Method overloading |_Distinguishing overloaded methods If the methods hava the same name, how can Java know which method you mean? There's a simple rule : Each overloaded method must take a unique list of argument types. |_Overloading with primitives…

Two of these safety issues are initialization and cleanup. initialization -> bug cleanup -> running out of resources (most notably, memory) Java adopted the constructor, and in addition has a garbage collector that automoatically releases memory res…

The twist |_Method-call binding Connecting a method call to a method body is called binding. When binding is performed before the program is run(by the compiler and linker, if there is one), it's called early binding. You might not hava heard the ter…

Reusing Classes 有两种常用方式实现类的重用,组件(在新类中创建存在类的对象)和继承. Composition syntax Every non-primitive object has a toString() method, and it’s called in special situations when the compiler wants a String but it has an object. Inheritance syntax You’re always do…

If we spoke a different language, we would perceive a somewhat different world. Ludwig Wittgenstein(1889-1951) You manipulate objects with references Although you treat everything as an object, the identifier you manipulate is actually "reference&quo…

Why need initialization and cleanup? A large segment of C bugs occur when the programmer forgets to initialize or clean up a variable. The class designer can guarantee initialization of every object by providing a special function called the construc…

Exception guidelines Use exceptions to: Handle problems at the appropriate level.(Avoid catching exceptions unless you know what to do with them.) Fix the problem and call the method that caused the exception again. Patch things up and continue witho…

///:~容我对这个系列美其名曰"读书笔记",其实shi在练习英文哈:-) Introduction to Objects Object-oriented programming(OOP) is part of this movement toward using the computer as an expressive medium. This chapter will introduce you to the basic concepts of OOP, including an…

Runtime type information(RTTI) allows you to discover and use type information while a program is running. All classes are loaded into the JVM dynamically, upon the first use of a class. This happens when the program makes the first reference to a st…

Java Provides a number of ways to hold objects: An array associates numerical indexes to objects. It holds objects of a known type so that you don't have to cast the result when you're looking up an object. It can be multidimensional, and it can hold…