目录 4.1 Definition of effect modification 4.2 Stratification to identify effect modification 4.3 Why care about effect modification 4.4 Stratification as a form of adjustment 4.5 Matching as another form of adjustment 4.6 Effect modification and adjus…

目录 15.1 Outcome regression 15.2 Propensity scores 15.3 Propensity stratification and standardization 15.4 Propensity matching 15.5 Propensity models, structural models, predictive models Fine Point Nuisance parameters Effect modification and the prop…

目录 12.1 The causal question 12.2 Estimating IP weights via modeling 12.3 Stabilized IP weights 12.4 Marginal structural models 12.5 Effect modification and marginal structural models 12.6 Censoring and missing data Fine Point Setting a bad example Ch…

目录 6.1 Causal diagrams 6.2 Causal diagrams and marginal independence 6.3 Causal diagrams and conditional independence 6.4 Positivity and consistency in causal diagrams 6.5 A structural classification of bias 6.6 The structure of effect modification F…

Chapter 8 Data Modification SQL Server 2008开始,支持一个语句中插入多行: INSERT INTO dbo.Orders (orderid, orderdate, empid, custid) VALUES (10003, '20090213', 4, 'B'), (10004, '20090214', 1, 'A'), (10005, '20090213', 1, 'C'), (10006, '20090215', 3, 'C'); 这个语句作为一个原…

DML_The OUTPUT Clause /**/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --带有OUTPUT的INSERT语句 IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.T5','U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.T5 CREATE TABLE dbo.T5 ( keycol INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(…

Chapter Data Modification XF的数据提交,支持单行.集合和多层次的master-details结构的数据. Create 当提交如下数据 <Job> <Id/> <Name>CEO</Name> <Allowance>1000</Allowance> <Descr/> </Job> Create方法在数据库表Jobs中插入一条返回数据.注意,提交的数据中没有提供Id的值, 表示Id字段…

In this chapter, we would add background music to the game and play sound effect when the hero fires bullets. Because there’s so few codes to add that we could say a little more about audio engine here. Cocos2d-x has wrapped SimpleAudioEngine to cros…

最近在使用Thinkphp5做foreach循环嵌套的时候报错:Indirect modification of overloaded element of XXX has no effect,网上搜索了一下,很多框架会报这个错误,比如Laravel.YII.Thinkphp5等,错误的直译意思为:间接修改XXX的重载元素没有效果.解决办法是设置一个中间变量. $list = $score->getDetail($eid,$uid,'to');//获取数据 if(!empty($list)){…

目录 1.1 Individual casual effects 1.2 Average casual effects 1.5 Causation versus association Hern\(\'{a}\)n M. and Robins J. Causal Inference: What If. A: intervention, exposure, treatment consistency: \(Y=Y^A\) when A observed. 1.1 Individual casual…

Spring's AOP Framework Let's begin by looking at Spring's own AOP framework - a proxy-based framework that works in pure Java. You can use it in any application server and all the required classes are included in the Spring distribution. Although man…

Chapter 4. The class File Format Table of Contents 4.1. The ClassFile Structure 4.2. Names 4.2.1. Binary Class and Interface Names 4.2.2. Unqualified Names 4.2.3. Module and Package Names 4.3. Descriptors 4.3.1. Grammar Notation 4.3.2. Field Descript…

12.1 Tuples are immutable(元组是不可变的)A tuple is a sequence of values. The values can be any type, and they are indexed by integers, so in that respect tuples are a lot like lists. The important difference is that tuples are immutable.Syntactically, a tu…

Dictionaries A dictionary is like a list, but more general. In a list, the indices have to be integers; in a dictionary they can be (almost) any type.You can think of a dictionary as a mapping between a set of indices (which are called keys) and a se…

There have been many excellent books that have greatly influenced what I believe and how I behave. I try to spend at least some time every day reading or listening to the audio version of a book that will improve my life in some way. When I first sta…

This Chapter outlines the logical steps to writing a good research paper. To achieve supreme excellence or perfection in anything you do, you need more than just the knowledge. Like the Olympic athlete aiming for the gold medal, you must have a posit…

Divides one thing entire to many objects;Like perspectives, which rightly gazed uponShow nothing but confusion. . .—William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of King Richard the Second Inheritance is an important topic in most programming languages. In the cl…

Upon a homely object Love can wink.—William Shakespeare, The Two Gentlemen of Verona The simple types of JavaScript are numbers, strings, booleans (true and false), null,and undefined. All other values are objects. Numbers, strings, and booleans are …

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff647787.aspx Retired Content This content is outdated and is no longer being maintained. It is provided as a courtesy for individuals who are still using these technologies. This page may contain URLs that we…

Chapter 3 接口与 API 设计 Tips 15 使用前缀避免明明空间冲突 Objective-C 没有命名空间,所以我们在起名时要设法避免命名冲突 避免命名冲突的方法就是使用前缀 应用中的所有名称都需要加前缀(包括实现文件中的全局变量和纯 C 函数) Tips 16 提供"全能(designated)初始化方法" 一个会被所有初始化方法调用到的初始化方法 当底层数据存储机制变化时,只需要修改这个方法就可以了,不需要改动其他初始化方法 如果超类的全能初始化方法不适用于子类,或是…

Activity and resource are like twin brothers. And so if the activity need to be solve in Plug-In completely, you will have to face how to use the resource in it. In this chapter, we start with loading mechanism of the resource, and further discusses…

4.1 Introduction 4.2 stat, fstat, fstatat, and lstat Functions The lstat function is similar to stat, but when the named file is a symbolic link, lstat returns information about the symbolic link, not the file referenced by the symbolic link. 4.3 文件类…

CHAPTER 24 History of Our Planet 第24章 我们行星的历史 Uncovering the bones of ancient beasts is only part of the story. Walking in the country, you must have noticed that a valley often has a river or stream running down the middle of it. Hills and mountains…

CHAPTER 7 Science in Islam 第7章 伊斯兰中的科学 Galen did not live to see the decline of the Roman Empire, but by AD 307 it had been split in two. The new emperor, Constantine (280-337), moved his seat of power to the east- to Constantinople, now Istanbul in…

Chapter 3. Compiling for the Java Virtual Machine 内容列表 3.1. Format of Examples 3.2. Use of Constants, Local Variables, and Control Constructs 3.3. Arithmetic 3.4. Accessing the Run-Time Constant Pool 3.5. More Control Examples 3.6. Receiving Argument…

Chapter 2. The Structure of the Java Virtual Machine 内容列表 2.1. The class File Format (class文件的格式) 2.2. Data Types (数据类型) 2.3. Primitive Types and Values (原始数据类型和值) 2.3.1. Integral Types and Values 2.3.2. Floating-Point Types, Value Sets, and Values 2…

Which SGA structures are required, and which are optional? The database buffer cache, log buffer, and shared pool are required; the large pool, Java pool, and Streams pool are optional. It is not possible to create a log buffer smaller than the defau…

目录 5.1 Interaction requires a joint intervention 5.2 Identifying interaction 5.3 Counterfactual response types and interactions 5.4 Sufficient causes 5.5 Sufficient cause interaction 5.6 Counterfactual or sufficient-component causes? Fine Point More…

GooglePlay 首页效果----tab的揭示效果(Reveal Effect) (1) 前言: 无意打开GooglePlay app来着,然后发现首页用了揭示效果,连起来用着感觉还不错. 不清楚什么是揭示效果(Reveal Effect)的效果可以看我前面一篇文章:Material Design Reveal effect(揭示效果) 你可能见过但是叫不出名字的小效果 无法使用Google的小伙伴可以看我更前面的文章:提高(Android)开发效率的工具与网站 工具与分析 GooglePl…

Material Design Reveal effect(揭示效果) 你可能见过但是叫不出名字的小效果 前言: 每次写之前都会来一段(废)话.{心塞...} Google Play首页两个tab背景用了这个效果,三星计算器用了这个效果,酷安也看见这个效果,但就是叫不出名字!!!抓狂啊!!! 没办法,由于这个效果类似 涟漪效果,所以我就用** Ripple 为关键字,找过RippleDrawable** ,但是没发现...最后在Google的帮助下,我从一个陌生的网站看到了Reveal Effe…