GROUP_NUMBER,PATH from v$asm_disk where GROUP_NUMBER=1 and DISK_NUMBER in(1,0,2) order by 1;
DISK_NUMBER GROUP_NUMBER PATH
----------- ------------ ----------------------------------------
          0            1 /dev/asm-diske
          1            1 /dev/asm-diskf
          2            1 /dev/asm-diskg

SQL> SELECT disk_kffxp, au_kffxp, xnum_kffxp,GROUP_KFFXP,NUMBER_KFFXP  FROM x$kffxp  WHERE (au_kffxp=451 or  au_kffxp=458) and disk_kffxp=2;
DISK_KFFXP   AU_KFFXP XNUM_KFFXP GROUP_KFFXP NUMBER_KFFXP
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ------------
         2        458          0           1          260
         2        451          4           1          261

--//NUMBER_KFFXP对应的是260,261.
--//使用asmcmd查看:

$ rlwrap asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+] > ls -l data/xxxxx/controlfile
Type         Redund  Striped  Time                  Sys  Name
CONTROLFILE  UNPROT  FINE     2018/08/20 01:00:00                Y    Current.260.931438443
CONTROLFILE  UNPROT  FINE     2018/08/20 01:00:00                Y    Current.261.931438443

--//如下查询:

SQL> column type format a12
SQL> select * from v$asm_file where TYPE='CONTROLFILE' order by type;
GROUP_NUMBER FILE_NUMBER COMPOUND_INDEX INCARNATION BLOCK_SIZE     BLOCKS      BYTES      SPACE TYPE         REDUND STRIPE CREATION_ MODIFICAT R PERMISSIONS      USER_NUMBER USER_INCARNATION USERGROUP_NUMBER USERGROUP_INCARNATION PRIM MIRR  HOT_READS HOT_WRITES HOT_BYTES_READ HOT_BYTES_WRITTEN COLD_READS COLD_WRITES COLD_BYTES_READ COLD_BYTES_WRITTEN
------------ ----------- -------------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ------ ------ --------- --------- - ---------------- ----------- ---------------- ---------------- --------------------- ---- ---- ---------- ---------- -------------- ----------------- ---------- ----------- --------------- ------------------
           1         260       16777476   931438443      16384       1837   30097408   33554432 CONTROLFILE  UNPROT FINE   24-DEC-16 20-AUG-18 U rw-rw-rw-                  0                0                0                     0 COLD COLD          0          0            0                  0     3146179    13420526      5.1548E+10         2.1988E+11
           1         261       16777477   931438443      16384       1837   30097408   33554432 CONTROLFILE  UNPROT FINE   24-DEC-16 20-AUG-18 U rw-rw-rw-                  0                0                0                     0 COLD COLD          0          0            0                  0   283440487    13420559      1.9953E+13         2.1988E+11

--//再次证明读取的是控制文件.

3.疑问:
# rev /tmp/aa1 | cut -f1 -d'=' | rev | sed -e 's/$/+/g' -e '$s/+$//g'| xargs echo| bc -l
950272

--//我跟踪看到的读950272.950272/1024 = 928K.

SYS@xxxxx1> @ viewsess 'physical read total'
NAME                                                                   STATISTIC#      VALUE        SID
---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
physical read total IO requests                                                50          0        714
physical read total multi block requests                                       51          0        714
physical read total bytes optimized                                            53          0        714
physical read total bytes                                                      55          0        714

SYS@xxxxx1> @ c.txt
'FLASHPCT;'||TRIM(CEIL(PERCENT_SPACE_USED))
-------------------------------------------------
flashpct;0

SYS@xxxxx1> @ viewsess 'physical read total'
NAME                                                                   STATISTIC#      VALUE        SID
---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
physical read total IO requests                                                50         73        714
physical read total multi block requests                                       51         15        714
physical read total bytes optimized                                            53          0        714
physical read total bytes                                                      55   13828096        714

--//13828096/1024/1024 = 13.1875M,为什么呢?
# wc /tmp/aa1
  58  422 7310 /tmp/aa1

--//我重复使用strace做了跟踪:
# strace -p 24584 -t  -o /tmp/aa2
# strace -p 24584 -t  -c
Process 24584 attached - interrupt to quit
^CProcess 24584 detached
% time     seconds  usecs/call     calls    errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
  -nan    0.000000           0         4           read
  -nan    0.000000           0         2           write
  -nan    0.000000           0         2           open
  -nan    0.000000           0         2           close
  -nan    0.000000           0         2           mmap
  -nan    0.000000           0        58           pread
  -nan    0.000000           0         4           semctl
  -nan    0.000000           0        20           getrusage
  -nan    0.000000           0        16           times
  -nan    0.000000           0        16           io_getevents
  -nan    0.000000           0        15           io_submit
  -nan    0.000000           0         2           semtimedop
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00    0.000000                   143           total

--//可以看到io_submit异步IO操作.等于15,正好和physical read total multi block requests的数值一致.
--//pread=58(与wc /tmp/aa1看到一致),io_submit=15,相加正好与physical read total IO requests=73一致.不知道是否是巧合.我对异步io操作的函数不熟悉.

16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 8, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 258},
                                        {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 258},
                                        {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 256},
                                        {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 257}}) = 8

--//猜测里面的256,257,258对应文件句柄.

# man io_submit
IO_SUBMIT(2)               Linux Programmer's Manual              IO_SUBMIT(2)

NAME
       io_submit - submit asynchronous I/O blocks for processing

SYNOPSIS
       #include <libaio.h>

int io_submit(aio_context_t ctx_id, long nr, struct iocb **iocbpp);

Link with -laio.

DESCRIPTION
       io_submit() queues nr I/O request blocks for processing in the AIO context ctx_id.  iocbpp should be an array of
       nr AIO control blocks, which will be submitted to context ctx_id.

# man io_getevents
IO_GETEVENTS(2)            Linux Programmer's Manual           IO_GETEVENTS(2)

NAME
       io_getevents - read asynchronous I/O events from the completion queue

SYNOPSIS
       #include <linux/time.h>
       #include <libaio.h>

int io_getevents(aio_context_t ctx_id, long min_nr, long nr,
                        struct io_event *events, struct timespec *timeout);

Link with -laio.

DESCRIPTION
       io_getevents()  attempts  to read at least min_nr events and up to nr events from the completion queue of the AIO
       context specified by ctx_id.  timeout specifies the amount of time to wait for events, where a NULL timeout waits
       until at least min_nr events have been seen.  Note that timeout is relative and will be updated if not NULL and
       the operation blocks.

# egrep 'io_submit|io_getevents' /tmp/aa2
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 8, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 257}}) = 8
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 8, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 81920, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 8
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 257}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 81920, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 49152, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 9
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 257}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 81920, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 49152, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 9
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 5, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 257}}) = 5
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 5, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 81920, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 49152, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 5
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 256}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}}, {0, 0}) = 1
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 8, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 8
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 258}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 9
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 258}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 9
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 258}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 9
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 258}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}}, {0, 0}) = 1
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 8, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 8
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 3, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}}) = 3
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 3, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 49152, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 3
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 3, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 258}}) = 3
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 3, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 81920, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 3
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 6, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 257}}) = 6
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 6, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 6
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 257}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 114688, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 9
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 7, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 258}}) = 7
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 7, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 81920, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 16384, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 7
16:45:26 io_submit(140402112221184, 9, {{0x7fb1e81f8210, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0, 0, 0, 256}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0, 0, 0, 258}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0, 0, 0, 257}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0, 0, 0, 256}}) = 9
16:45:26 io_getevents(140402112221184, 9, 128, {{0x7fb1e81f86f0, 0x7fb1e81f86f0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 49152, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8480, 0x7fb1e81f8480, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8e40, 0x7fb1e81f8e40, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9590, 0x7fb1e81f9590, 81920, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 0x7fb1e81f8bd0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f9320, 0x7fb1e81f9320, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f90b0, 0x7fb1e81f90b0, 131072, 0}, {0x7fb1e81f8960, 0x7fb1e81f8960, 131072, 0}}, {600, 0}) = 9

--//我的感觉把io_getevents 函数里面的16384,131072加起来就是读取的字节总数.

# grep 'io_getevents' /tmp/aa2 | sed '1,$s/{/\^J/g' | grep "^0x" | cut -f3 -d, | sed -e 's/$/+/g' -e '$s/+$//g'| xargs echo| bc -l
12877824

--//12877824+950272 = 13828096
--//^_^.正好和如下看到的一致.佩服一下自己..^_^.

SYS@xxxxx1> @ viewsess 'physical read total'
NAME                                                                   STATISTIC#      VALUE        SID
---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
physical read total IO requests                                                50         73        714
physical read total multi block requests                                       51         15        714
physical read total bytes optimized                                            53          0        714
physical read total bytes                                                      55   13828096        714

---//简单说明一下以上命令.# grep 'io_getevents' /tmp/aa2 | sed '1,$s/{/\^J/g' | grep "^0x" | cut -f3 -d, | sed -e 's/$/+/g' -e '$s/+$//g'| xargs echo| bc -l
1. grep 'io_getevents' /tmp/aa2 --//过滤出来io_getevents函数.
2. sed '1,$s/{/\^J/g'           --//将{替换为回车,^J在linux下先输入ctrl+v在按ctrl+enter就可以了,前面的\避免转义.
3. grep "^0x"                   --//过滤0x开头的行.
# grep 'io_getevents' /tmp/aa2 | sed '1,$s/{/\^J/g' | grep "^0x" | head -1
0x7fb1e81f8210, 0x7fb1e81f8210, 16384, 0},

4.cut -f3 -d,                   --//以,为分隔符,取第3个字段.也就是里面16384.输出.
5.sed -e 's/$/+/g' -e '$s/+$//g'--//在每行结尾加入+,最后一行删除+号.

# grep 'io_getevents' /tmp/aa2 | sed '1,$s/{/\^J/g' | grep "^0x" | cut -f3 -d, | sed -e 's/$/+/g' -e '$s/+$//g' | tail -5
 81920+
 131072+
 131072+
 131072+
 131072

6.xargs echo                   --//也就是把多行变成一行,这里注意命令行缓存大小,一般情况下不会溢出的.
7.bc -l                        --//也就是计算.

--//顺便说一下bash shell编程一般不考虑执行效率,仅仅考虑快速编程,完成对应的工作.估计awk也许更好.

4.总结:
--//写这篇blog我参考以前遇到的问题,链接:http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-751787/,当时我应该看到读取调用函数是pread.
--//这个函数应该不支持异步IO.仅仅io_submit,io_getevents才表明系统执行异步IO.

--//也就是讲实际上就算是asm系统,实际上有1部分读取使用pread函数.而不是全部使用异步IO.

[20181130]control file sequential read.txt的更多相关文章

  1. control file sequential read 等待事件

    可能的原因 control file sequential read Reading from the control file. This happens in many cases. For ex ...

  2. High waits on control file sequential read

    High waits on control file sequential read (文档 ID 2277867.1) In case we run into an issue where cont ...

  3. 10g ASM下修改control file的位置

    1.查看位置以及name是否正确 SQL> sho parameter name NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ --- ...

  4. ORA-00245: control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system

    ORACLE11G RAC alert报错如下:Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/dljyzs/dljyzs1/trace/dljyzs1_ora_8 ...

  5. could not open extension control file "/usr/share/postgresql/9.1/extension/plpythonu.control": No such file or directory

    在使用createlang 安装plpythonu的时候出现如下错误:could not open extension control file "/usr/share/postgresql ...

  6. ORA-00245: control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system (转载)

    环境:DB VERSION: 11.2.0.4.0RAC 2 nodes 问题:邮件显示rman备份失败,查看rman备份日志 Starting Control File and SPFILE Aut ...

  7. ORA-01207: file is more recent than control file -

    OS: [root@yoon ~]# more /etc/oracle-releaseOracle Linux Server release 5.7 DB: Oracle Database 11g E ...

  8. ORACLE CONTROL FILE 笔记

    控制文件包含的信息:   1.数据库的名字   2.联机重做日志文件和数据文件的名字和位置   3.数据库创建的时间戳   4.当前日志的序列号   5.检查点信息   6.备份信息   TIP:数据 ...

  9. db file sequential read （数据文件顺序读取）

    转载:http://www.dbtan.com/2010/04/db-file-sequential-read.html db file sequential read (数据文件顺序读取): db ...

随机推荐

  1. Java 容器 & 泛型：六、容器讲到为什么要使用泛型

    Writer:BYSocket(泥沙砖瓦浆木匠) 微博:BYSocket 豆瓣:BYSocket ArrayList是集合类中无处不在的,泛型也是,泛型对集合类尤其有用.但是为啥要使用泛型?理解好了这 ...

  2. 编写高质量代码改善java程序的151个建议——[110-117]异常及Web项目中异常处理

    原创地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/Alandre/(泥沙砖瓦浆木匠),需要转载的,保留下! 文章宗旨:Talk is cheap show me the code. 大成若缺,其 ...

  3. vue-07-自定义指令

    1, 全局指令 在main.js中引入 // 注册一个全局自定义指令 `v-focus` Vue.directive('focus', { // 当被绑定的元素插入到 DOM 中时…… inserte ...

  4. 【原创】STM32工程新建步骤

    1. 新建文件夹          DOC文件夹:        可以存放readme.txt等项目文档     Library文件夹:    可以存放ST库源码,直接复制ST库的源代码到Librar ...

  5. 菜鸟系列docker——docker仓库(2)

    1.仓库Registry 我们一般的镜像都是保存在仓库中,这样在其他服务器上可以直接从仓库获取镜像.仓库一般分为公共registry和私有registry.公共registry一般是Docker公司负 ...

  6. 5-15 bootcss 之 modal 以及 jquery ui 之datepicker 小记

    最近公司在用bootstrap和Jquery UI做项目,类似与OA的东西前两天碰到点问题,记录一下.希望读者不要在遇到和我一样的问题. 1 datepicker.不知道怎么自己下载的bootcss里 ...

  7. Perl一行式：字段处理和计算

    perl一行式程序系列文章:Perl一行式 获取每行最后一个字段 $ perl -alne 'print $F[$#F]' file.log 这里涉及到了选项"-a".数组@F.这 ...

  8. 在go modules里使用go get进行包管理

    上一篇文章里我们介绍了go modules的初步使用,现在我们来更深入的了解一下如何使用go get在module中管理依赖. module下的包管理 首先我们介绍过go mod edit修改go.m ...

  9. Keras入门（二）模型的保存、读取及加载

    本文将会介绍如何利用Keras来实现模型的保存.读取以及加载.   本文使用的模型为解决IRIS数据集的多分类问题而设计的深度神经网络(DNN)模型,模型的结构示意图如下: 具体的模型参数可以参考文章 ...

  10. 4.1 explain 之 id

    一.id 是什么 select 查询的序列化,包含一组数字,表示查询中执行select子句或操作的顺序 二.三种情况 a. id相同,执行顺序由上至下 b. 如果是子查询,id的序号会递增,id值越大 ...