d.用2种砝码,质量分别为a和b,称出质量为d的物品.求所用的砝码总数量最小(x+y最小),并且总质量最小(ax+by最小). s.扩展欧几里得求解不定方程. 设ax+by=d. 题意说不定方程一定有解.对于不定整数方程pa+qb=c,若 c mod Gcd(p, q)=0,则该方程存在整数解,否则不存在整数解. 也就是说,d mod gcd(a,b)=0. a,b,d同时除以gcd(a,b)得到a'x+b'y=d'; 用扩展欧几里德求出 a'x+b'y=gcd(a',b')=1的解(x,y),…
The Balance http://poj.org/problem?id=2142 Time Limit: 5000MS Memory Limit: 65536K Description Ms. Iyo Kiffa-Australis has a balance and only two kinds of weights to measure a dose of medicine. For example, to measure 200mg of aspirin using 3…
1141. RSA Attack Time limit: 1.0 secondMemory limit: 64 MB The RSA problem is the following: given a positive integer n that is a product of two distinct odd primes p and q, a positive integer e such that gcd(e, (p-1)*(q-1)) = 1, and an integer c, fi…
相信大家对欧几里得算法,即辗转相除法不陌生吧. 代码如下: int gcd(int a, int b){ return !b ? gcd(b, a % b) : a; } 而扩展欧几里得算法,顾名思义就是对欧几里得算法的扩展. 切入正题: 首先我们来看一个问题: 求整数x, y使得ax + by = 1, 如果gcd(a, b) != 1, 我们很容易发现原方程是无解的.则方程ax + by = 1有正整数对解(x, y)的必要条件是gcd(a, b) = 1,即a, b 互质. 此时正整数对解…
一.欧几里得算法 名字非常高大上的不一定难,比如欧几里得算法...其实就是求两个正整数a, b的最大公约数(即gcd),亦称辗转相除法 需要先知道一个定理: gcd(a, b) = gcd(b, a mod b) (其中a mod b != 0) 或 b (其中a mod b == 0) 证明: 后半部分呢...是废话,于是只要证明前半部分即可. 不妨设g = gcd(a, b),于是有 a = g * A, b = g * B 且 (A, B) = 1 故gcd(b, a mod b) =…
题目链接:http://lightoj.com/volume_showproblem.php?problem=1306 You have to find the number of solutions of the following equation: Ax + By + C = Where A, B, C, x, y are integers and x1 ≤ x ≤ x2 and y1 ≤ y ≤ y2. Input Input starts with an integer T (≤ ),…
Bryce1010模板 /**** *扩展欧几里得算法 *返回d=gcd(a,b),和对应等式ax+by=d中的x,y */ long long extend_gcd(long long a,long long b,long long &x,long long &y) { if(a==0&&b==0)return -1;//无最大公约数 if(b==0){x=1;y=0;return a;} long long d=extend_gcd(b,a%b,y,x); y-=a/b…