The first two consecutive numbers to have two distinct prime factors are: 14 = 2  7 15 = 3  5 The first three consecutive numbers to have three distinct prime factors are: 644 = 2²  7  23 645 = 3  5  43 646 = 2  17  19. Find the first four consecutiv…

The number 3797 has an interesting property. Being prime itself, it is possible to continuously remove digits from left to right, and remain prime at each stage: 3797, 797, 97, and 7. Similarly we can work from right to left: 3797, 379, 37, and 3. Fi…

The number, 197, is called a circular prime because all rotations of the digits: 197, 971, and 719, are themselves prime. There are thirteen such primes below 100: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 31, 37, 71, 73, 79, and 97. How many circular primes are there…

Consider all integer combinations ofabfor 2a5 and 2b5: 22=4, 23=8, 24=16, 25=32 32=9, 33=27, 34=81, 35=243 42=16, 43=64, 44=256, 45=1024 52=25, 53=125, 54=625, 55=3125 If they are then placed in numerical order, with any repeats removed, we get the f…

There are exactly ten ways of selecting three from five, 12345: 123, 124, 125, 134, 135, 145, 234, 235, 245, and 345 In combinatorics, we use the notation, 5C3 = 10. In general, It is not until n = 23, that a value exceeds one-million: 23C10 = 114406…

The arithmetic sequence, 1487, 4817, 8147, in which each of the terms increases by 3330, is unusual in two ways: (i) each of the three terms are prime, and, (ii) each of the 4-digit numbers are permutations of one another. There are no arithmetic seq…

The fraction 49/98 is a curious fraction, as an inexperienced mathematician in attempting to simplify it may incorrectly believe that49/98 = 4/8, which is correct, is obtained by cancelling the 9s. We shall consider fractions like, 30/50 = 3/5, to be…

Consider the fraction, n/d, where n and d are positive integers. If nd and HCF(n,d)=1, it is called a reduced proper fraction. If we list the set of reduced proper fractions for d  8 in ascending order of size, we get: 1/8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 2/7, 1…

The nth term of the sequence of triangle numbers is given by, tn = ½n(n+1); so the first ten triangle numbers are: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, ... By converting each letter in a word to a number corresponding to its alphabetical position and…

We shall say that an n-digit number is pandigital if it makes use of all the digits 1 to n exactly once. For example, 2143 is a 4-digit pandigital and is also prime. What is the largest n-digit pandigital prime that exists? 题目大意: 如果一个数字将1到n的每个数字都使用且只…