AD帐户操作C#示例代码（二）——检查密码将过期的用户

本文接着和大家分享AD帐户操作，这次开发一个简单的检查密码将过期用户的小工具。

首先，新建一个用户实体类，属性是我们要取的用户信息。

    public class UserInfo
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// sAM帐户名称
        /// </summary>
        public string SamAccountName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 名称
        /// </summary>
        public string Name { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 邮箱
        /// </summary>
        public string Mail { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 已禁用
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsDisabled { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置为密码永不过期
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsPasswordNeverExpire { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置为不需要密码
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsNoPasswordRequired { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 系统密码过期设置天数
        /// </summary>
        public long MaxPasswordAge { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 剩余过期天数
        /// </summary>
        public double? SurplusPasswordExpirationDays {
            get
            {
                if (!PasswordExpirationDate.HasValue)
                {
                    return default(double?);
                }
                double days = PasswordExpirationDate.Value.Subtract(DateTime.Now).TotalDays;
                if (days <= )
                {
                    return ;
                }
                return Math.Round(days, );
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 最近密码修改时间
        /// </summary>
        public DateTime PasswordLastSet { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 密码过期时间
        /// </summary>
        public DateTime? PasswordExpirationDate { get; set; }
    }

然后是搜索用户信息的方法。

private IEnumerable<UserInfo> SearchUsers(string path, string username, string password, string sAMAccountName, string displayName, bool isDisabled, bool IsPasswordNeverExpire, long[] surplusExpirationDays)
        {
            using (DirectoryEntry directoryEntry = new DirectoryEntry(path, username, password))
            {
                using (DirectorySearcher directorySearcher = new DirectorySearcher(directoryEntry, @"&(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user))", new string[] { "name", "sAMAccountName", "userAccountcontrol", "pwdLastSet", "mail" }, SearchScope.Subtree) { PageSize =  })
                {
                    using (SearchResultCollection userResultCollection = directorySearcher.FindAll())
                    {
                        foreach (SearchResult userResult in userResultCollection)
                        {
                            UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
                            //TODO: 赋值
                            yield return userInfo;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

这次我们主要用DirectorySearcher类：SearchRoot是搜索的DirectoryEntry根节点；SearchScope属性是搜索的范围，是个SearchScope枚举：Base（限于基对象）、OneLevel（搜索基对象的直接子对象，但不搜索基对象）、Subtree（搜索整个子树，包括基对象及其所有子对象）。我们要在指定的OU下搜索用户，所以选择子树Subtree。

DirectorySearcher类的Filter属性是过滤条件，搜索用户就是“&(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user))"。注意：表示与或非的“&”、“|”、“！”要放在这些条件表达式前面而不是它们之间；如果要做模糊查询用通配符*；可以用“=”、“>=”、“<=”、“~=”（约等于），但“>”和”<“是不行的；”pwdLastSet“要转为Windows文件时间，因为存的是个long,还有处理”userAccountControl"的并运算，这里用“:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=”。我们可以把一些查询条件放在Filter里，减少搜索结果的返回行数：

                    directorySearcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Subtree;
                    List<string> filterItems = new List<string>();
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sAMAccountName))
                    {
                        filterItems.Add(string.Format(@"(sAMAccountName={0})", sAMAccountName));
                    }
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(displayName))
                    {
                        filterItems.Add(string.Format(@"(name={0})", displayName));
                    }
                    if (!containsDisabled)
                    {
                        filterItems.Add(@"(!(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2))");
                    }
                    if (!containsPasswordNeverExpire)
                    {
                        filterItems.Add(@"(!(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=65536))");
                    }
                    if (!containsNoPasswordRequired)
                    {
                        filterItems.Add(@"(!(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=32))");
                    }
                    if (surplusExpirationDays != null && surplusExpirationDays.Length > )
                    {
                        StringBuilder surplusExpirationDaysFilter = new StringBuilder(@"(|");
                        DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
                        foreach (long surplusExpirationDay in surplusExpirationDays)
                        {
                            DateTime passwordExpirationDate = now.AddDays(surplusExpirationDay);
                            DateTime passwordLastSet = passwordExpirationDate.AddDays(- * maxPwdAge);
                            if (surplusExpirationDay != )
                            {
                                surplusExpirationDaysFilter.AppendFormat("(&(pwdLastSet>={0})(pwdLastSet<={1}))", passwordLastSet.ToFileTime().ToString(), passwordLastSet.AddDays().AddSeconds(-).ToFileTime().ToString());
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                surplusExpirationDaysFilter.AppendFormat("(pwdLastSet<={0})(pwdLastSet=0)", passwordLastSet.AddDays().AddSeconds(-).ToFileTime().ToString());
                            }                        }
                        surplusExpirationDaysFilter.Append(@")");
                        filterItems.Add(surplusExpirationDaysFilter.ToString());
                    }
                    directorySearcher.Filter = string.Format(@"(&{0}(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user))", string.Concat(filterItems));

Filter语法请参考：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa746475.aspx、http://www.ldapexplorer.com/en/manual/109010000-ldap-filter-syntax.htm。

userAccountControl标志请参考：http://support.microsoft.com/kb/305144/zh-cn、http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms680832(VS.85).aspx、http://technet.microsoft.com/library/ee198831.aspx。

DirectorySearcher类的PropertiesToLoad属性是要检索的属性列表,这个就相当于我们访问数据库时写SQL语句里SELECT后面的东西，最好按需指定，尽量不写“SELECT *”； 注意DirectorySearcher类的PageSize属性，如果要返回所有数据可以设为1000，默认是只返回1000条的。

 directorySearcher.PropertiesToLoad.AddRange(new string[] { "name", "sAMAccountName", "userAccountcontrol", "pwdLastSet", "mail" });
 directorySearcher.PageSize = ;

更多DirectorySearcher类属性请参考：http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/System.DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher_properties(v=vs.80).aspx

用户密码的过期日期可以通过DirectoryEntry对象的InvokeGet方法获得，不过要加载一次DirectoryEntry的话，总觉得很浪费！

    using (DirectoryEntry resultDirectoryEntry = userResult.GetDirectoryEntry())
    {
        userInfo.PasswordExpirationDate = DateTime.Parse(resultDirectoryEntry.InvokeGet("PasswordExpirationDate").ToString());
    }

所以我还是愿意自己算一下，用最近密码设置时间+系统设置的密码过期天数。最近密码设置时间对应“pwdLastSet”，如果用DirectoryEntry对象的Properties取，那是个“System.__ComObject”类型值，幸好SearchResult对象的“pwdLastSet”可以直接取为long，这个值是Windows文件时间，可以再转为本地时间。

long fileTime = (userResult.Properties["pwdLastSet"][] as long?).GetValueOrDefault();
userInfo.PasswordLastSet = DateTime.FromFileTime(fileTime);

系统密码过期天数是通过组策略设置的，可以在OU路径下通过“maxPwdAge”属性获取，SearchResult对象的“maxPwdAge”也可以直接取为long。

 directorySearcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Base;
 directorySearcher.Filter = @"(objectClass=*)";
 directorySearcher.PropertiesToLoad.Add("maxPwdAge");
 SearchResult ouResult = directorySearcher.FindOne();
 long maxPwdAge = ;
 if (ouResult.Properties.Contains("maxPwdAge"))
 {
      maxPwdAge = TimeSpan.FromTicks((long)ouResult.Properties["maxPwdAge"][]).Days * -;
 }

最后，用户的密码过期就可以这么求了！

 userInfo.MaxPasswordAge = maxPwdAge;
 if (!userInfo.IsPasswordNeverExpire)
 {
      userInfo.PasswordExpirationDate = userInfo.PasswordLastSet.AddDays(userInfo.MaxPasswordAge);
 }

查询用户信息OK,剩下贴段将用户信息导出Excel的代码：

                   string connectionString = string.Format("Provider = Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source ={0};Extended Properties='Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=YES'", fileName);
                    using (OleDbConnection oleDbConnection = new OleDbConnection(connectionString))
                    {
                        oleDbConnection.Open();
                        using (OleDbCommand oleDbCommand = new OleDbCommand())
                        {
                            oleDbCommand.Connection = oleDbConnection;
                            //const string sqlCreateTable = @"CREATE TABLE [Sheet1$] ([登录名] TEXT,[显示名] TEXT,[邮箱] TEXT,[已禁用] TEXT,[密码永不过期] TEXT,[密码过期设置天数] TEXT,[密码最近设置时间] TEXT,[密码过期时间] TEXT,[剩余密码过期天数] TEXT)";
                            //oleDbCommand.CommandText = sqlCreateTable;
                            //oleDbCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
                            foreach (var user in users)
                            {
                                oleDbCommand.CommandText = string.Format(@"INSERT INTO [Sheet1$]([登录名], [显示名], [邮箱],[已禁用], [密码永不过期], [密码过期设置天数],[密码最近设置时间],[密码过期时间],[剩余密码过期天数]) VALUES ('{0}','{1}','{2}','{3}','{4}','{5}','{6}','{7}','{8}');", user.SamAccountName, user.Name, user.Mail, user.IsDisabled ? "是" : "否", user.IsPasswordNeverExpire ? "是" : "否", user.MaxPasswordAge.ToString(), user.PasswordLastSet.ToString(), user.PasswordExpirationDate.ToString(), user.SurplusPasswordExpirationDays.ToString());
                                oleDbCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
                            }
                        }
                    }

还有使用SmtpClient发送邮件的代码，可以自定义个HTML文件做模版内容：

            using (SmtpClient smtpClient = new SmtpClient())
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(mailMessageInfo.Host))
                {
                    smtpClient.Host = mailMessageInfo.Host;
                }
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(mailMessageInfo.Port))
                {
                    smtpClient.Port = int.Parse(mailMessageInfo.Port);
                }
                smtpClient.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential();
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(mailMessageInfo.UserName))
                {
                    NetworkCredential networkCredential = new NetworkCredential { UserName = mailMessageInfo.UserName };
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(mailMessageInfo.PassWord))
                    {
                        networkCredential.Password = mailMessageInfo.PassWord;
                    }
                    smtpClient.Credentials = networkCredential;
                }
                MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage();
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(mailMessageInfo.From))
                {
                    mailMessage.From = new MailAddress(mailMessageInfo.From);
                }
                foreach (string to in mailMessageInfo.ToList)
                {
                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(to))
                    {
                        mailMessage.To.Add(to);
                    }
                }
                if (mailMessageInfo.CcList != null && mailMessageInfo.CcList.Length > )
                {
                    foreach (string cc in mailMessageInfo.CcList)
                    {
                        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(cc))
                        {
                            mailMessage.To.Add(cc);
                        }
                    }
                }
                mailMessage.IsBodyHtml = true;
                string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "templates", mailMessageInfo.TemplateFileName);
                string body = File.ReadAllText(path);
                Regex regexImg = new Regex(@"<img\s[^>]*>", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
                Regex regexSrc = new Regex(
                    @"src=(?:(['""])(?<src>(?:(?!\1).)*)\1|(?<src>[^\s>]+))",
                    RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Singleline);
                MatchCollection matchCollection = regexImg.Matches(body);
                Dictionary<string, string> contentIds = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                foreach (Match matchImg in matchCollection)
                {
                    if (regexSrc.IsMatch(matchImg.Groups[].Value))
                    {
                        Match matchSrc = regexSrc.Match(matchImg.Groups[].Value);
                        string srcValue = matchSrc.Groups["src"].Value;
                        if (!srcValue.StartsWith("http:", System.StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                            && !srcValue.StartsWith("file:", System.StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                        {
                            if (srcValue.IndexOf("/") == )
                            {
                                srcValue = srcValue.Substring();
                            }
                            string attachmentContentId = Path.GetFileName(srcValue).Replace(".", string.Empty);
                            body = body.Replace(matchSrc.Groups["src"].Value, "cid:" + attachmentContentId);
                            if (!contentIds.ContainsKey(attachmentContentId))
                            {
                                string inlinePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "templates", srcValue.Replace(@"/", @"\"));
                                Attachment inline = new Attachment(inlinePath);
                                inline.ContentDisposition.Inline = true;
                                inline.ContentDisposition.DispositionType = DispositionTypeNames.Inline;
                                inline.ContentId = attachmentContentId;
                                if (srcValue.EndsWith("gif", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                                {
                                    inline.ContentType.MediaType = MediaTypeNames.Image.Gif;
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    inline.ContentType.MediaType = MediaTypeNames.Image.Jpeg;
                                }
                                inline.ContentType.Name = Path.GetFileName(inlinePath);
                                mailMessage.Attachments.Add(inline);
                                contentIds.Add(attachmentContentId, null);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                mailMessage.Body = body; ;
                mailMessage.BodyEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
                mailMessage.Subject = mailMessageInfo.Subject;
                mailMessage.SubjectEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
                smtpClient.Send(mailMessage);
            }

最后，将这些代码整合起来，就是检查用户密码过期的小工具了！由于笔者水平有限，文中难免会有些疏漏和错误，代码也有待不断优化，欢迎各位高手提出宝贵的建议！

参考资料：

DirectoryEntry 类使用 http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/z9cddzaa(v=vs.110).aspx

DirectorySearcher 类使用 http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/System.DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher(v=vs.90).aspx

轻量目录访问协议 (LDAP) http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa367008(VS.85).aspx

检查密码将过期用户小工具下载地址：http://files.cnblogs.com/CSharpDevelopers/UserPasswordSetChecker.zip