Android单片机与蓝牙模块通信实例代码

参考路径：http://www.jb51.net/article/83349.htm

啦啦毕业了，毕业前要写毕业设计，需要写一个简单的蓝牙APP进行交互，通过参考网上资料，问题顺利搞定，下面小编把具体实现思路分享给大家，供大家参考。

1、Android蓝牙编程

　　蓝牙3.0及以下版本编程需要使用UUID，UUID是通用唯一识别码（Universally Unique Identifier），这是一个软件构建的标准，也是被开源基金会组织应用在分布式计算环境领域的一部分。在蓝牙3.0及下一版本中，UUID被用于唯一标识一个服务，比如文件传输服务，串口服务、打印机服务等，如下：

#蓝牙串口服务

SerialPortServiceClass_UUID = '{00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

LANAccessUsingPPPServiceClass_UUID = '{00001102-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

#拨号网络服务

DialupNetworkingServiceClass_UUID = '{00001103-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

#信息同步服务

IrMCSyncServiceClass_UUID = '{00001104-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

SDP_OBEXObjectPushServiceClass_UUID = '{00001105-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

#文件传输服务

OBEXFileTransferServiceClass_UUID = '{00001106-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

IrMCSyncCommandServiceClass_UUID = '{00001107-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}'

　　蓝牙的连接有主从设备，提供服务的可以认为是从设备。主设备通过UUID访问从设备提供具有相同UUID的服务，从而建立客服端—服务器（C/S）模式。

2、编程步骤

Android使用蓝牙，需要获得权限，蓝牙权限获得代码如下：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

获取本地蓝牙适配器，如果蓝牙未开启，开启蓝牙设备：

bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {

// Device does not support Bluetooth

return;

}

// 开启蓝牙

int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;

if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);

}

搜索已配对的蓝牙设备，并添加到已配对列表中：

// 查询配对设备

List<String> devices = new ArrayList<String>();

Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();

for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {

devices.add(device.getName() + "-" + device.getAddress());

}

搜索未配对蓝牙设备，并添加到未配对列表：

mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();

//开始收索搜索接收函数：

final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

String action = intent.getAction(); // When discovery finds a device

if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {

// Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent

BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);

// Add the name and address to an array adapter to show in a ListView

mArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());

}

};

// 收索接收函数需要注册：

// Register the BroadcastReceiver

IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);

registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter); // Don't forget to unregister during onDestroy

如果是服务器端，需要建立监听，注意监听的是某个服务的UUID，服务器监听类如下：

private class ConnectThread extends Thread {

private final String MY_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";

private final BluetoothSocket socket;

private final BluetoothDevice device;

public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {

this.device = device;

BluetoothSocket tmp = null;

try {

tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(MY_UUID));

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

this.socket = tmp;

}

public void run() {

bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();

try {

socket.connect();

connectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket);

connectedThread.start();

} catch (IOException e) {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException ee) {

ee.printStackTrace();

}

return;

}

//manageConnectedSocket(socket);

}

public void cancel() {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

客户端与服务器端建立连接成功后，需要ConnectedThread类接收发送数据：

// 客户端与服务器建立连接成功后，用ConnectedThread收发数据

private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {

private final BluetoothSocket socket;

private final InputStream inputStream;

private final OutputStream outputStream;

public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {

this.socket = socket;

InputStream input = null;

OutputStream output = null;

try {

input = socket.getInputStream();

output = socket.getOutputStream();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

this.inputStream = input;

this.outputStream = output;

}

public void run() {

byte[] buff = new byte[1024];

int bytes;

while (true) {

try {

bytes = inputStream.read(buff);

String str = new String(buff, "ISO-8859-1");

str = str.substring(0, bytes);

Log.e("recv", str);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

break;

}

public void write(byte[] bytes) {

try {

outputStream.write(bytes);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

public void cancel() {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

　　到此为止就是蓝牙开发的大致步骤，其中没有涉及到蓝牙客户端建立连接类，不过可查阅BLE和经典蓝牙Android开发。

3、毕设蓝牙APP介绍

　　毕设蓝牙APP需要接收单片机通过蓝牙模块发送上来的数据，并且蓝牙APP也可以给单片机发送数据来进行控制。页面布局如下，一个是整体页面，一个是设置页面，测试手机是魅蓝note。因为毕设做的是十字路口红绿灯控制系统，所有页面布局有4个LED灯，分别代表路口的4个红绿灯，会根据时间不同显示不同的颜色（红/绿/黄），并且会显示倒计时，最后来一张红绿灯系统整体图。

activity_main.xml文件如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity">

<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/linear_layout_top"

android:layout_alignParentTop="true"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="40dp">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/notice_view"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="40dp"

android:text="蓝牙未开启"

android:layout_weight="3"/>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/notice_recv_view"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="30dp"

android:layout_weight="3"/>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/notice_send_view"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="30dp"

android:layout_weight="3"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/turn_on_off"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="40dp"

android:layout_weight="2"

android:text="ON"/>

</LinearLayout>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/led1"

android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

android:layout_below="@+id/linear_layout_top"

android:layout_width="40dp"

android:layout_height="20dp"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="LED1"/>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/led0"

android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

android:layout_below="@+id/led1"

android:layout_width="40dp"

android:layout_height="20dp"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="+"/>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/led3"

android:layout_below="@+id/led1"

android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/led1"

android:layout_width="40dp"

android:layout_height="20dp"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="LED3"/>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/led2"

android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

android:layout_below="@+id/led3"

android:layout_width="40dp"

android:layout_height="20dp"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="LED2"/>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/led4"

android:layout_below="@+id/led1"

android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/led1"

android:layout_width="40dp"

android:layout_height="20dp"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="LED4"/>

<ScrollView

android:id="@+id/scroll_view"

android:layout_below="@+id/led2"

android:layout_above="@+id/linear_layout_bottom"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/recv_view"

android:text=""

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</ScrollView>

<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/linear_layout_bottom"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="50dp">

<Button

android:id="@+id/clear_recv_view"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="clear" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/send_text"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="3"

android:hint="输入框，默认@#结尾"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/send"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="send" />

</LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java文件如下：

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package com.luoxn28.bluetooth;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.graphics.Color;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.Message;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.ScrollView;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Set;

import java.util.UUID;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

public static final int RECV_VIEW = 0;

public static final int NOTICE_VIEW = 1;

private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = null;

private ConnectThread connectThread = null;

private ConnectedThread connectedThread = null;

private TextView noticeView = null;

private Button turnOnOff = null;

private TextView led0, led1, led2, led3, led4;

ScrollView scrollView = null;

private TextView recvView = null;

private Button clearRecvView = null;

private EditText sendText = null;

private Button send = null;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

// 获取BluetoothAdapter

bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {

// Device does not support Bluetooth

return;

}

// 注册监听事件

noticeView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.notice_view);

turnOnOff = (Button) findViewById(R.id.turn_on_off);

led0 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led0);

led1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led1);

led2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led2);

led3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led3);

led4 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.led4);

scrollView = (ScrollView) findViewById(R.id.scroll_view);

recvView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.recv_view);

clearRecvView = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clear_recv_view);

sendText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.send_text);

send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);

turnOnOff.setOnClickListener(this);

clearRecvView.setOnClickListener(this);

send.setOnClickListener(this);

if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

noticeView.setText("蓝牙未开启");

}

else {

noticeView.setText("蓝牙已开启");

}

noticeView.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);

led0.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);

led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);

led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);

led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);

led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);

}

private boolean isOn = false;

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

switch (view.getId()) {

case R.id.turn_on_off: // 发送'0'或者'1'都可以

if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

break;

}

if (connectedThread == null) {

Toast.makeText(this, "未连接设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

break;

}

String turn_string = "1@#";

connectedThread.write(turn_string.getBytes());

if (isOn == false) {

isOn = true; // 打开了

turnOnOff.setText("OFF");

led1.setText("");

led2.setText("");

led3.setText("");

led4.setText("");

}

else {

isOn = false; // 关闭了

turnOnOff.setText("ON");

led1.setText("LED1");

led2.setText("LED2");

led3.setText("LED3");

led4.setText("LED4");

}

break;

case R.id.clear_recv_view: // 清空接收框

recvView.setText("");

break;

case R.id.send: // 发送数据，默认以"@#"结尾

if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return;

}

if (connectedThread == null) {

Toast.makeText(this, "未连接设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

break;

}

String inputText = sendText.getText().toString() + "@#"; // 发送给单片机数据以"@#结尾"，这样单片机知道一条数据发送结束

//Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, inputText, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

connectedThread.write(inputText.getBytes());

break;

default:

break;

}

private android.os.Handler handler = new android.os.Handler() {

public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

Bundle bundle = null;

switch (msg.what) {

case RECV_VIEW:

if (isOn == false) {

isOn = true;

turnOnOff.setText("OFF");

}

bundle = msg.getData();

String recv = bundle.getString("recv");

recvView.append(recv + "\n");

scrollView.fullScroll(ScrollView.FOCUS_DOWN); // 滚动到底部

if (recv.isEmpty() || recv.contains(" ") || recv.contains("#")) {

break;

}

int num = Integer.valueOf(recv) / 2; // 0-60s

if (num <= 20) {

led1.setText("");

led2.setText("");

led3.setText("");

led4.setText("");

led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);

led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);

led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

}

else if (num < 30) {

int n = 30 - num;

led1.setText("" + n);

led2.setText("" + n);

if (num < 28) {

led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

}

else {

led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);

led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);

}

else if (num <= 50) {

led1.setText("");

led2.setText("");

led3.setText("");

led4.setText("");

led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

led3.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);

led4.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);

}

else {

int n = 60 - num;

led3.setText("" + n);

led4.setText("" + n);

if (num < 58) {

led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);

}

else {

led1.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);

led2.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);

}

break;

case NOTICE_VIEW:

bundle = msg.getData();

String notice = bundle.getString("notice");

noticeView.setText(notice);

break;

default:

break;

}

};

@Override

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.

getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);

return true;

}

@Override

public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

int id = item.getItemId();

if (id == R.id.start_bluetooth) {

if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {

// 开启蓝牙

int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;

if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);

noticeView.setText("开启蓝牙成功");

//Toast.makeText(this, "开启蓝牙成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

} else {

Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙已开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

return true;

}

else if (id == R.id.show_devices) {

if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {

if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return true;

}

// 查询配对设备

List<String> devices = new ArrayList<String>();

Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();

for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {

devices.add(device.getName() + "-" + device.getAddress());

}

StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder();

for (String device : devices) {

text.append(device + "\n");

}

Toast.makeText(this, text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

return true;

}

else if (id == R.id.find_devices) {

Toast.makeText(this, "该功能暂时不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

else if (id == R.id.connect_devices) {

if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙未开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return true;

}

// 查询配对设备建立连接，只能连接第一个配对的设备

List<String> devices = new ArrayList<String>();

Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();

for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {

connectThread = new ConnectThread(device);

connectThread.start();

//Toast.makeText(this, "连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

break;

}

return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);

}

private class ConnectThread extends Thread {

private final String MY_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";

private final BluetoothSocket socket;

private final BluetoothDevice device;

public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {

this.device = device;

BluetoothSocket tmp = null;

try {

tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(MY_UUID));

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

this.socket = tmp;

}

public void run() {

bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();

try {

socket.connect();

connectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket);

connectedThread.start();

} catch (IOException e) {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException ee) {

ee.printStackTrace();

}

return;

}

//manageConnectedSocket(socket);

}

public void cancel() {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

// 客户端与服务器建立连接成功后，用ConnectedThread收发数据

private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {

private final BluetoothSocket socket;

private final InputStream inputStream;

private final OutputStream outputStream;

public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {

this.socket = socket;

InputStream input = null;

OutputStream output = null;

try {

input = socket.getInputStream();

output = socket.getOutputStream();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

this.inputStream = input;

this.outputStream = output;

}

public void run() {

StringBuilder recvText = new StringBuilder();

byte[] buff = new byte[1024];

int bytes;

Bundle tmpBundle = new Bundle();

Message tmpMessage = new Message();

tmpBundle.putString("notice", "连接成功");

tmpMessage.what = NOTICE_VIEW;

tmpMessage.setData(tmpBundle);

handler.sendMessage(tmpMessage);

while (true) {

try {

bytes = inputStream.read(buff);

String str = new String(buff, "ISO-8859-1");

str = str.substring(0, bytes);

// 收到数据，单片机发送上来的数据以"#"结束，这样手机知道一条数据发送结束

//Log.e("read", str);

if (!str.endsWith("#")) {

recvText.append(str);

continue;

}

recvText.append(str.substring(0, str.length() - 1)); // 去除'#'

Bundle bundle = new Bundle();

Message message = new Message();

bundle.putString("recv", recvText.toString());

message.what = RECV_VIEW;

message.setData(bundle);

handler.sendMessage(message);

recvText.replace(0, recvText.length(), "");

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

break;

}

public void write(byte[] bytes) {

try {

outputStream.write(bytes);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

public void cancel() {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

menu_main.xml文件如下：

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:context=".MainActivity">

<item

android:id="@+id/show_devices"

android:title="@string/show_devices"

android:orderInCategory="100"

app:showAsAction="never" />

<item

android:id="@+id/start_bluetooth"

android:title="@string/start_bluetooth"

android:orderInCategory="100"

app:showAsAction="never" />

<item

android:id="@+id/find_devices"

android:title="@string/find_devices"

android:orderInCategory="100"

app:showAsAction="never" />

<item

android:id="@+id/connect_devices"

android:title="@string/connect_devices"

android:orderInCategory="100"

app:showAsAction="never" />

</menu>

strings.xml文件如下：

<resources>

<string name="app_name">BlueTooth</string>

<string name="action_settings">Settings</string>

<string name="start_bluetooth">开启蓝牙</string>

<string name="show_devices">查询配对设备</string>

<string name="find_devices">搜索设备</string>

<string name="connect_devices">连接设备</string>

</resources>

到这里整个APP已经开发完成，亲测可用，如果有什么错误，欢迎评论指正谈论^_^。

到此，本文全部内容就给大家介绍完了，亲自测试过，代码安全可靠，放心实用，如果有任何问题欢迎给我留言，小编会及时回复的！

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